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Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 08531629     EISSN : 08531629     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera : A Scientific Journal merupakan peer reviewed jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Media ini mewadahi hasil-hasil penelitian di bidang biologi tropika yang terbit tiga kali setahun (Januari, Mei, September).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 28, No 3 (2011)" : 8 Documents clear
Analisis Variasi Bentuk Karapaks Kuya Batok (Cuora amboinensis Daudin, 1802) dan Bajuku (Orlitia borneensis Gray, 1873) dengan Metode Elliptic Fourier Descriptors Tony Febri Qurniawan; Dina Rusiana; Abdul Rachman
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.3.272

Abstract

Turtles is easily identified because of its shield. The dorsal shield or commonly called carapace is one of characteristics that can be used for turtle’s identification. People and researchers usually can distinguish the turtles just by looking at the carapace valve, but not in carapace shape. Both of them sometimes have their own interpretation about it, because carapace shape has a variation. This research was aimed to obtain some information about differences of carapace shape variation between Coura amboinensis and Orlitia borneensis quantitatively and also to investigate about characteristic of variation on carapace shape of a species. The specimens were taken from Pusat Penyelamatan Satwa Jogja. The picture of carapace shape of the turtles was changed into bitmap then processed used SHAPE ver 1.3. The variation of carapace contour were extracted by image processing, described and analyzed by Elliptic Fourier Descriptors. Mathematically independent shape characteristics were then indentified by Principal Component Analysis of The Elliptic Fourier Descriptors. Principal components represented the aspect ratio of the broad size, length size, and curve or roundness margin of the carapace. Based on result showed that intraspecies variation shape of carapace on C. amboinensis and on O. borneensis can be analysis into 3 principal component. The principal component 1st (PC1), 2nd (PC2) and 3rd (PC3) components accounted for 82.77%, 10.3% and 4.73%  of total shape variation on C. amboinensis. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd components accounted for 88.1%, 7.02% and 3.71% of total shape variation on O. borneensis. The contribution ratio of PC1 was over 80% on both of species, showing that most of the variation on carapace shape could be explained by the aspect ratio. The PC2 and PC3 were less than 20%, indicated that there is small asymmetric variation degree of roundness on carapace.
Pengaruh Pemupukan terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Garut (Maranta arundinacea L.) di Bawah Naungan 50% Ninik Setyowati
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.3.270

Abstract

A study on the effect of fertilizer on the growth of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) seedling under 50% shading was conducted in the Experimental Garden of Research Center for Biology-LIPI, Cibinong. The research was conducted with Factorial patterns in Randomized Completely Block Design with 2 factors and 5 replications.  The first treatment was fertilizing with 2 levels of factors i.e. W1 = 1x fertilizing in the early of planting and W2 = 2x fertilizer (the early and 5 month age of seedling). The second treatment was the kinds of fertilizer with 5 levels of factors i.e. P1 = Control (without fertilizer), P2 = manure of goat dunk, P3 = manure of chicken dung, P4 = manure of cow dung, P5 = compost fertilizer.  The result showed that two time application of manure of goat dung (P2) is the best for growing the arrowroot seedling (98.6 cm of plant height, 100 sheet of leaf number, and 8 clumps).  The lowest data was seen at control with 1 time fertilizing i.e. 39.6 cm of plant height, 28 sheet of leaf number, but the clump is 3.2 more than the compost fertilizer (2.8 of clumps). This treatment was also seen to increase the plant height adding of arrowroot seedling during observation.  The frequency of fertilizer was significantly effect the growth of vegetative parts of plant, i.e. 2x fertilizer better than 1x fertilizer.
Kajian Histologis Infeksi LD50 SLNPV terhadap Kerusakan Membran Peritrofik Larva Spodoptera litura Fabricius Yayan Sanjaya; Nanin Diah; Wardono Niloperbowo
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.3.273

Abstract

The effect of SlNPV infection on  peritrophic membrane  of Spodoptera litura has been carried out. The damage of histological structure caused by SlNPV (0, 315, 390, 465, 540 and 615 PIB/ml) was investigated after 0, 12, 24 ,72 and 96 hours post infection. The histological material was prepared by using parafin method after fixation with Bouin Solution, then sliced into 7 mm and stained with Hematoxilin-Eosin.   The descriptive obsevation on structural intact of peritrophic membrane histology caused by SlNPV infection shows a tendency to decrease, while in control, there was no damage at all.  The longer the exposition of virion in the midgut lumen the more damage on peritrophic membrane occurred. The severest damage occurred 96 hour after infection. The result prove that haNPV virion can destroy histological structure of midgut
Studi Persebaran dan Pemanfaatan Gayam [Inocarpus fagifer (Parkinson ex Zollinger) Fosberg] di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Albert Husein Wawo; Ninik Setyowati; Ning Wikan Utami
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.3.271

Abstract

Study on ‘Distribution and Utilization of gayam [Inocarpus fagifer (Parkinson ex Zollinger) Fosberg] on several locations in Special Territory of Yogyakarta (DIY)’ was carried out from 15 until 20 September 2010. The method of this study was Purposive Random sampling and interview with local communities. The results showed that the DIY provincy was location of natural distribution of gayam. The population of gayam from each location is different, depend on soil condition and communities activities. The communities in Bantul, Sleman and Kulon Progo regencies have conserved gayam, with maintenanced gayam seedling which grew under gayam tree. Gayam grow well in sandy loam soil and silty loam soil with pH from acid till neutral. Generally this plant grow in moisture soil i.e. near water resource, a long of river bank and cannal. The chemical content of gayam seed consist of 74.87% carbohydrate, 11.63% protein, and 2.15% fat. The seed from Banjar Asri, Kulon Progo have the highest of carbohydrat (77.70%) from fresh fruit. Gayam is multipurpuse plant i.e. food, fodder, fuel wood, erosion control, herbal pesticides, and habitat for bird and bet.
Keragaman Benthos pada Budidaya Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) di Tambak Percobaan Maranak, Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau Maros Sulawesi Selatan A. Marsambauana Pirzan; Suharyanto Suharyanto
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.3.278

Abstract

A study has been conducted in Maranak Pond Station of Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture, Maros South Sulawesi.  The objective of this study was to analyse the benthos diversity on the swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) culture in the brackishwater pond.  Sampling of benthos was conducted each month for four times.  Benthos  samples were obtained from 9 ponds. Pipe (pvc) in diameter of 2 cm was used to collect benthos then preserved in 10% of formalin solution. Microscopically identification of benthos was conducted until genus and counting cell method was used to calculate their population density.  Research results showed that benthos composition were 32 genera of phytoplankton and 15 genera of zooplankton. Varies benthos density at the range of 954 – 23,850 ind. / cm2 and genus at the range of 2 – 14 genera.  Gut content of swimming crab were 6 genera of phytoplankton, Copepod nauplii and unknown organism.   Benthos diversity indices was classified moderately stable in ponds 2 – 6 and 8 - 9 while in pond 1 and 7 were not stable.  Evenness indices of benthos in ponds 3 - 8 were relatively more normal of distribution than ponds 1, 2 and 9. Dominance indices of ponds 3 - 9 relatively better than ponds 1 and 2.
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Gulma Air untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Mikroalga Spirulina platensis pada Kultur Skala Laboratorium Christiani Christiani; Hexa Apriliana Hidayah
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.3.279

Abstract

Microalgae Spirulina platensis is good as natural food for fish. It consists of the highest protein, that is 70% of the dry weight.  On the other hand, it can be used as alternative of healthy food and herbal medicine.  To grow well, microalgae need enough nutrition. Another alternative use of the algae is for organic fertilizer. The fertilizer product can increase the income of the fishers, since it can change the useless into usefull things.  In the first year, we produced fertilizer in the laboratory and natural food such as microalgae powder. In this research we used an experimental method with Splitplot Design and 3 replications for each treatment of combination of aquatic weeds by giving different concentration. The research result indicates that population growth of microalgae cells is sigmoid with a peak population at the sixth day after inoculation and Salvinia natans with extract concentration of 900 ppm showed the best production for biomass cell of  Spirulina platensis.
Keanekaragaman Bakteri Tanah dari Teluk kodek Area, Pamenan Lombok Barat Tri Ratna Sulistiyani
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.3.280

Abstract

Indonesia is the center of the world's biodiversity with a unique biodiversity and priceless. To explore and get more information about biodiversity, strategic research was needed.  The objective of this reseach was to explore the population diversity of soil microbes in Lombok Island.  Bacterium isolates was identified by molecular 16S rDNA. Soil samples from 5 different sites in Lombok Island showed various bacteria population. The highest population 113 x 106 CFU/g soil was found in soil sample around Plumeria acuminata and the lowest 34 x 106CFU/g soil was found in soil sample around  Tamarindus indica tree.  Fourteen of isolates were identified using molecular identification with homology from 94 – 100%.
Korelasi antara Beberapa Karakter Reproduksi dengan Panjang Total Ikan Brek [Puntius orphoides (Valenciennes 1842)] di Sungai Klawing Purbalingga Suhestri Suryaningsih; Mammed Sagi; Kamiso Handoyo Nitimulyo; Suwarno Hadisusanto
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.3.269

Abstract

The red chick barb [Puntius orphoides (Valenciennes 1842)] is a member of Cyprinidae with high economic value. However, this species is still uncultured. The high market demand is fulfilled by direct collection  from their natural habitat.  In order to avoid overexploitation, domestication effort is needed.  The success of this effort needs some biological information e.g. reproductive characters.  This research aims to know some reproductive characters of red cheek barb collected at Klawing River Purbalingga Central Java.  A survey method was used with performing simple random sampling technique. The measured parameters were gonad maturity, fecundity, and gonad somatic indices (GSI) related to total length. The fish were collected monthly from June until November 2009. Data analysis includes length distribution, and correlation among gonad maturity, fecundity, and gonad somatic indices with body length. The result showed that red cheek barb from Klawing River has variable body length, most of the female individuals (34.37%) had body length ranges from 14.3-16.2 cm, whereas the majority of the male individuals (44.95%) had length distribution from 12.1-14.6 cm. The variation on  gonad maturity was observed during the research both on female and male individuals. However, most of the populations were on the highest level of gonad maturity (level IV) only in September and October. A positive correlation between gonad maturity and body length was observed on the male individuals (r=0.0424) as well as on the female individuals (r=0.4339). The fecundity was ranges from 4.097 up to 32.794 eggs. A positive correlation was also observed between fecundity and body length (r=0.6403). A monthly GSI variation was found both on the female and the male individuals with the highest peak of GSI was observed in September and October. A positive correlation between GSI and body length was found on female individuals (r=7.07 x 10-3) as well as on male individuals (r=0.376).

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