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All Journal Reaktor METANA JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Majalah Ilmiah MOMENTUM Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

Bambang Pramudono

Department Of Chemical Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering, Diponegoro University

Author-ID : 344598

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Education Energy Engineering Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Other

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PEMBUATAN FILM KOMPOSIT KITOSAN â€“TAPIOKA : PENGARUH KOMPOSISI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FILM Rokhati, Nur Rokhati; Pramudono, Bambang; Widiasa, I. Nyoman
METANA Vol 9, No 01 (2013): Juli 2013
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Abstract Cassava starch can readily be cast into films. However, the cassava starch film is brittle and weak leading to inadequate mechanical properties. Therefore it is necessary blending with other biopolymers that can overcome these drawbacks. In this study, composite film prepared by blending of cassava starch and chitosan solutions with ratio 2:8, 3:7, 4:8, and 5:5. The results show that the mechanical strength of the film increase with increasing the chitosan content. The significant decline in both permeability and degree of swelling with increasing the content of chitosan in the composite film. The hydrophobic acetyl groups of chitosan caused a notable reduction of wettability as well as water permeability. The degree of swelling experiments showed that the films have the highest degree of swelling in water followed by technical ethanol (Â±95%) and pure analysis ethanol (>99.9%). SEM photographs of the surface of film with the ratio 5:5 have more homogeneous than the ratio 2:8. The amino group peak in IR spectrum of chitosan molecule shifted from 1581 to 1587 cmâˆ’1 with the incorporation of starch. These results suggested that these two film-forming components were compatible and an interaction existed between them. Keywords: Chitosanâ€“starch films; composition, characterization

THE PROCESS OF ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY (EOR)USING ALKALINE SURFACTANT (AS) FLOODING ON SUKOWATI CRUDE OIL: A COMPARISON STUDY OF MIXED SURFACTANT Buanasari, Buanasari; Pramudono, Bambang
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 15, No 1 (2017): June 2017
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v15i1.12386

We investigated six mixed surfactants for effectiveness in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The selected surfactant formulation were tested for EOR using coreflood tests beneath sandstones. There are four objectives in this research. The first objective would examine synergism of surfactant mixtures, i.e., MES-SLS; MES- LAS; MES-DEA; MES-Tween 80; MES-BAC; and BAC-Tween 80. The next study examines the optimal ratio of the best surfactant mixture. The next step is to determine the best alkali between NaOH and Na2CO3. The final objective would determine the optimal concentration of alkaline in this formulation. Surfactant formulation would use brine 5000 ppm. This formulation injected with a flow rate of 10 ml/s at temperature of 70oC for 3 minutes beneath sandstones. Oil recovery results and the IFT value are observed response in this study. This research has found MES-DEA (½: 1) and alkali sodium carbonate 1% wt/v as the best formulations. This formulation has given 32,88% wt oil recovery and IFT value of 3,29 x 10-1 mN/m.

PEMBUATAN SURFAKTAN POLYOXYETHYLENE DARI MINYAK SAWIT: Ery Fatarina Purwaningtyas; Bambang Pramudono
Reaktor Volume 12, Nomor 3, Juni 2009
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Minyak sawit masih bisa ditingkatkan nilai tambahnya melalui pengubahan menjadi surfaktan. Surfaktan berbasis minyak nabati bersifat mudah terurai (biodegradable), dan ramah lingkungan. Salah satu surfaktan yang dapat disintesis dari minyak sawit adalah polyoxyethylene mono-digliserid (POE-MDG) melalui proses gliserolisis yang dilanjutkan dengan proses etoksilasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji parameter proses pada gliserolisis maupun etoksilasi. Proses glyserolisis menggunakan katalis MgO dan pelarut n-butanol, dilakukan dengan memvariasikan suhu, rasio gliserol: minyak, dan rasio n-butanol: minyak. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh variable yang berpengaruh pada proses glyserolisis adalah rasio glyserol: minyak, konversi tertinggi 0,785. Hasil gliserolisis adalah MDG, selanjutnya dietoksilasi untuk mendapatkan surfaktan (POE-MDG). Proses etoksilasi MDG menggunakan katalis MgO, dengan memvariasi perbandingan MDG : polietilen glikol (PEG). Berdasarkan analisa Forrier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) memberikan puncak baru pada 1743,65 cm-1 yang menunjukkan pembentukan ikatan C-O-O. Analisis dengan kolom kromatografi memberikan hasil polyoxyethylen (POE) tertinggi 9,20 % pada rasio MDG : PEG = 4, waktu reaksi 120 menit, temperatur 1600C, kecepatan pengadukan 400 rpm, konsentrasi katalis 2%. Hasil uji kestabilan emulsi menunjukkan bahwa surfaktan POE-MDG mempunyai efek emulsifier

