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Ervin Nurhayati
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Purifikasi
Published by Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
ISSN : 14113465     EISSN : 25983806     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science
Jurnal Purifikasi was published since January 2000 by Division of Journal Purifikasi Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environment and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya in collaboration with the Association of Indonesian Sanitary and Environmental Techniques (IATPI) East Java. Jurnal Purifikasi is published twice a year in July and December, covers topics on technology and management related to environmental engineering field.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 385 Documents
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APAKAH BREAKPOINT CHLORINATION SELALU APLIKATIF UNTUK MENGOLAH LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH SAKIT? Maya Shovitri
Purifikasi Vol 12 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v12.i2.207

Abstract

Chlorination is one of the wastewater treatment techniques are often used to kill pathogenic coliform bacteria in hospital wastewater treatment. However, the application of chlorine was positively correlated with the formation of toxic organohalogen compounds. Therefore, chlorine application should be based on the calculation of breakpoint chlorination (BPC) for environmental protection. By using wastewater samples from a hospital that use 5 mg/L chlorination dose, this study was conducted for determining the chlorination applicability at BPC. BPC point was determined by iodometric titration method and potassium permanganate. Based on the titration of potassium permanganate, wastewater samples containing organic materials of 39.79 mg/L, the active chlorine doses were tested at 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65 mg/L. At all incubation periods of 0, 15, 30 and 45 minutes the BPC occurs at similar concentration of 55 mg/L. The dose was able to reduce coliform bacteria concentrations from 106 cells/100 mL to 200 cells/100 mL. If chlorination was only considered as a desinfectant, chlorination at BPC was questionable, because at 10 mg/L the coliform bacteria concentration could be reduced to 200 ml. In addition, the application of 55 mg/L chlorination left residual chlorine of 43 mg/L in average into the environment. This residual chlorine concentration was relatively high when compared to the real application (residual chlorine of 5 mg/L), although in this chlorine concentration the residual chlorine left coliforms of 105 ml cells/100 mL.
STRATEGI KERUANGAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKSES MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN TAMBAKJATI KABUPATEN SUBANG TERHADAP AIR BERSIH Sri Maryati
Purifikasi Vol 12 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v12.i2.208

Abstract

Tambakjati Subdistrict is located in Subang District and is one area that has a problem in the provision of drinking water. There are a number of water resources in Tambakjati Village, but the local people do not have good access to reach. This limitation is due to the high costs for investment and operations, while the economic capacity of local communities is very low. Therefore, it needs the intervention of local governments to provide clean water, which is accessible to the entire community. However, provision of clean water can still be pursued for cost recovery. Therefore, it needs a number of strategies to adjust the cost for supplying drinking water with a willingness to pay from the community. This study will analyze a number of spatial strategies in the provision of clean water in Tambakjati Village to adjust to the cost of supplying drinking water to the willingness to pay from the community.
OPTIMASI DISTRIBUSI AIR MINUM PDAM MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN FUZZY INTEGER TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM Imam Suprayogi
Purifikasi Vol 12 No 1 (2011): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v12.i1.209

Abstract

The objective of this research was to develop an optimum model of water supply company distribution in Jogyakarta. Optimation was conducted to meet the need of water supply distribution from reservoirs to the service areas, so that the economical cost could be identified. This research used fuzzy integer transportation problem (FITP) model in the optimation process of water supply company distribution from Gemawang, Gedong Kuning, and Tegalrejo reservoir to service areas in North, South, East, and West Jogyakarta. This approach used transport models with Lingo program package version 8.0. Secondary data from Water Supply Company of Jogyakarta, which comprised reservoir capacity, amount of clean water needs of service area, and operating costs in each service area, were used. The results showed that the optimum water supply distribution cost was Rp. 1.591.320,00. The optimum distributions of water supply were 15.000 L from the Gemawang’s reservoir, 19.500 L from Gedong Kuning’s reservoir, and 17.500 L from Tegalrejo reservoir. Therefore, the cost was Rp.1.591.320, which was cheaper than the current cost of the Water Supply Company of Jogyakarta, which was Rp.1.600.000,00.
EFISIENSI PEMISAHAN MIKROALGA DARI MEDIA TUMBUH LIMBAH CAIR AGROINDUSTRI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KOAGULASI/FLOKULASI Suprihatin Suprihatin
Purifikasi Vol 12 No 1 (2011): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v12.i1.211

