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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 25 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 25, No 4 (2025)" : 25 Documents clear
Nano Titanium(IV) Oxide Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Analysis of Butylated Hydroxytoluene Concentration in Lotion by Cyclic Voltammetry Rosyiidah, Nur Anisa; Setiarso, Pirim
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.87398

Abstract

This research focuses on the manufacture and application of TiO2 NPs modified carbon paste electrodes (TiO2 NPs-CPE) to analyze butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) concentration in lotions by cyclic voltammetry. This study aimed to determine the best composition of TiO2 NPs-CPE, optimal addition of phosphate buffer pH, application of deposition time, and optimal scan rate by cyclic voltammetry. BHT solution was used to determine the electrode with the best conditions so that an optimal voltammogram was obtained at a composition of 3:5:2 electrode (carbon:TiO2 NPs:paraffin oil), phosphate buffer pH 8, deposition time of 25 s, and scan rate of 100 mV s−1. Obtaining BHT levels of samples A, B, and C with TiO2 NPs-CPE by cyclic voltammetry were 0.4686, 0.48029, and 0.39044%, while the concentration of samples in HPLC were 0.46873, 0.48111, and 0.39191%. A significance value of 0.985 (> 0.05) was obtained, meaning there was no significant difference in the results of measuring the concentration of BHT in the lotion samples.
Identification of α-Amylase Inhibitory Peptides from Tryptic Hydrolysate of Caulerpa racemosa Green Algae Protein Husna, Izatul; Habibie, Ahmad; Astuti, Endang; Raharjo, Tri Joko
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.89147

Abstract

Peptides have been reported as a potential alternative for antidiabetic therapy by inhibiting α-amylase, one of the key enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. This study aimed to identify α-amylase inhibitory peptides derived from trypsin hydrolysate of Caulerpa racemosa protein. The protein was extracted using trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/acetone. The resulting peptides were fractionated using a strong cationic exchanger-solid phase extraction (SCX-SPE) column. The peptide fractions were tested for α-amylase inhibitory activity, and the peptides in the most active fraction were identified using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Seven fractions were obtained from SCX-SPE elution at pH 3 to 9. The fraction eluted at pH 5 exhibited the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 43.70 µg/mL. Four peptides with the sequences VQKEKR, MNFYCISSK, DLCDYIHNK, and ISICYEK were identified from this fraction. Molecular docking studies revealed that the peptides with sequences MNFYCISSK and VQKEKR had the strongest interactions with α-amylase. The peptide binding affinity energies of MNFYCISSK and VQKEKR were −10.3 and −9.4 kcal/mol, respectively, with RMSD values of 0.3 ± 0.0 and 0.3 ± 0.2 Å. It can be concluded that the peptides with sequences MNFYCISSK and VQKEKR could be proposed as potential antidiabetic peptides with an α-amylase inhibition mechanism.
Synthesis and Characterization of CaO-SiO2 Heterogeneous Catalyst of Blood Cockle Shells and Coconut Fiber Ash for Biodiesel Production from Crude Palm Oil Nurhayati, Nurhayati; Muhdarina, Muhdarina; Linggawati, Amilia; Siregar, Siti Saidah
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.91444

Abstract

The utilization of sustainable and renewable materials, specifically CaO derived from blood clam shells and SiO2 extracted from coconut fiber, as catalysts for biodiesel production not only promotes waste valorization but also enhances catalytic efficiency, providing an eco-friendly and effective solution for biodiesel synthesis. The present study was synthesized and characterized CaO-SiO2 catalysts using the impregnation method with SiO2 content at 3, 5, and 7 wt.%. Characterization included surface area (BET), crystallinity and crystal size (XRD), chemical composition (XRF), functional groups (FTIR), and acidity-basicity (pyridine adsorption and titration). The maximum biodiesel yield of 96.29% was achieved under optimized conditions: 2 wt.% catalyst loading, 90-min reaction time, 60 °C temperature, and a 1:9 oil-to-methanol molar ratio, determined using response surface methodology (RSM). The synthesized biodiesel was evaluated according to ASTM D6751 standards, and its purity and methyl ester composition were analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that the CaO-SiO2 catalyst achieved a biodiesel purity of 97.44%, higher than that obtained with unmodified CaO. This research successfully modified the CaO-SiO2 heterogeneous catalyst, enhancing its surface area and acidity, which led to an increase in the purity and yield of biodiesel synthesized from crude palm oil with high free fatty acid content.
Synthesis of Lithium-Aluminum Layered Double Hydroxide Adsorbent from Aluminum Waste to Create a More Environmentally Friendly Process for Recovering Lithium in Brine Salafudin, Salafudin; Prasetya, Agus; Warmada, I Wayan; Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.97024