The Effect of Acid Concentration (H2SO4) on the Yield and Functional Group during Lignin Isolation of Biomass Waste Pulp and Paper Industry Slamet Priyanto; Anansya Putri Intan; Bambang Rianto; Tutuk Djoko Kusworo; Bambang Pramudono; Edi Untoro; Puspa Ratu
Reaktor Volume 19 No. 4 December 2019
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Declining oil production in Indonesia lately has been much discussed by industrial practitioners, especially from the petroleum industry. The decrease is due to the age of old drilling wells with high water cut (> 90%), so it is necessary to pursue a production method that can increase the production of these old wells. The EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) method is one way of extracting oil from oil wells that cannot be further retrieved by injecting materials that are not in the reservoir. One ingredient that can be injected is Sodium Ligno Sulfonate (SLS) surfactant derived from lignin. Lignin was obtained from the lignin isolation process from Black Liquor, which in this study came from the pulp and paper mill waste of PT. Indah Kiat, Pekanbaru, Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in H2SO4 concentrations (concentrations of 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% w/w) on the yield of lignin isolation results, and to compare the functional groups between dirty lignin, clean lignin, and pure lignin using FT-IR. Based on the research results, it was found that the best lignin is lignin with an H2SO4 concentration of 20%, with the highest yield and the color of lignin produced tends to be similar to pure lignin. In addition, it was found that the peak of the net lignin group had more similarity with commercial lignin compared to crude lignin. Keywords: Lignin, Black Liquor, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), FTIR

Synthesis of Surfactant Tert-Butyl Glycosides from Glucose and Tert-Butanol Harsa Pawignya; Tutuk Djoko Kusworo; Bambang Pramudono
Reaktor Volume 18 No. 4 December 2018
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

In Indonesia, a lot of discarded agricultural waste still contains cellulose (35-50%), the waste can still be hydrolyzed to glucose and then used as raw material in the manufacture of surfactants. Glucose can be reacted with tert-butanol using a para-toluene sulfonic acid catalyst to form tert-butyl glycoside surfactant. The purpose of this study was to study the process conditions influence the variable mole ratio, temperature, and catalyst percent on the yield of tert-butyl glycosides. The results showed that at mole ratio 1:5; temperature 70oC; and the percentage of catalyst 2.5 %, the yield obtained was 98.58 % with tert-butyl glycosides content of 61.2 %. Furthermore, the molecular structure of the surfactant was analyzed using FTIR while surface tension to determine the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value and obtained an HLB value of 4.61 Therefore, tert-butyl glycoside surfactant can be used as an emulsifier in the water-in-oil emulsion system.Keywords: glucose; surfactant; tert-butanol; tert-butyl glycosides

