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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 25 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 20, No 2 (2020)" : 25 Documents clear

Methyl-3-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl amino)-3-phenylpropanoate Based Colorimetric Sensor for Oxyanions Venty Suryanti; Fajar Rakhman Wibowo; Sekar Handayani
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A colorimetric anion sensor of methyl-3-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl amino)-3-phenylpropanoate bearing –OH and –NH groups as binding sites and nitrophenyl as a signaling unit, has been successfully accomplished. The compound functioned as a colorimetric chemosensor for H2PO4– and AcO–, in particular, the sensor showed significant naked-eye detectable color change from colorless to light yellow. In contrast, no color change was detected upon addition of other anions such as SO42–, NO3–, and CIO4–. The anion sensing ability of the sensor was further investigated by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy in acetone. Characteristic UV-Vis spectra changes were revealed upon addition of H2PO4– and AcO–.

Extraction of Omega-3 Fatty Acid from Jade Perch (Scortum barcoo) Using Enzymatic Hydrolysis Technique Nur Izzati Iberahim; Yee Chee Hann; Zainab Hamzah; Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Extraction of omega-3 fatty acid from Jade Perch (Scortum barcoo) using enzymatic hydrolysis techniques are expected to be more economically possible techniques due to the uses of the enzyme with the characteristic of environmentally friendly, reusable and less energy required during large-scale production. Design of Experiments (DOE) was used to study the effect of process parameters such as the concentration of alcalase (0.5–1.5%), temperature (50–70 °C) and pH (6.5–8.5) towards the yield of oil. The findings showed 16.55% of oil yield was extracted from the jade perch under an optimum condition at 50 °C, 6.5 pH with 0.5% of enzyme concentration for 2 h incubation time. The fish oil was then undergone enzymatic concentration of omega-3 FA using lipase from Candida rugosa. The acid value and peroxide value of the fish oil was 71.422 mg KOH/g and 0.799 meq/kg, while the acid and peroxide value of the omega-3 concentrated oil was lower to 49.074 mg KOH/g and 0.399 meq/kg. The FTIR spectrum showed the presence of C–H stretch, =C–H stretch and C=O stretch bond justified the existence of lipids as it presents of alkanes, alkene, and carboxylic acids functional group. At the same time, GC-MS analysis showed the fish oil contains higher total PUFA content and omega-3 fatty acid content than omega-3 concentrated oil.

Validation of Mineral (Fe, Zn, and Cu) Analysis Methods in Carbohydrate, Protein and Fat-Rich Samples Using Microwave Digestion Method Didah Nur Faridah; Imas Solihat; Nancy Dewi Yuliana
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Destruction process using both dry and wet conditions serves as a significant step in mineral quantification. Wet destruction using microwave-assisted digestion refers to the standard method of AOAC (2012); in this work, we modified the destruction procedures provided in microwave digestion manual book, including temperature, reagent volume (HNO3 and H2O2), and length of destruction. The experiment works aimed (1) to validate the procedures in destruction process using microwave digestion; (2) to quantify Fe, Zn and Cu in various food matrices (canned peas, canned fish, full cream powdered milk) using a validated method. The method was evaluated according to linearity, accuracy, precision, absolute and relative LOD, LOQ, and intra-reproducibility. Measurement of Fe, Zn and Cu were considered to have a satisfying accuracy at a range of 80–115%, with a good precision value (% RSD < 2/3 CV Horwitz), while regression curves R2 > 0.995. The results showed that data collected from the modified method was not significantly different compared to those from the AOAC method. The currently developed method also fulfilled the acceptability requirements for laboratory analysis.