Abstract

Pemanenan mikroalga merupakan faktor penting dalam produksi alga karena menentukan biaya produksi. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi efisiensi pemisahan mikroalga dari air limbah agroindustri oleh koagulasi kimia/flokulasi. Efisiensi penggunaan alumuniumtrisulphate (tawas) dan polyaluminiumchloride (PAC) untuk koagulasi/flokulasi proses dievaluasi dalam serangkaian jartest untuk pemisahan mikroalga tumbuh di rumah buatan dan air limbah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mikroalga dapat dipisahkan dari air limbah secara efisien dengan metode flokulasi/koagulasi. Efisiensi pemisahan bergantung pada jenis dan dosis koagulan dan karakteristik media di mana mikroalga ditumbuhkan. Sekitar 400 g/L tawas atau 200 mg/L PAC dapat menghasilkan pemisahan optimum mikroalga yang tumbuh di rumah jagal pada air limbah. Sedangkan untuk pemisahan mikroalga tumbuh dalam air limbah buatan diperlukan dosis tawas relatif lebih tinggi dari dosis 600 mg / L atau PAC dari 400 mg / L. Nilai-nilai kekeruhan, warna, dan total padatan tersuspensi dalam efluen sangat rendah. Hal ini menyebabkan kemungkinan daur ulang limbah untuk digunakan kembali.
BIOREMEDIASI LAHAN TERCEMAR MINYAK TANAH DENGAN METODA BIOPILE Novirina Hendrasarie
Purifikasi Vol 12 No 1 (2011): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v12.i1.212

Abstract

Biopile adalah salah satu metode bioremediasi dengan cara pengomposan. Timbunan kompos secara umum digunakan sebagai bahan pelonggar untuk meningkatkan porositas dengan memberikan permebealitas udara yang lebih baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menurunkan kandungan kontaminan hidrokarbon dalam tanah dan mengidentifikasi jenis mikroorganisme tanah yang mampu mendegradasi senyawa hidrokarbon dengan teknik biopile menggunakan kompos. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan minyak tanah sebagai senyawa hidrokarbon yang diuji. Sebuah reaktor yang dilengkapi dengan aerator disiapkan untuk proses bioremediasi. Variasi penambahan kompos adalah 15%, 20%, 25%, dan 30% terhadap kuantitas tanah dan komposisi mikroorganisme adalah 8%, 10%, 12%, dan 14%. Kondisi lingkungan yang masih dapat dikontrol adalah pH 6-9, suhu 27-30º C, dan kelembaban tanah 50-75%, dengan suplai udara 2 kPa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penurunan kadar total hidrokarbon yang optimal berlangsung pada variasi 25% kompos dengan 14% mikroorganisme. Efisiensi penyisihan minyak tanah optimum 84,08%. Proses penurunan konsentrasi TPH terjadi secara optimal pada suhu 28-30º C, pH 6,61-6,94, dan kelembaban 48,83-76,58%. Mikroorganisme yang mampu mendegradasi senyawa hidrokarbon yang akan diidentifikasi adalah bakteri Micrococcus (famili Micrococcaceae), keluarga Spirillum (famili Spirillaceae), dan Bacillus (Bacillaceae ).
KAJIAN KEPMEN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP NO. 48 TAHUN 1996 DARI HASIL PENGUKURAN KEBISINGAN LINGKUNGAN TAHUN 2009 Dodi Rusjadi Tatang-Endi
Purifikasi Vol 12 No 1 (2011): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v12.i1.213

