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Reaktor

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 08520798 EISSN : 24075973 DOI : https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.xx.x.xx-xx

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Reaktor invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. Reaktor publishes scientific study/ research papers, industrial problem solving related to Chemical Engineering field as well as review papers. The journal presents paper dealing with the topic related to Chemical Engineering including: Transport Phenomena and Chemical Engineering Operating Unit Chemical Reaction Technique, Chemical Kinetics, and Catalysis Designing, Modeling, and Process Optimization Energy and Conversion Technology Thermodynamics Process System Engineering and products Particulate and emulsion technologies Membrane Technology Material Development Food Technology and Bioprocess Waste Treatment Technology

Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)

Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Volume 19 No. 4 December 2019" : 7 Documents clear

Filter Cake Utilization as Filler of 15-15-15+5S Compound Fertilizer: Particle Size Distribution and Granule Crushing Strength Properties Kasmadi Kasmadi; Budi Nugroho; Atang Sutandi; Syaiful Anwar
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 4 December 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Compound fertilizer which combining organic-inorganic materials need to be developed to improve the effectivness of fertilizers in the soil. Filter cake as a material has highly potential to be used as a filler in physical process granulation of compound fertilizer. In this study, the particle size distribution and granule crushing strength properties were tested using 15-15-15 + 5S fertilizer compound formula, which are varied in the filler composition and K sources. Potassium sources consisted of 2 (two) types of fertilizers i.e KCl and K2SO4. Filler composition as a binder in fertilizer granulation consists of 5 combination filter cake and clay ratios (60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10 and 100:0). Granulation carried out by the granulation method using pan granulator of 2 kg/batch capacity, 23 rpm rotation speed and 50o pan slope. The results of the research showed that statistically the combination of filter cake and clay 70:30 had a size distribution and hardness of granules not significantly different from standard fertilizer (100% clay). Keywords: crushing strength; filler; filter cake; granulation; size distribution

The Effect of Acid Concentration (H2SO4) on the Yield and Functional Group during Lignin Isolation of Biomass Waste Pulp and Paper Industry Slamet Priyanto; Anansya Putri Intan; Bambang Rianto; Tutuk Djoko Kusworo; Bambang Pramudono; Edi Untoro; Puspa Ratu
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 4 December 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Declining oil production in Indonesia lately has been much discussed by industrial practitioners, especially from the petroleum industry. The decrease is due to the age of old drilling wells with high water cut (> 90%), so it is necessary to pursue a production method that can increase the production of these old wells. The EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) method is one way of extracting oil from oil wells that cannot be further retrieved by injecting materials that are not in the reservoir. One ingredient that can be injected is Sodium Ligno Sulfonate (SLS) surfactant derived from lignin. Lignin was obtained from the lignin isolation process from Black Liquor, which in this study came from the pulp and paper mill waste of PT. Indah Kiat, Pekanbaru, Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in H2SO4 concentrations (concentrations of 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% w/w) on the yield of lignin isolation results, and to compare the functional groups between dirty lignin, clean lignin, and pure lignin using FT-IR. Based on the research results, it was found that the best lignin is lignin with an H2SO4 concentration of 20%, with the highest yield and the color of lignin produced tends to be similar to pure lignin. In addition, it was found that the peak of the net lignin group had more similarity with commercial lignin compared to crude lignin. Keywords: Lignin, Black Liquor, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), FTIR

Removal of Methylene Blue of Textile Industry Waste with Activated Carbon using Adsorption Method Maryudi Maryudi; Shinta Amelia; Siti Salamah
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 4 December 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The colorant that is often used in the textile industry is methylene blue which is a cationic heterocyclic aromatic compound. This compound is very stable and is difficult to decompose naturally leading to environment in large concentrations. Therefore, a waste treatment technology to reduce the concentration of dye waste in water becomes importannt. So far, adsorption method with activated carbon remains the most efficient and effective technique in removing dyes from liquid waste due to its relatively large adsorption capacity. Activated carbon is one of the non-metallic mineral commodities or multipurpose industrial minerals, one of which is as an adsorbent or adsorbent media. This study aims to determine the potential of activated carbon in adsorbing methylene blue with variations in the concentration of methylene blue and particle size of activated carbon. The procedures in this experiment include, the preparation of activated carbon with size variations (20-60, 60-100 and> 100 mesh) and variations in the concentration of methylene blue (15 ppm, 30 ppm and 45 ppm) with contact time (0 to 180 minutes). From the results of the study, it was found that the smaller the size of activated carbon used, the greater the adsorption capacity, ie at mesh size> 100 mesh, the adsorption capacity was 9.8%. Whereas, the smaller the concentration of methylene blue, the activated carbon could work optimally at a concentration of 15 ppm at 30 minutes with adsorption capacity as high as 100%.Keywords: adsorption; Methylene Blue; activated carbon; concentration; time; particle size

The Use of Natural Zeolite as A Catalyst for Esterification Reaction Between Glycerol and Oleic Acid Anggara Diaz Ramadhan; Nindya Carolina C.S; Nuryoto Nuryoto; Teguh Kurniawan
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 4 December 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Natural zeolite in Indonesia generally divided into 2 types, which are mordernite and clinoptilolite. As far the use of zeolites is very limited. This experiment tries to use both types of natural zeolites to find out its work. The purpose of this experiment is testing the performance of mordenite natural zeolite from Bayah-Indonesia and clinoptilolite from Lampung- Indonesia in the esterification reaction between glycerol and oleic acid integrated by several variable that affect the reaction. The experiment will be done by using three-neck rounded flask batch reactor. The result showed that modernite zeolite has a better performance compared to clinoptilolite zeolite. To get the oleic acid conversion of 70%, clinoptilolite zeolite needs 4% catalyst of glycerol weight and reactant ratio of 6:1 mole of glycerol/mole of oleic acid, Meanwhile the mordernite zeolite only needs 2% catalyst of glycerol weight with reactant ratio of 4:1 mole of glycerol/mole of oleic acid.Keywords: natural zeolite; glycerol; reaction; diffusion