HIDROLISIS ENZIMATIK KITOSAN DENGAN KOMBINASI ENZIM ENDO-GLUCANASE DAN CELLOBIOHYDROLASE Nur Rokhati; Bambang Pramudono; Titik Istirokhatun; Mohammad Sulchan; Dyah Ayu Kresnianingrum; Luthfi Kurnia Dewi
Reaktor Volume 15 No.4 Oktober 2015
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Abstract CHITOSAN ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS USING A COMBINATION OF ENDO-GLUCANASE AND CELLOBIOHYDROLASE. Chitosan is very promising in various fields including medicine, pharmacology, and the food industry. However, the application of this polysaccharide is limited by its high molecular weight resulting in its low solubility in aqueous media. In this respect, the chitosan with shorter chain length, display a reduced viscosity and are soluble in aqueous media at pH values close to neutrality. The aim of this study is the hydrolysis of chitosan to obtain a low molecular weight chitosan using enzymes endo-glucanase and cellobiohydrolase. The hydrolysis of chitosan was carried out under a temperature of 40° C and pH 5. Chitosan degradation was monitored by the analysis of reducing sugars and viscosity, whereas the chemical characterization of chitosan is done by using test FTIR (infrared spectroscopy). The results showed that enzyme treatment resulted in a substantial loss in viscosity of the chitosan solution shows depolymerization. Depolymerization using endo-glucanase took place very quickly during the initial 15 minutes. The rate of viscosity decrease on chitosan degradation using cellobiohydrolase is lower than using endo-glucanase. When the reaction time was 4 h, the lowest viscosity is showed by cellobiohydrolase, and the highest solubility is showed by combination of endo-glucanase and cellobiohydrolase. Keywords: endo-glucanase; cellobiohydrolase; chitosan; hydrolysis Abstrak Kitosan dapat dimanfaatkan di berbagai bidang seperti kedokteran, farmasi dan industri makanan. Aplikasi kitosan sering dibatasi oleh berat molekul kitosan yang tinggi sehingga viskositasnya tinggi dan kelarutannya rendah. Kitosan dengan rantai polimer pendek, akan mempunyai viskositas rendah, dan mudah larut pada larutan/air dengan pH mendekati netral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghidrolisis kitosan secara enzimatis menggunakan enzim endo-glucanase dan cellobiohydrolase. Hidrolisis kitosan dilakukan pada suhu 40 °C dan pH 5. Degradasi kitosan dipantau melalui analisa gula reduksi dan viskositas, sedangkan karakterisasi kimia kitosan dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji FTIR (infra red spectroscopy). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hidrolisis enzimatis kitosan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan berat molekul yang ditandai dengan adanya penurunan viscositas larutan kitosan. Pada 15 menit awal hidrolisis terjadi penurunan viskositas yang sangat besar. Laju penurunan viskositas enzim cellobiohydrolase lebih rendah dibanding dengan enzime endo-glucanase. Setelah waktu reaksi 4 jam, viskositas terendah diperoleh pada enzime cellobiohydrolase, sedangkan kelarutan tertinggi diperoleh pada kombinasi enzime endo-glucanase dan cellobiohydrolase. Kata kunci: endo-glucanase; cellobiohydrolase; kitosan; hidrolisis

EKSTRAKSI OLEORESIN DARI KAYU MANIS BERBANTU ULTRASONIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT ALKOHOL Bakti Jos; Bambang Pramudono; Aprianto Aprianto
Reaktor Volume 13, Nomor 4, Desember 2011
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