Abstract

All countries pledged to strive to limit global warming. The implementation of renewable energy must be accelerated. One of the most essential components of renewable energy is lithium-ion batteries. The surging demand for lithium necessitates new technologies for direct recovery from brine. One of the most promising methods is adsorption. Because of its advantages, lithium-aluminum layered double hydroxides have started their application on a commercial scale. This research uniquely explores the synthesis of lithium adsorbent from aluminum waste, an approach that is both cost-effective and environmentally sustainable. The reaction behavior was studied, including the rate of hydrogen gas production and the co-precipitation process. The quality of the product was assessed by its adsorption capacity and characterization. The synthesis of lithium adsorbent was successfully performed through two-step processes, with the reaction kinetics studied at temperatures between 30 and 60 °C. XRD and FTIR results confirmed the adsorbent product. The adsorbent worked well for synthetic brine with 39–1350 ppm lithium concentration and adsorption capacity until 6.7 mg lithium ion per g of adsorbent. These findings contribute to the development of sustainable technologies for lithium extraction and can be applied to improve industrial lithium recovery processes.
Preliminary Study on Leaching Capacity of Rare Earth Elements from Coal Fly Ash by Using Citric Acid Solution Winoto, Gilbert; Mulyono, Panut; Suyanti, Suyanti; Prasetya, Agus
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99763

Abstract

Rare earth elements (REEs) are chemical elements in the III B and lanthanide groups on the chemical periodic table. Extracting REEs from secondary resources (such as coal fly ash) could be environmentally friendlier than extracting REEs from primary resources. Coal fly ash was chosen because of its attractive REE availability and to minimize the pollution problem created by coal fly ash dumping. Citric acid is used as the leaching agent because of its biodegradability, relatively safe vis-à-vis mineral acid commonly used in the REE leaching, and its non-damaging nature to coal fly ash’s properties as construction material. The leaching experiment was conducted at temperature variations of 30, 50, and 85 °C, with liquid-solid ratio (L/S) of 5, 10, and 15 mL/g in 50 mL of 0.01 mol/L citric acid solution. The leaching experiments were conducted in a water bath shaker. It was found that increasing L/S and temperature mainly contributed to increasing cerium leaching capacity.
Enhancing Surface Properties Through the Applications of Silica Superhydrophobic Coating Widati, Alfa Akustia; Salsabilah, Andina Fitriyah; Aisyah, Aisyah; Rahmawati, Zeni; Wan Abdullah, Wan Nazwanie
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99793

Abstract

Superhydrophobic silica coatings have gained enormous attention due to their significant contribution to self-cleaning, anti-fouling, anti-icing, anti-corrosion, and moisture-resistance. This mini-review provides an overview of silica surface modification, including functionalization, roughness control, and deposition methods. Functionalization aims to reach hydrophobic properties by the application of low surface energy compounds. Surface roughness control at the micro- and nano-scale across different scales also results in various surface topographies. The type of deposition technique also influences the coating surface properties, including roughness texture, adhesion, and coating thickness. This paper also explains the challenges and gaps of research rarely reported by previous studies, such as the stability of coating in harsh environments, scalability, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. Furthermore, this article also addresses promising future innovations in developing long-lasting coatings, multifunctional properties, and economic points of view.
Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) Quantitative Analysis of L-Arginine in Freeze-Dried Red Dragon Fruits (Hylocereus polyhizus) Saad, Wan Mazlina Md; Isha, Mohd Qamarul Aizat; Zan, Muhamad Faizzudin Mohamad; Sallehoddin, Siti Mastura Hanim
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.100908

