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Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 25277332     EISSN : 26140020     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, publishing original research, review, case reports, and commentaries on all aspects of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy. The journal aims to contribute to the scientific committee by publishing the high quality articles. It is published 3 times a year to provide a forum for pharmacologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking, and a more collaborative approach in pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.
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Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 1 (2024)" : 8 Documents clear
Prospect Study of Anti-inflammatory Activity by Identification of Muntingia calabura Leaf Infusion Permana, Shenny S.S; Yusuf, Muchamad R.A; Putri, Aufa A.D; Sukmayani, Jasmine Y.; Sudrajat, Ratu Z.A.P; Khairinisa, Miski A.; Wahyuni, Indah S.; Rohmawaty, Enny; Bashari, Muhammad H.; Lesmana, Ronny; Rosdianto, Aziiz M.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.49774

Abstract

Many diseases occur due to inflammation that is not handled properly. One of the feature of inflammation is swelling or edema. Inflammation can be handled with traditional medicine, such as Muntingia calabura L. (M. calabura L.) Pharmacologically, this plant extract is reported to have antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial. Metabolite compound contained in M. calabura L. has the potential as an anti-inflammatory agent. The objective of this study is to ascertain the secondary metabolites contained in M. calabura L. leaves infusion. This experimental research method includes the simplicia making and infusion of M. calabura L. leaves by cold infusion and phytochemical screening. This study also showed that the infusion of M. calabura L. leaves contained flavonoids, alkaloids, and triterpenoids. Overall, the findings indicate potential as an anti-inflammatory agent that requires further investigation, specifically in preclinical testing. 
Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in Pediatric Inpatients at one of Bandung Regional Hospitals in August 2023 Maharani, Putri; Wicaksono, Imam A.; Puspita, Falerina; Zainudin, Hijrah M.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.52984

Abstract

Infectious diseases are a major concern in the field of health, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Children are vulnerable to infections because their immune systems are not fully developed. Proper management is necessary for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in pediatric patients. Antibiotics are the primary choice for addressing bacterial infections. However, the increased use of antibiotic can contribute to high levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), rendering infection treatment ineffective. The evaluation of antibiotic use can be conducted through the ATC/DDD method, which focuses on the quantity and types of antibiotics used. Although this method provides a quantitative overview, a qualitative approach using the Gyssens method and interviews with relevant parties is necessary for a more in-depth understanding of the rationality of antibiotic use. This study aims to comprehend the patterns of antibiotic use in pediatric inpatients at one of Bandung Regional Hospitals during August 2023. Using a retrospective observational approach, data were collected and processed using the ATC/DDD method. The evaluation results show that cephalosporins is the most commonly used antibiotic group, with cefotaxime being the dominant antibiotic administered intravenously. Quantitative evaluation indicates variations in DDD/100 patient days among different antibiotics, with ciprofloxacin having the highest value and amikacin the lowest. For a comprehensive understanding, qualitative research using the Gyssens method and interviews is necessary to strengthen the evaluation results of antibiotic use. Ultimately, this study provides a thorough perspective on antibiotic use in pediatric inpatients, supporting efforts to control antimicrobial resistance and promote more judicious antibiotic selection.
Nanoemulsion Formulation as a Drug Delivery System for Coleus atropurpureus Bioactive Compounds Oktavioni, Marsella; Natasya, Dian; Yusnaidar, Yusnaidar; Latief, Madyawati; Tarigan, Indra L.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.50371

Abstract

Miana plant (Coleus) is a plant with compound flowers. Miana leaves have various bioactive compounds widely used to treat diseases such as fever, cold, cough, headaches, asthma, constipation, and skin diseases. Based on phytochemical screening of Coleus atropurpureus Benth. Several bioactive compounds are produced, such as sterols, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, lactones, catechols, and tannins. Miana leaf extract has been tested for antioxidants using the DPPH method, and the IC50 value obtained from the antioxidant test results is 3.80 ppm and is categorized as a powerful antioxidant. There were four formulations of miana leaf extract nanoemulsion. Based on the characterization on the Miana leaf extract nanoemulsion preparation, formulations with good results were obtained in F1 and F3 with precise results and high transmittance values. In testing the miana leaf extract nanoemulsion, an organoleptic test was carried out on each formulation. It was found that all formulations had a distinctive smell of miana leaves, and no phase separation occurred, with the clarity of F1 and F3 classified as straightforward but F2 and F4 not clear, and the resulting color increased from F1 -F4. Meanwhile, for the physicochemical test, an O/W type nanoemulsion was produced, physically stable, with a particle size of F1 153.9 nm and F3 795.6 nm, with a zeta potential of F1 of 16.4 and F3 of -28.266.
Analysis of Cost-Effectiveness of Antihypertensive Therapy in Hypertension Patients at Al-Ihsan Regional Public Hospital in 2023 Isnaini, Masyitah; Widiarti, Widiah; Khairinisa, Miski A.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.54705