ULTRASOUND ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF CINNAMON OLEORESIN FROM CINNAMON BARK USING ALCOHOLS AS SOLVENTS. Cinnamon oleoresin is a complex mixture of resin and essential oil extracted from cinnamon burmanii by using organic solvent, and is primarily used as a coloring and flavoring in food products. Major component in essential oil is cinnamic aldehyde. Extraction was usually performed by percolation or soxhlet with various solvents. Several studies on the extraction of oleoresin have been completed by using polar organic solvents. Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) solvents, which are safe to use in food, were considered as alternative extraction solvents. Hildebrand solubility parameter concept was also used to choose the solvent. In this research, oleoresin from cinnamon was extracted by using ultrasound assisted extraction. Methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol were used as the solvent to determine the extraction time, extraction rate and the kinetic model correspond to the yield of oleoresin. The result showed that the optimal time and extraction intensity are 66 minutes and 20% respectively, oleoresin yield by using solvent extraction of methanol, ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol were 22.86%, 17.87%, and 14.64% respectively. The results were similar compared to conventional extraction. Kinetic study confirmed that the second-order kinetic model is suitable for this research and the extraction rate constant for the second-order kinetic model of these solvents were 0.098, 0.057, and 0.089 respectively. Abstrak Oleoresin kayu manis merupakan campuran komplek antara resin dan minyak atsiri sebagai hasil ekstraksi kayu manis dengan menggunakan pelarut organik. Oleoresin banyak digunakan sebagai pewarna dan flavor dalam industri makanan. Komponen utama dalam minyak atsiri kayu manis adalah cinnamic aldehyde. Pada umumnya ekstraksi kayu manis menggunakan cara perkolasi atau soxhlet dengan berbagai pelarut. Beberapa studi ekstraksi oleoresin yang telah dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pelarut polar lebih baik dibandingkan pelarut non polar. Pemilihan pelarut yang digunakan untuk ekstraksi harus mempertimbangkan pelarut GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) dan juga parameter kelarutan Hildebrand. Penelitian ini menggunakan metanol, etanol, dan isopropil alkohol sebagai pelarut untuk mengekstraksi oleoresin dari kayu manis yang menggunakan ultrasonik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan pengaruh waktu dan intensitas ekstraksi berbantu ultrasonik dan juga menentukan model laju ekstraksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu optimal dan intensitas optimal masing-masing adalah 66 menit dan 20%, sedangkan kadar oleoresin yang dihasilkan dengan pelarut metanol, etanol, dan isopropil alkohol berturut-turut sebesar 22,86%, 17,87%, dan 14,64%, dimana hasil ini relatif sama dengan hasil ekstraksi dengan menggunakan metode konvensional. Studi kinetika menunjukkan bahwa model laju ekstraksi orde dua lebih sesuai untuk penelitian ini dan dari hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai konstanta laju ekstraksi, k berturut-turut 0,098; 0,057; dan 0,089

EKSTRAKSI KONTINYU DENGAN SIMULASI BATCH TIGA TAHAP ALIRAN LAWAN ARAH: PENGAMBILAN MINYAK BIJI ALPUKAT MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT N-HEXANE DAN ISO PROPIL ALKOHOL Bambang Pramudono; Septian Ardi Widioko; Wawan Rustyawan
Reaktor Volume 12, Nomor 1, Juni 2008
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji rendemen dan selektivitas dari ekstraksi biji alpukat dengan pelarut n-hexane dan isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan sistem kontinyu simulasi batch bertahap tiga aliran lawan arah pada temperatur 82 oC (untuk pelarut n- hexane) dan 69 oC (untuk pelarut IPA), selama 2 jam dengan perbandingan bahan dan pelarut sebesar 20 gr/250 gr. Rendemen yang diperoleh pada penggunaan n-hexane dan IPA sebesar 18,69 % dan 17,87 %. Kedua minyak yang dihasilkan baik dari penggunaan n-hexane maupun IPA memenuhi spesifikasi minyak biji alpukat. Dari besarnya rendemen yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa secara kuantitatif pelarut n-hexane lebih baik daripada IPA, tetapi dari segi kualitatif (kandungan impuritas) pelarut IPA lebih baik daripada n-hexane.

KARAKTERISASI FILM KOMPOSIT ALGINAT DAN KITOSAN Nur Rokhati; Bambang Pramudono; Nyoman Widiasa; Heru Susanto
Reaktor Volume 14, Nomor 2, Oktober 2012
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