Wild Boar-Specific PCR Assay and Sequence Analysis Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome-B Gene for Halal Authentication Studies Ganea Qorry Aina; Abdul Rohman; Yuny Erwanto
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Wild boar meat (WBM) is non-halal meat widely abused in Indonesia. The most common case is mixing beef with WBM either in raw or processed foods. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a detection method of WBM contamination. The objective of this study was to employ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis using species specific primer (SSP) targeting on wild boar mitochondrial cytochrome-b (CYTBWB2-wb) gene for the identification of WBM in a meatball. The specificity of primer was tested, and the amplicon size was confirmed with conventional PCR and agarose electrophoresis. The base sequences were analyzed using GeneStudio software and subjected to BLAST using NCBI. CYTBWB2-wb primer was also used to test the reference meatballs made from beef and WBM using real-time PCR. The result showed that CYTBWB2-wb amplified wild boar Cyt-B mt-DNA gene specifically. The amplicon size was 194 base pair (bp) with a similarity of 93–98% toward gen Cyt-B mt-DNA of several wild boar types. The primer is able to detect WBM on the reference meatballs up to 0.1% wt/wt with efficiency value of 108.0% and coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.970. The CYTBWB2-wb primer proved to be specific and could be used as a standard method to identify the presence of WBM contamination in meatball products for halal authentication studies.

Further Analysis of Burkholderia pseudomallei MF2 and Identification of Putative Dehalogenase Gene by PCR Mohamed Faraj Edbeib; Roswanira Abdul Wahab; Fahrul Zaman Huyop; Hasan Murat Aksoy; Yilmaz Kaya
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Halogenated organic compounds are extensively and widely used as pesticides, herbicides, and antibiotics that contribute to the pollution. This research was aimed to further analyze and characterize a bacterium that has the ability to utilize 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (2,2-DCP) as a model to study dehalogenase enzyme production. Microscopic observation, biochemical tests and PCR technique were carried out in order to characterize the isolated bacterium. Strain MF2 showed its ability to grow on 10 mM 2,2-DCP liquid minimal medium with doubling time of 13 h with maximum chloride ion released of 19.8 molCl–/mL. The 16S rDNA analysis suggested that strain MF2 belongs to the genus Burkholderia. This was supported by the microscopic observation and biochemical tests. Dehalogenase gene was observed when using only primers dehIfor1 and dehIrev2 derived from group I deh PCR primer sequences, whereas no amplification using dhlB-314-forward and dhlB-637-reverse (group II dehalogenase) and haloacetate dehalogenase (H2-1157-forward and H2-1662-reverse) PCR primer sequences. The results suggested that, possibly, dehalogenase from MF2 was related to group I deh. In conclusion, strain MF2 showed the ability to utilize 2,2-DCP as sole source of carbon and energy. Further analysis revealed the MF2 strain consisted of dehalogenase gene that could be used for degradation of man-made halogenated compounds present in the environment. Using existing dehalogenase PCR primers, it was possible to amplify the dehalogenase genes sequence.

The Study of Phosphate Release from Artificial Sediment into Water Body Using Diffusive Gradient in Thin Film (DGT) Device in Oxic Condition Ardina Purnama Tirta; Asep Saefumillah; Foliatini Foliatini; Herawati Herawati
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The phenomenon of phosphate release in sediments into water bodies under oxic environment has been investigated using the Diffusive Gradient in Thin Film (DGT) technique. This research consists of several stages: polymer synthesis and DGT probe assembly, sediment sampling, DGT deployment in oxic conditions, and phosphate analysis from DGT adsorption results. Acrylamide polymer was successfully synthesized with a composition 15% acrylamide; N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide 0.1% and ferrihydrite as binding gels. DGT probes were assembly by placing a 16 x 3.2 cm polyacrylamide gel, binding gels and filter membranes on the DGT probes. The sediment sample was taken from the Bogor Botanical Gardens at the coordinates 6°36’00.6” S; 106°47’51.0” E. The DGT probe was placed in sediment samples for 1, 3 and 7 days in oxic conditions. After the prescribed time, the binding gel was removed and cut every 1 cm depth, then eluted using 0.25 M H2SO4 and the phosphate concentration was measured using spectrophotometry method. The results showed that the phosphate concentration tends to be higher with the increasing incubation time and depth. Maximum CDGT phosphate released on day 1, day 3 and day 7 were 1.00 µg/L at a depth of 14 cm, 6.61 µg/L at a depth of 14 cm, and 20.92 µg/L at a depth of 11 cm respectively. This ensures that the phosphate in water bodies comes from biogeochemical processes that occur in sediments and is successfully measured through DGT techniques.