Abstract

Pada tahun 1996, Kementerian Negara Lingkungan Hidup mengeluarkan Kepmen No 48 sebagai peraturan untuk mengendalikan kebisingan yang mengganggu kegiatan manusia dan mengancam tingkat kenyamanan dan kesehatan manusia. Tujuan makalah ini adalah untuk meninjau dan mengevaluasi metode waktu sampling yang terlampir pada Kepmen No. 48 dengan menganalisis hasil pengukuran kebisingan per jam di beberapa kota di Indonesia dan untuk mengusulkan sebuah pedoman standar pengukuran. Pengukuran tingkat kebisingan dilakukan dengan dua cara, yaitu cara sederhana dan langsung. Cara sederhana dilakukan oleh 2 orang, seorang untuk melihat waktu dan memberikan aba-aba pembacaan tingkat kebisingan sesaat setiap lima detik dalam waktu pengukuran 10 menit. Orang kedua mencatat pembacaan tingkat tekanan bunyi sesaat dB(A) dari sound level meter (SLM). Cara langsung dilakukan dengan sebuah integrating sound level meter yang mempunyai fasilitas pengukuran LTM5, yaitu Leq dengan waktu ukur setiap 5 detik, dalam waktu pengukuran 10 menit. Hasil perbandingan dua kali perhitungan hasil pengukuran (pertama dengan 24 data, dan kedua dengan menggabungkan 4 data pada siang hari dengan 3 data pada malam hari) menunjukkan bahwa simpangan terbesar adalah 1,8 dB(A) dengan simpangan baku 0,8 dB(A). Nilai ini masih dalam batas toleransi yang diberikan oleh Kepmen LH No 48 yaitu sebesar 3 dB(A).
PENURUNAN EMISI GAS BUANG MOTOR DIESEL KAPAL DENGAN ELEKTROLISIS AIR LAUT I Made Ariana
Purifikasi Vol 12 No 1 (2011): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v12.i1.214

Abstract

This research was aimed to simultaneously reduce exhaust emissions from diesel ship engine. Three emission parameters, which consisted of NOx, SOx and particulate matter (PM), were reduced by spraying the electrolysis product of sea water through a scrubber to the exhaust gas. Dong Feng motor diesel, type R175A, with a maximum power of 6.6 HP and rotation rate of 2600 rpm was used in this test. The motor was operated using Marine Diesel Oil fuel up at 2400 rpm in various power loads. Loading was done by an electric generator, which was connected with an electric lamp panel. The loading power was varied at 500, 1500, and 2500 watts. Exhaust gas flow rates into the scrubber were also varied by exhaust pipe valve adjustment. The variations were made 100% and 75% of exhaust gas flow rate to the scrubber. Measurements of pH value and exhaust gas emissions were done near the inlet and the outlet points of the scrubber. Measurements of pH values were carried out near the anode and cathode in order to determine the formation of acid and alkaline solutions to be sprayed into the scrubber. The concentrations of NOx, SOx, and PM were measured at various load variations. Sea water electrolysis produced acid and base, which affected the pH values to change from 5 to 12. This method could reduce NOx, SOx, and PM concentrations up to 76%, 75%, and 42% respectively.
KAJIAN EKSPERIMENTAL PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BAHAN BAKAR CAMPURAN BIOETANOL-BENSIN TERHADAP KINERJA DAN EMISI GAS BUANG MOTOR BENSIN STANDAR 4 LANGKAH TIPE 4 K Joko Sarsetiyanto
Purifikasi Vol 12 No 1 (2011): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v12.i1.215