Abstract

Hylocereus polyrhizus is an exotic fruit with distinct bright colors and tastes that make it popular among many regions of the world. The fruit is cultivated worldwide and firmly established as a source of nutrition, thus, making good value in terms of its potential harvesting by various methods. However, prior reviews have documented weak scientific backing sparsely around extraction efficiency and favorable conditions for optimal yield. This study aimed to quantify the crude L-arginine content for both kinds of dragon fruiting by an RP-HPLC isocratic method, thus establishing a reliable and efficient approach for their detection. This study has revealed that short extraction times are beneficial in retaining L-arginine content since more extended extractions can result in the degradation of other components. Thus, this study opens further avenues toward exploring red dragon fruit as a natural source of L-arginine and advancing functional and nutraceutical products.
From Synthesis to Application: Advances in Macrocyclic Complexes Abbas, Nabaa; Alabdali, Ammar Jihad; Al-Mashhadani, Mohammed Hussein; Alhuwaymil, Zamzam; Alyami, Mohammed Saeed; Alshareef, Sohad Abdulkhaleq
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.101121

Abstract

Macrocyclic complexes, characterized by their large ring structure incorporating multiple donor atoms, have garnered significant attention due to their pivotal roles in both natural and synthetic systems. This review examines the synthetic methods of macrocyclic ligands and their metal complexes, highlighting their structural intricacies and coordination behaviors. The multifaceted applications of these complexes span various domains in pharmaceuticals as they enhance drug solubility and bioavailability; in catalysis, they facilitate oxidation reaction and water splitting processes; in sensing, calixarenes serve as selective ion and molecule detectors; and in biomedicine, certain macrocyclic compounds exhibit potential in targeting cancer stem cells. Despite these advancements, challenges persist, notably in achieving efficient macrocyclization and ensuring stability under diver’s conditions. Future directions emphasize the incorporation of stimuli-responsive supramolecular assemblies to enhance drug delivery mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. This comprehensive overview emphasizes the importance of macrocyclic complexes in advancing chemical science and their potential in addressing contemporary scientific challenges.
Synthesis of Zinc-Nitrogen-Codoped Zirco-Titania Composite (Zn-N-Codoped ZT) as a Photocatalyst for Photodegradation of Phenol Under Visible Light Irradiation Utami, Nadya Putri; Kurniawan, Rian; Pradipta, Mokhammad Fajar; Syoufian, Akhmad
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.101519

Abstract

Zinc (Zn) and nitrogen (N) were introduced as codopants in zirco-titania (Zn-N-codoped ZT) composite photocatalyst. This research primarily aimed to investigate the codoping effect of Zn and N in ZT composite for the photodegradation of phenol under visible light irradiation. The composite was prepared through the sol-gel method, where a suspension of ZrO2 mixed with Zn dopant (wZn/wTi = 1–9%) and N dopant (wN/wTi = 10%) was added dropwise to TTIP in ethanol solution. Calcination was conducted at the temperature of 500, 700, and 900 °C. FTIR shows an increasing absorbance at 1095 cm−1 as the increasing Zn up to 5%. XRD reveals that Zn-N cooping influences anatase and rutile crystallization above 700 °C. SEM-EDX of 5Zn-N-ZT-500 displays a spherical and homogeneous morphology. Photodegradation of 10 mg L−1 phenol solution under visible light irradiation was conducted to evaluate the photocatalytic activity. The composite with 5% Zn and 10% N calcined at 900 °C achieved the lowest band gap of 2.90 eV. The highest phenol degradation percentage after 120 min irradiation, 51.96%, was attained by the composite containing 5% Ni and 10% N calcined at 500 °C (kobs = 8.4 × 10−3 min−1).
Lysis Buffers for Detecting Pork Content in Food Products Khoiriah, Ulfah Lailatul; Baydillah, Pramudja; Darmawan, Raden; Nasori, Nasori; Taufany, Fadlilatul; Gunawan, Setiyo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.101620

Abstract

The increasing number of counterfeit processed food products with non-halal ingredients, such as pork, has caused public concern about the halalness of Indonesian food products, especially in the Muslim community. This issue has prompted the development of halal authentication techniques, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) isolation followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification to detect pork DNA. The main purpose of this research was to modify the lysis buffer using tris-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, salt, alkaline, and urea. Two DNA extraction methods were evaluated using kit-based and conventional methods with modified lysis buffer. Using a fluorometer, it was proven that the conventional method with modified urea lysis buffer produced quite competitive DNA concentrations (119 ng for pork meat and 100.05 ng for pork sausage), as confirmed by real-time PCR analysis. As a result, the modified urea lysis buffer can be further developed because it is more affordable.

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