Effect of Reaction Time and Stability Properties of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized by p-Aminobenzoic Acid and p-Aminosalicylic Acid Abdul Aji; Sri Juari Santosa; Eko Sri Kunarti
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this work, we determined the influenced of the reaction time at the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by p-aminosalicylic acid and p-aminobenzoic acid as reducing agent. Besides working as a reducing agent, the p-aminobenzoic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid also simultaneously played a role as a capping agent/stabilizing agent. Gold ion was first mixed with the pH adjusted p-aminobenzoic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid. The mixture then heated in boiling water at 86 °C. The formation of AuNPs was indicated by the appearance of red color and analyzed with UV/Vis spectrophotometry to evaluate their surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the wavelength range 400–800 nm. The reducing ability of the reducing agents was affected by its structure. Gold nanoparticles that were synthesized with p-aminosalicylic acid were more stable, faster and had a smaller size than its counterpart that is synthesized with p-aminobenzoic acid. The stability test over a periods 5 months showed that AuNPs were relatively stable.

DFT Study, POM Analyses and Molecular Docking of Novel Oxazaphosphinanes: Identification of Antifungal Pharmacophore Site Khadidja Otmane Rachedi; Rania Bahadi; Mohamed Aissaoui; Taibi Ben Hadda; Billel Belhani; Abdeslem Bouzina; Malika Berredjem
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A computational Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration/DFT(POM/DFT) based model has been developed for the identification of physico-chemical parameters governing the bioactivity of series of oxazaphosphinanes derivatives 1a-1f containing potential antifungal O,N-pharmacophore. Molecular docking study was performed in order to evaluate synthesized compounds their possible antifungal properties and their interactions in the binding site. Molecular docking studies revealed that the compounds 1a-1f have the potential to become lead molecules in the drug discovery process. The six compounds 1a–1f analyzed here were previously synthesized by our group.

Manganese(III) Complexes with Tetradentate Schiff Base Ligands: IR, UV/Vis, Electrochemistry and Fluorescence Properties Naser Eltaher Eltayeb
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Three trivalent manganese complexes have been synthesized, isolated, and characterized, namely, [MnCl(OH2)(Lx)].nH2O (I-III). Lx is a tetradentate Shiff base ligand, where Lx = LI, 2,2'-{1,2-phenylenebis [nitrilomethylylidene]}bis(phenolate), LII, 2,2'-{1,2-phenylenebis[nitrilomethylylidene]}bis(5-methoxyphenolate), and LIII, 2,2'-{1,2-phenylenebis[nitrilomethylylidene]}bis(4-methoxyphenolate), n = 1, 1.5 and 0 for I, II and III, respectively. These complexes were characterized using IR, elemental analysis and UV-Vis spectroscopy. In addition, the fluorescence, photoluminescence (PL), electrochemistry and thermal stability of these complexes were studied.

Conformational and Topology Analysis of Diphenylthiourea and Diarylhalidethiourea Compounds Using DFT Nur Najwa-Alyani Mohd Nabil; Lee Sin Ang
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The disubstituted thiourea compounds have shown its reliability on their usages in various industries compared to the thiourea compounds. However, they also show capability to exist in different configurations, which would render them to possess different properties and hence affect their usability by unsuspected users. In this study, investigation was carried out on the polymorphism of five disubstituted thiourea compounds in which the phenyl rings and arylhalide acted as substituents. Using the B3LYP/DEF2–TZVP model chemistry with D3–BJ and gCP correctional schemes, the energetic analysis on the possible structural arrangements of the compounds was performed. The topology analysis of non-covalent interaction and electrostatic potential surfaces was used for understanding the interaction and reactivity of the constitute molecules of the compounds. Energetic results show that for all interested compounds, CT and TT configurations may coexist. Between the two type of substituents, phenyl substituted molecules are more flexible with better capability to be nucleophilic compound. On the other hand, the arylhalide substituted molecules form better electrophilic compounds. The reactive sites of the molecules rotated to the stable new configurations are similar to the molecules in their original configurations observed from experiments.

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