CHARACTERIZATION OF ALGINATE AND CHITOSAN COMPOSITE FILM. Due to the specific characteristics of (thin) films, the use of polymer films in various aplications has singnificantly increased. Alginate and chitosan are natural polymers, which have potential as a raw material for the manufacture of composite films. This paper presents the preparation and characterization of alginate, chitosan and chitosan-alginate composite films. The film characterization included permeability test, degree of swelling, mechanical property, morphology (by SEM), and surface chemistry (by FTIR). The results showed that alginate films have a higher permeability and degree of swelling (DS) than chitosan films. Both permeability and DS decreased with increasing concentration for both alginate and chitosan films. DS experiments showed that the films have the highest DS in water followed by ethanol 95% and ethanol >99.9%, respectively. The mechanical strength of chitosan films was larger than alginate films. Alginate-chitosan composite films prepared by layer by layer method showed better characteristics than the composite films prepared by blending of alginate and chitosan solutions. Meningkatnya aplikasi film polimer di berbagai industri tidak terlepas dari keunggulan yang dimiliki. Alginat dan kitosan merupakan polimer alam yang mempunyai potensi sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan film komposit. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pembuatan dan karakterisasi film komposit berbasis alginat dan kitosan. Karakterisasi film yang dilakukan meliputi uji: permeabilitas, derajat swelling, mekanik, morfologi (dengan SEM), dan struktur kimia permukaan (dengan FTIR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa film alginat mempunyai nilai permeabilitas maupun derajat swelling yang lebih tinggi dibanding dengan film kitosan. Baik pada kitosan maupun alginat memberikan fenomena bahwa semakin besar konsentrasi larutan maka semakin kecil nilai permeabilitas maupun derajat swelling, dengan derajat swelling terhadap air adalah yang paling besar kemudian diikuti oleh ethanol teknis (± 95%) dan yang terkecil adalah ethanol PA (> 99,9%). Kekuatan mekanik film kitosan lebih besar dibanding dengan film alginat. Film komposit alginat-kitosan yang dibuat dengan metode layer by layer memberikan karakteristik yang lebih baik dibanding dengan film komposit yang dibuat dengan pencampuran larutan alginat dan larutan kitosan.

PENINGKATAN YIELD BIODISEL DARI MINYAK BIJI NYAMPLUNG MELALUI TRANSESTERIFIKASI DUA TAHAP Antonius Prihanto; Bambang Pramudono; Herry Santosa
JURNAL ILMIAH MOMENTUM Vol 9, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36499/jim.v9i2.927

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang peningkatan yield biodisel dari minyak biji nyamplung melalui transesterifikasi dua tahap. Transesterifikasi dua tahap digunakan untuk menggeser reaksi ke arah kanan, sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan yield biodisel. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh rasio molar metanol-minyak, pengaruh suhu dan pengaruh konsentrasi katalis terhadap yield biodisel dari minyak nyamplung. Perlakuan pendahuluan untuk pemurnian bahan baku yang dilakukan meliputi proses degumming, esterifikasi dan netralisasi. Transesterifikasi dua tahap dilakukan dengan menggunakan variasi rasio molar metanol-minyak (6:1; 7:1; 8:1; 9:1; 10:1), suhu (30 oC, 40 oC, 50 oC, 60 oC, 70 oC) dan konsentrasi katalis KOH (1 %, 1,25 %, 1,5 %, 1,75 %, 2,0 %). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio molar metanol-minyak, suhu dan konsentrasi katalis berpengaruh terhadap yield biodisel. Pada rasio molar metanol-minyak 8:1, suhu 60 oC dan konsentrasi katalis KOH 1,25 % memberikan yield biodisel maksimal sebesar 92,98 %. Sebagian besar parameter biodisel dari kondisi terbaik yang diuji telah memenuhi standar SNI 04-7182-2006. Transesterifikasi dua tahap dapat meningkatkan yield biodisel dari minyak nyamplung, walaupun tidak begitu besar.Kata kunci : yield biodisel, nyamplung (Callophyllum inophyllum), transesterifikasi dua tahap

Co-Authors Anansya Putri Intan Andita Rusliawan Anggara Eka Permana Antonius Prihanto Aprianto Aprianto Arnold Yonathan Arnold Yonathan Avianda Rusba Prasetya Avianda Rusba Prasetya Bakti Jos Bambang Rianto Buanasari Buanasari, Buanasari Dina Mukti Wijayanti Dyah Ayu Kresnianingrum Edi Untoro Ery Fatarina Purwaningtyas Harsa Pawignya Harsa Pawignya Harsa Pawignya Herry Santosa Heru Susanto I Nyoman Widiasa I. Istadi Kaunaini Chusna Luthfi Kurnia Dewi Mohammad Sulchan Mohammad Sulchan Nely Fatwatun R. Nur Rokhati Puspa Ratu Septian Ardi Widioko Slamet Priyanto Suherman Suherman Suryo Tetuko Titik Istirokhatun Tutuk Djoko Kusworo Wawan Rustyawan

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