Effect of Intermittent Spray Pyrolysis on the Characteristics of Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Conductive Glass for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Isdiriayani Nurdin; Pramujo Widiatmoko; Hary Devianto; Anastasia Yuandy; Rendy Rendy
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 4 December 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

One of dye sensitized solar cell’s (DSSC) component is conductive glass, a transparent glass substrate covered with semiconductor oxide, usually fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). An economic and scalable method used to deposit the FTO film is spray pyrolysis. A research conducted by Fukano et al. (2004) showed that introducing intermittence in spray pyrolysis using batch atomizer improves the glass’ characteristics. This research aims to observe the effect of intermittence on spray pyrolysis method using nebulizer. A compressor nebulizer and hotplate were used, where the glass’ surface temperature reached 300oC. Transmittance, conductance, morphology and composition of the glasses produced were analyzed. Deposition time and intermittence were varied. Variation of time were 5; 7.5; 10; 16; and 39 minutes. Deposition time of 7.5 minutes showed the highest figure of merit (FOM) of 7.83×10-3 Ω-1. Intermittence was performed by turning the nebulizer off during deposition, with varying period and amount of intermittence. Periods of intermittence were varied for 10, 20, and 30 seconds, and amounts of intermittence were varied 1, 2, and 3 times. Variation of 3 intermittences at 20 seconds each resulted in the highest FOM of 19.29×10-3 Ω-1. DSSC’s efficiency built using produced conductive glass are 1.9×10-4 % and 5.5×10-4 %.

Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Human Excreta and Corn Stalk for Biogas Production Agus Hadiyarto; Dyah Ayu Pratiwi; Aldila Ayu Prida Septiyani
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 4 December 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The anaerobic decomposition process of human feces substrate with a C/N ratio of 14.6 has failed to produce biogas optimally. In order to produce biogas maximally, the C/N ratio in the substrate should be in the range of 20-30. In this study, a combination of human feces substrate (C / N = 14.6) with corn stalk waste (C / N = 66.5) was carried out. Corn stalks were soaked first in a NaOH solution to separate lignin before being mixed with human feces. In this study the effect of the C/N ratio from the combination of feces and corn stalks as well as the effect of the type of activated sludge on the rate of biogas production were evaluated. The C/N ratios were varied at 20, 25, and 30 with F/M of 0.5. As the source of microbes is the activated sludge of human feces. A further experiment was carried out by varying the types of microbes where sludge from cow's rumen, activated sludge from feces, and activated sludge from rotten corn stalk was employed at a C/N ratio of 30 and F/M of 0.5. The results of this study showed that the optimal biogas production was obtained at a C/N ratio of 30 with a cumulative gas volume of 13.185 ml for 60 days. The type of microbes that produce maximum biogas production was the activated sludge from the rumen. The optimum biogas yield was obtained at 4.184 liters/kg COD, which was achieved in the stationary phase with a C/N ratio of 30.Keywords: anaerobic co-digestion; biogas; corn stalk; human feces

Prediction of Microbial Population in Sorghum Fermentation through Mathematical Models Umi Laila; Rifa Nurhayati; Tyas Utami; Endang Sutriswati Rahayu
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 4 December 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The mathematical models can be used as a tool in predicting microbial population in sorghum fermentation, either spontaneous fermentation or fermentation with the addition of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculum. Gompertz model modified by Gibson, Gompertz model modified by Zwietering, Baranyi-Robert model, Fujikawa model, Richards model, Schnute model were used in predicting the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and coliform bacteria during spontaneous fermentation, and also the growth of LAB during fermentation with the addition of inoculum. Meanwhile, there was death (inactivation) of coliform bacteria during sorghum fermentation with the addition of LAB inoculum. The Geeraerd model and the Gompertz model modified by Gil et al. were used to predict the inactivation. The accuracy and precision of models were evaluated based on the Root Mean of Sum Square Error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and curve fitting. Gompertz model modified by Gibson had the highest accuracy and precision, which was followed by the accuracy of the Fujikawa model and Baranyi-Robert model in predicting the growth of LAB and the growth of coliform bacteria during spontaneous fermentation. Meanwhile, in predicting LAB growth during fermentation with the addition of inoculum, high accuracy and precision was obtained from Richards and Schnute models. In predicting the inactivation of coliform bacteria, Geeraerd model provided higher accuracy and precision compared to Gompertz model modified by Gil et al. Keywords: fermentation; inoculum; mathematical; model; sorghum; spontaneous

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Dessy Ariyanti

Contact Email dessy.ariyanti@che.undip.ac.id

Phone +62247460058

Journal Mail Official j.reaktor@che.undip.ac.id

Editorial Address Department of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang 50275

Location Kota semarang, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Dessy Ariyanti

Contact Email
dessy.ariyanti@che.undip.ac.id

Phone
+62247460058

Journal Mail Official
j.reaktor@che.undip.ac.id

Editorial Address
Department of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH Tembalang Semarang 50275

Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA