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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 60   61   62   63   64 
Determination of Proximate Composition of Local Corn Cultivar from Kisar Island, Southwest Maluku Regency Hermalina Sinay; Nunung Harijati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 3 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i3.30527

Abstract

As a staple food, which consumed by many peoples in almost all places world wide, corn (Zea mays L.) has become very important. As well as in Indonesia, especially in Kisar Island, Southwest Maluku regency, corn already be the one of the most important food crops. The purpose of this study was to determine proximate content of local corn kernels from Kisar Island Maluku. Proximate analysis included content of water, fat, protein, ash, crude fiber, total carbohydrate and total sugar. Data collected are presented in form of table and analyzed descriptively. The data obtained were compared to the Indonesian national standard (SNI) of proximate content for corn kernels as well as to other results that have been reported by several researchers. The results of seven local corn cultivars from Kisar Island were in accordance with SNI standards about content of ash (1.13-2.04%), protein (9.14-13.02%), crude fiber (2.17 - 2.72%), fat (3.47-5.10% ), total carbohydrate (69.7 % -75.74%), and total sugar (58.66% -68.7%). The novelty of this research is to reveal the proximate content of local corn kernels from Kisar Island. This research is expected to be useful as a source of information about the proximate content of local corn seeds, and for instance it can be considered in the utilization and development of local corn in Kisar Island.
Agronomic Performance of Soybean Genotypes in Lowland Paddy Fields under Zero-tillage Condition Mochammad Muchlish Adie; Ayda Krisnawati; Rudi Iswanto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23263

Abstract

In Indonesia, soybean is mostly cultivated in lowland following the yearly planting pattern of paddy – paddy – soybean under zero-tillage condition. The research aim was to evaluate the agronomic performance of several soybean genotypes in lowland paddy fields under zero-tillage condition. A total of 12 soybean genotypes, including the check varieties of Wilis and Anjasmoro, were evaluated in lowland after rice planting in three locations (Klaten, Pasuruan, and Tabanan). A randomized block design with four replications was used in each location. The soybean yield is a complex character which determined by interrelated agronomic characters. The averages seed yield in Klaten, Pasuruan, and Tabanan were 2.97 t/ha, 3.02 t/ha, and 2.68 t/ha, respectively. Two genotypes produced equal yield with Anjasmoro, i.e. AT12-1062 (3.01 t/ha) and AT12-1037 (3.0 t/ha). Anjasmoro variety had the highest 100 seed weight (15.40 g), and only AT12-1035 showed the equal seed weight. The average days to maturity of 12 genotypes was 83 days. In addition to Anjasmoro variety, soybean genotypes AT12-1062 and AT12-1037 (medium maturity and medium seed size) as the new findings form this study were potential to be developed at lowland paddy fields under zero-tillage condition. The availability of the soybean genotypes adaptive to lowland paddy field under zero tillage condition is important to optimize the soybean productivity as well as the income of farmers in Indonesia.
Molecular Characterization of Zinc (Zn) Resistant Bacteria in Banger River, Pekalongan, Indonesia Fitri Arum Sasi; Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum; Anto Budiharjo
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i3.15835

Abstract

Indigenous bacteria are able to remove the metals contamination in environment. This study aimed to assess the resistance of bacterial species to Zinc (Zn) in Banger River, Pekalongan City. The bacteria from three different parts of Banger River were isolated and inoculated in Zn-selective medium. Then, molecular identification to determine the bacteria species was conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by applying forward-reverse 16SrRNA gene primers. The sequences analysis was conducted using MUSCLE and MEGA6. There were seven dominant species that possibly resistant to Zn. Approximately, every isolate could reach more than 95 % from 2000 ppm of Zn in the medium. The higher absorption of Zn was found in Z5 isolate. The seven bacteria species were clustered into nine genera i.e. Klebsiela, Xenorhabdus, Cronobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Shigella and Sporomusa known as Gram Negative bacteria and Clostridium and Bacillus as Gram Positive bacteria. In Gram Positive bacteria, especially Bacillus sp, carboxyl group in peptidoglycan play a role as metal binder. In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is highly anionic component on the outer membrane, able to catch the Zn. Besides that, Enterobacter activates endogen antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The research found there was possible seven novel indigenous bacteria species in Banger that able to remove Zn from the sediment extremely. This finding can be developed as an eco-friendly approach to reduce metals pollution using local microorganisms.
Kajian Kualitatif Kemelimpahan Spesies Burung di Hutan Pegunungan Telaga Bodas, Garut, Jawa Barat Wahyu Widodo
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 7, No 1 (2015): March 2015
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i1.3533

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melengkapi list spesies burung-burung penetap di hutan pegunungan Jawa Barat dan mengkaji secara kualitatif kemelimpahan dari keragamannya di salah satu hulu DAS Citandui, yaitu di hutan Telaga Bodas, Garut, Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian menggunakan TSCs (Time Score Counts), yang dilakukan pada 25-29 April 2014. Sebanyak 51 spesies burung ditemukan di hutan Telaga Bodas. Diantaranya, sepuluh spesies memiliki rata-rata skor kemelimpahan tinggi, yaitu: Collocalia linchi (5.82), Halcyon cyanoventris (4), Pycnonotus aurigaster (3.73), Cacomantis merulinus (3.27), Zosterops palpebrosus (2.91), Orthotomus sutorius (2.82), Tesia superciliaris (2.63), Pycnonotus goiavier (2.55), Lanius schach (2.45) dan Lonchura leucogastroides (2.27). Hasil komparasi indeks kesamaan spesies burung di beberapa DAS Citandui menunjukkan nilai tertinggi terjadi antara komunitas burung di Telaga Bodas vs G. Sawal, yaitu IS=62.3%. Sementara itu, indeks kesamaan spesies burung di G. Telaga Bodas vs G. Geder terendah, yaitu IS=39.25%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tutupan lahan hutan di wilayah hulu DAS Citandui sangat kaya dengan spesies burung, 35 dari 108 spesies burung hanya tersebar terbatas, endemik dan migran di hutan pegunungan Jawa Barat. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan kawasan hutan pegunungan di Jawa Barat diperlukan langkah bijak pemerintah untuk mencegah perambahan dan alih fungsi  hutan menjadi lahan produksi oleh masyarakat, apabila tidak ingin kehilangan fungsinya.The purpose of this research was to compile the list of the resident bird species in the West Java mountain forests and to examine the abundance of their diversities qualitatively in the one of Citandui Riverine Basin, i.e. the Mts.Telaga Bodas forest, Garut, West Java Province. TSCs (Time Score Counts) method was used to record the bird’s abundance during 25 to 29 April, 2014. At least, 51 species of birds were recorded in the Telaga Bodas forests. There were 10 species of birds found more abundant qualitatively, namely: Collocalia linchi (5.82), Halcyon cyanoventris (4), Pycnonotus aurigaster (3.73), Cacomantis merulinus (3.27), Zosterops palpebrosus (2.91), Orthotomus sutorius (2.82), Tesia superciliaris (2.63), Pycnonotus goiavier (2.55), Lanius schach (2.45) andLonchura leucogastroides (2.27). According to the result of similarities index comparation, of birds species (SI), itknown that birds comunities in the Mt.Telaga Bodas vs Mt.Sawal were highest, i.e.. SI=62.3%, and then between Mt.Telaga Bodas vs G.Geder were lowest, i.e.SI=39.25%. The results also showed that the coverage forests in the above of Citandui Riverine Basin were still rich species of birds, and 35 of 108 list species of birds were restricted, endemic and migratory species in the West Java mountain forests. Therefore, a proper management of the West Java mountain forests is needed to prevents encroachment and conversion of forest to production by people, if the government doesn’t want to lose its function.
Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Correlation of Some Agronomical Characters of Soybean Varieties Heru Kuswantoro; Rina Artari; Wiwit Rahajeng; Erliana Ginting; Agus Supeno
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.11014

Abstract

Genetic diversity and inheritance of the traits determine the success of the breeding program. Analysis of genetic variability and heritability assist breeders to decide a strategy and appropriate selection criteria that will be used to repair the desired character. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about genetic diversity, heritability and correlation of nine agronomic characters of soybean varieties. The materials were 16 soybean varieties that arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that days to flowering, number of branches per plant, number of reproductive nodes, number of unfilled pods per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and grain yield revealed broad CVG (Genetic Coeffiecient of Variance), whereas the days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant had a narrow CVG. CVP (Phenotypic Coeffiecient of Variance) value higher than the value of CVG on all the observed characters with a slight difference, except for grain yield. The broad sense heritability varied from low (seed yield), medium (the number of branches, number of reproductive nodes, number of pods and the number of unfilled pods), and high (days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, and weight of 100 seeds). Characters of days to flowering and weight of 100 seeds are effectively used as selection criteria because they had a broad CVG and high heritability. Correlation of all yield components to the seed yield was not significant, and negatively correlated to weight of 100 seeds. Variety with higher plant height tended to have a higher number of branches, reproductive nodes and filled pod per plant.
Confirmation of Tuntun Angin (Elaeocarpus floribundus) Taxonomic Status Using matK and ITS Sequences Dewi Indriyani Roslim; Siti Khumairoh; Herman Herman
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i3.7406

Abstract

Tuntun angin is one of important floodplain plants in and around Kajuik Lake located in Riau Province, Indonesia. Morphological identification shows that the scientific name of this plant is Elaeocarpus floribundus. The study aimed to confirm the taxonomic status of tuntun angin using matK and nuclear intergenic spacer (ITS) sequences. The methods included fresh leaf DNA isolation, polymerase chain reaction, electrophoresis, sequencing, and data analysis using BLASTn program and MEGA software version 6.06 programs. The results showed that the matK sequence (519 bp) of tuntun angin had highest similarity to E. floribundus matK sequence that was available in GenBank. It was supported by the high max score (937), low E-value (0.0), high identity value (100%), and high query cover (100%). However, the ITS sequence of tuntun angin did not show similarity to E. floribundus ITS sequence because there was no database of the sequence in GenBank. This study was able to confirm the taxonomic status of tuntun angin as E. floribundus using matK sequence and also showed that morphological and molecular identification techniques were complementary to each other. Moreover, this study enriched the DNA sequence database of E. floribundus in GenBank which will be useful for this species’ molecular identification.How to CiteRoslim, D. I., Khumairoh, S. Herman, H. (2016). Confirmation of Tuntun Angin (Elaeocarpus floribundus) Taxonomic Status Using matK and ITS Sequences. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(3), 393-400. 
Indigenous Trichoderma harzianum as Biocontrol toward Blight Late Disease and Biomodulator in Potato Plant Productivity Susiana Purwantisari; Harum Sitepu; Isworo Rukmi; Arina Tri Lunggani; Kadarwati Budihardjo
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i1.26706

Abstract

Indigenous Trichoderma has widely used in late-blight epidemic areas in Magelang, Indonesia as biocontrol and biomodulator. But it application still lacks of scientific proof, even though it is potently to be developed. Therefore, this study aims to identify and evaluate indigenous Trichoderma application in eradicating late blight and increase productivity. This research was an experimental posttest-only using six experimental plots, with P0 plot with no treatment. The solution was made by dissolve indigenous Trichoderma solid-starter into water (m/v), then used for treatment. The treatment plots including: two groups of sprayed-only plots with doses of 100 g/ 10 L of solution for P1 and 150 g/ 10 L of solution for P2; and two group treated with sprayed-poured method using doses of 100 g/ 10 L of solution for P3 and 150 g/ 10 L of solution for P4. The positive control group was P5 group, treated using chemical pesticides and tuber booster. The microscopic identification revealed that the local bioagent was Trichoderma harzianum species. Application of T. harzianum in P4 was significantly increased the productivity. However, it was not effective in increasing growth, but able to reduce the intensity of late blight disease. The research revealed that native Trichoderma is able to be used as anti-infectious agent and potentially improve the quality of potato plants. In the future, this research may worthwhile for farmers to develop and produce trustworthy and proven Trichoderma-based biocontrol and help them increase the potato production economically.
The Effect of Aloe Vera Peel Extract on Histopathology of Rat Pancreas Induced by Alloxan R Susanti; Eka Setiadi; Endah Peniati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.20896

Abstract

The Extract of Aloe Vera Peel (EAVP) contains bioactive compounds (flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenolics) that it thought to improve pancreas histopatology on rat with diabetes mellitus, therefore it has potential for diabetes mellitus treatment. This research aimed to figure out the effect of EAVP on improving the histopathology of rat pancreas induced by alloxan. This research was an experimental study using a completely randomized design with a randomized post-test design. A total of 25 rats were divided into 5 groups: C(-) was a normal group, fed and drinking standard; C(+) was positive control group, induced by alloxan 120 mg/kgBW; PI, PII and PIII were groups that were induced by alloxan 120 mg/kgBW and were given a full-dose of EAVP of 87.5, 175 and 350 mg/kgBW respectively. The data was assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney statistical analysis. The results of the statistical test showed that the histopathology of rat pancreas of the C(+) group were significantly different compared with the treatment group. Meanwhile, the representation of histopathology of pancreas between PIII and C(-) were not significantly different. It can be concluded that treating hyperglycemia rats with the EAVP for 28 days can improve the representation of histopathology of rat pancreas. At the laboratory level, EAVP has been shown to repair rat pancreatic damage. With this result, Aloe vera has the potential to be developed as a phytopharmaca for the prevention or treatment of diabetes mellitus.
The Potential of Microbial Symbionts Macrotermes gilvus Hagen Termite Gut as Degrading Agents of Cellulose in Bioethanol Production Dewi Susilowati; Niken Subekti; Siti Harnina Bintari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14965

Abstract

Water hyacinth is a potential feedstock for bioethanol production because of their high cellulose. The microbial symbionts of the Macrotermes gilvus termite’s gut have a high endoglucanase enzyme activity. This research was aimed to analyze the pH, temperature and agitation effects towards cell density, endoglucanase enzyme activity and reducing sugar, and to determine the effective optimum condition that can produce maximum reducing sugar. This research used central composite design (CCD) with the total number of run was . The independent variables were including pH (5.9, 6.4, 7.0, 7.6, 8.0), temperature (30 0C, 33 0C, 37 0C, 41 0C, 44 0C) and agitation (90 rpm,114 rpm, 150 rpm,185 rpm, 210 rpm), with six replications at central points. Parameters measured were cell density, endoglukanase enzyme activity and reducing sugar, thus analyzed by the statistical software package MINITAB 18.0. The Student’s t-test result showed the primary sequence influencing cell density as pH ˃ agitation ˃ temperature and towards endoglucanase enzyme activity and reducing sugar as pH ˃ temperature ˃ agitation, P ˂ 0.05. The maximum reducing sugar (60.13 ± 3.16 mmolL-1) was obtained at pH 6.95, temperature 37 0C and agitation 150 rpm. The results of this research can be used to explore the more potential microbial symbionts of the Macrotermes gilvus Hagen termite’s gut.
KADAR VITAMIN DAN MINERAL DALAM BUAH SEGAR DAN MANISAN BASAH KARIKA DIENG (Carica pubescens Lenne&K.Koch) Enni Suwarsi Rahayu; Putik Pribadi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2273

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk membandingkan kadar vitamin A, vitamin C, fosfor, besi, dan kalsium dalam buah segar dan manisan basah Carica pubescens Lenne K. Koch (karika dieng) serta menentukan waktu perebusan optimal dalam proses pembuatan manisan karika yang tidak menurunkan kadar vitamin C secara signifikan. Kadar vitamin C dianalisis menggunakan titrasi yodium yacobs, kadar vitamin A diukur dengan spektronik-20, dan kadar mineral diukur dengan AAS. Data kadar vitamin dan mineral dianalisis menggunakan t-test, sedangkan waktu perebusan optimal dianalisis menggunakan Anava dan uji beda nyata terkecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar vitamin A, vitamin C, fosfor, besi, dan kalsium pada lima merk manisan karika lebih kecil dibandingkan dalam buah karika segar. Waktu perebusan optimal adalah 10 menit.The study was aimed to compare the levels of vitamin A, vitamin C and the minerals i.e. phosphorus, iron and calcium in sweet preserved and fresh fruit of Dieng mountain papaya Carica pubescens Lenne K. Koch, and to determine the optimal boiling duration of the fruit in order to determine the preserved fruit processing technique. The level of vitamin C was analyzed using Jacob’s iodine titration, the level of vitamin A was analyzed using Spectronic 20, and the minerals were analyzed using AAS. The data of the contents of vitamins and minerals in sweet preserved and fresh fruit were analyzed using t-test, whereas the data of the optimum boiling time was analyzed using Anova and a least significant difference test. The results showed that the levels of vitamin A and vitamin C and minerals P, Fe and Ca at 5 brands of sweet preserved carica were lower than in carica fresh fruit. The optimum boiling time was 10 minutes to obtain the high vitaim C content.

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