Abstract

Hypertension is a disease that causes an abnormal increase in blood pressure, which causes cardiovascular disease. Long-term hypertension therapy requires large costs. Apart from that, existing antihypertensives are also very varied, so a cost-effectiveness analysis is needed in order to choose medications that balance costs and advantages. This study aims to determine the most economical antihypertensive medication at Al-Ihsan Regional Public Hospital in Baleendah. Based on patient medical records, this study was carried out retrospectively. Therapy data and treatment costs are the basis for the data collection process. The data is processed descriptively. The reduction in blood pressure that meets the target and the length of stay (LOS) is used to determine how effective the therapy was; the ACER and ICER values are used to determine how cost-effective the procedure was. According to the research findings, the average total cost of group A (ACEI with CCB) is IDR 2,311,000.00, whereas group B (ARB with CCB) is IDR 2,888,823.00. The efficacy of group A (ACEI with CCB) was 83.3%, while group B (ARB with CCB) was 52.4%. The findings showed that among inpatient hypertension patients at Al-Ihsan Regional Public Hospital, group A (ACEI with CCB) was more cost-effective, with an Average Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ACER) value of IDR 27,743,097, than group B (ARB with CCB ACER value of IDR 55,130,209). Based on this study, therapy of group A (ACEI with CCB) offers excellent therapeutic efficacy at a reduced cost. Hospitals are expected to have the ability to handle their spending on hypertension medications appropriately and efficiently.
Adverse Events of Bedaquiline Drug Use in the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Patients: A Review Artcile Nihlah, Nabilah A.; Almattin, Bilqis N.; Wicaksono, Imam A.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.52762

Abstract

Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) is any unfavorable and unexpected drug response in patients dosed for prevention, diagnosis, or therapy. Tuberculosis is a contagious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Multi-drug resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is caused by bacteria that are resistant to the two most powerful first-line anti-TB drugs - isoniazid and rifampicin; cases of resistance to both drugs result in worse treatment outcomes, longer treatment duration, high costs, and various other complications. All medications used to treat MDR TB patients have the potential to cause mild, moderate, and severe side effects, especially Bedaquiline. This article will explain information on drug side effects that occur in patients treated with MDR TB and Bedaquiline. The data was collected and discussed from primary journals through Google Scholar and PubMed online databases. Bedaquiline has the potential to cause side effects such as QT interval prolongation or irregular heart rhythm, cardiac arrhythmia, gastrointestinal disorders, joint and muscle pain, hearing loss, acne, and chest pain. Therefore, treatment of MDR TB with Bedaquiline requires monitoring to ensure patient compliance and early detection of possible side effects to ensure the safety and effectiveness of treatment. 
Modeling Hyperglycemia With Induction Variants In Mice As Preclinical Test Animals Santoso, Setiyo B.; Hapsari, Widarika S.; Putra, Deksa Y.S
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.52119

Abstract

Inducing hyperglycemia in animal models is crucial for preclinical research on anti-diabetic drug development, especially when genetically diabetic test animals are unavailable. Various induction methods have been employed to elevate glycemic levels in test animals. However, there is a lack of substantial literature proving the effectiveness and stability of these induction alternatives. This study aims to compare the stability of glycemic levels and assess histopathological changes in mice induced by dextrose, streptozotocin, and alloxan. Our protocol involved dividing mice into six groups of five, each with a control group. Mice in Groups A and D were exposed to alloxan monohydrate, Groups B and E to streptozotocin, and Groups C and F to dextrose monohydrate, inducing hyperglycemia for nine days following a seven-day acclimatization period. Pancreatic histopathology examination included features such as cytoplasmic vacuolization, fat infiltration, and islet deformation. The study revealed that, compared to dextrose and streptozocin, alloxan demonstrated superior efficacy in inducing and maintaining hyperglycemic stability in mice. However, the histopathological assessment of the pancreas indicated the relatively benign nature of dextrose monohydrate and streptozotocin, with no apparent exacerbation of pancreatic impairment. In contrast, alloxan induced evident islet deformation and cytoplasmic vacuolization. Our findings suggest that, in comparison to alloxan, dextrose monohydrate and streptozotocin are more favorable for inducing hyperglycemia in test animals. They pose a lower risk of significant pancreatic impairment, indicating their potential suitability for modeling type 2 diabetes mellitus due to their stability and relatively benign impact on pancreatic histopathology.
Prescribing Pattern of Corticosteroid in Dermatologic Disorder at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Western Indian Patel, Zankrut J.; Patel, Dhiren; Patel, Jatin; Patel, Sumit
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.51833

Abstract

Based on their potent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties, corticosteroids are essential for treating several skin disorders. Due to their lesser systemic toxicity, topical treatments are recommended. The use of corticosteroids in Indian dermatology practice, however, is not well documented. This study aims to analyze the prescribing patterns of corticosteroids for dermatologic disorders. In the outpatient dermatology department of GCS Hospital, Ahmedabad, a cross-sectional, observational study was conducted for six months, from March 2021 to August 2021. We looked at prevalent skin problems and prescribing patterns in 500 prescriptions. A descriptive statistical analysis was done following the compilation of all the data into Microsoft Office Excel. 169 patients (out of 500) receivedcorticosteroids. There were 53% men and 47% women, respectively. The Papulosquamous illness affected 33% of them. The average number of corticosteroids per prescription was 1.17. Out of 198 prescribed corticosteroids, 163 (82.32%) were topical formulations, and 35 (17.67%) were oral. Among the nine different corticosteroids prescribed, clobetasol was given to 29% of patients. Additionally, 39% of patients received a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of corticosteroids, with clobetasol and salicylic acid being the most commonly used FDC. The average cost of corticosteroids per prescription was 135.18 INR, ranging from 4 INR to 468 INR for 15 days of treatment. The mean cost of corticosteroids was significant compared to other concomitant drugs (P < 0.05). Topical corticosteroids were more commonly prescribed than oral ones, with psoriasis being the most common indication for topical corticosteroids. Clobetasol and mometasone were the most frequently used topical corticosteroids
An Observational Study to Compare the Anti Anginal Efficacy of Ranolazine versus Nicorandil in Ischemic Heart Disease Patients Attending a Tertiary care Hospital in Kolkata Mallick, Arup R.; Saha, Pradip; Sengupta, Ishita; Sengupta, Gairik; Bhattacharya, Paramartha; Dutta, Soumya K.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i1.51841

Abstract

Ischemic Heart disease (IHD) occurs due to an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. In stable IHD, second-line anti-anginal drugs like Ranolazine and Nicorandil are used as add-on therapy with first-line agents like Nitrates and beta-blockers. Our study compared the efficacy of Ranolazine versus Nicorandil utilizing the patient’s responses to the Short Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ7) score. A prospective observational study on stable IHD patients attending the cardiology Outpatient Department (OPD) of IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, with either Ranolazine or Nicorandil as add-on therapy (50 patients in each group). SAQ7 score was recorded at baseline and three follow-up visits (1.5, 3, and 6 months). Adverse effects and the changes in HbA1C levels in diabetic patients among these patients were also compared. There was a significant increase in SAQ7 score in Ranolazine [median (IQR) - 26.50 (25.00 - 29.25) to 32.00 (30.75 - 34.00), p < 0.0001] and also in Nicorandil [median (IQR) - 27.00 (24.00 - 30.00) to 32.50 (31.00 - 34.00), p < 0.0001] group in third follow up visits from baseline. The comparison between the groups didn’t show any significant changes. There were no significant changes in HbA1C levels between the pre and post-treatment period. Adverse effects were more in the Nicorandil group. Both drugs significantly improved IHD patients’ symptom control and were well tolerated. There were no significant differences in the change of HbA1C level in Diabetic patients. However, a larger study is required to decide whether these drugs can be used as a single agent alone.

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