Abstract

Perkembangan jumlah kendaraan bermesin bensin dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan yang pesat. Hal ini mengakibatkan jumlah gas buangnya juga meningkat sehingga berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan dan kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengurangi kadar gas buang yang bersifat toksik tersebut. Di sisi lain dengan semakin menipisnya cadangan minyak bumi Indonesia, maka peranan bahan bakar terbarui seperti bioetanol harus semakin ditingkatkan. Sebagai satu alternatif pemecahan masalah tersebut dilakukan penelitian eksperimental tentang campuran bioetanol-bensin yang digunakan sebagai bahan bakar pada motor bensin standar 4 langkah tipe 4K. Kegiatan utama penelitian adalah menganalisis kinerja mesin dan emisi gas buang yang diuji. Campuran bioetanol dalam bahan bakar uji divariasikan dari 0 hingga 25%. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan bahan bakar campuran bioetanol-bensin berdampak positif baik terhadap kinerja maupun emisi gas buang mesin terutama pada putaran jelajah (2500-3000 rpm). Pada putaran 2500 rpm emisi gas buang paling baik terjadi pada campuran 25% etanol, yaitu dengan kadar CO = 1,21%; CO2 = 12,20%; HC = 227 ppm; O2 = 3,60%, dan kinerja mesin (BHP) 44,4 hp; torsi (T) sebesar 126,6 kg-m; konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik (BSFC) sebesar 0,23 kg/hp-jam; dan efisiensi termal (hth) sebesar 35%. Sedangkan emisi gas buang terburuk terjadi pada penggunaan bahan bakar bensin tanpa etanol, yaitu CO = 2,20%; CO2 = 11,70%; HC = 277 ppm; O2 = 1,07% dengan kinerja mesin BHP sebesar 45,4 hp, T sebesar 129,5 kg-m, BSFC sebesar 0,255 kg/hp-jam, dan hth sebesar 30%.
KINERJA BENTONIT TERINTERKALASI HDTMA DAN KOMPOSIT BENTONIT KITOSAN SEBAGAI ADSORBEN UNTUK FENOL DAN METILEN BIRU Yunus Fransiscus
Purifikasi Vol 12 No 1 (2011): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v12.i1.216

Abstract

A series of modification process to bentonite was done to obtain HDTMA intercalated bentonite and bentonite-chitosan composites. These two materials were applied as adsorbent for methylene blue and phenol removal. Suspension of 1% HDTMA-Cl surfactant and bentonite was made from bentonite/water ratio of 20g/100mL, with pH adjustment, warming, precipitation, and washing processes. About 5 g of bentonite was mixed with 1% v/v acetic acid and deacetilated chitosan. After being stirred within 12 hours, the solution was washed, filtered, and dried. Phenol and methylene blue adsorbates were prepared as stock solution. The required concentrations were prepared by diluting the mother liquors with aquadest. The experiment was conducted in batch system using OMNIFIT adsorption column. The solution was recirculated from the adsorption column to the reservoir tank. The feeding flow rate and the amount of adsorbent were set constant at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Initial concentrations of phenol and methylene blue were varied from 10 to 250 mg/L. Sampling was done every 5 minutes in the first 30 minutes, and continued every 15 minutes, until the system reached equilibrium state. Sample analyses were carried out by using UV-spectrophotometer. The results showed that the bentonite-chitosan composite had higher phenol and methylene blue adsorption capacity than that of the HDTMA intercalated bentonite. The adsorption capacities of bentonite-chitosan composites were 65 mg/g and 95 mg/g for phenol and methylene blue respectively. Whereas, HDTMA intercalated bentonite showed adsorption capacities of 35 mg/g for phenol and 38 mg/g for methylene blue. Freundlich model was most appropriate with the obtained data. This model explained that interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate were mainly influenced by physical reaction.
PEMILIHAN TEKNOLOGI PENGOMPOSAN SAMPAH KOTA DENGAN PENDEKATAN ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS Mochammad Chaerul
Purifikasi Vol 12 No 1 (2011): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v12.i1.217

Abstract

Volume timbulan sampah yang meningkat setiap tahun membutuhkan penanganan yang lebih baik, antara lain melalui pengomposan sampah organik yang dominan dalam sampah kota di Indonesia. Penelitan ini menganalisis pemilihan teknologi pengomposan dengan mempertimbangkan kriteria teknis, lingkungan, finansial, dan sosial dari sudut pandang pemerintah, masyarakat, akademisi, dan praktisi pengomposan dengan menggunakan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa walaupun tiap stakeholder memiliki pilihan yang berbeda, berdasarkan penilaian gabungan menunjukkan teknologi pengomposan windrow lebih dipilih daripada teknologi Aerated Static Pile (ASP) Aktif, ASP Pasif, ataupun vermicomposting, dengan bobot masing-masing 0.297, 0.248, 163, dan 0.292 dengan nilai rasio konsistensi 3.3%. Setiap stakeholder memiliki kriteria utama yang berbeda dalam pertimbangan pemilihan teknologi pengomposan.

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