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NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : - EISSN : 26148307 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology is an open access journal that publishes original research across all areas of life sciences in tropical region. The objective of the journal is to disseminate all information across fields of biology as well as to contribute to the understanding and development of life science in the tropics. The topics of research are not only on Indonesian tropical biology but also in other tropical regions of the world.

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Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 3, No. 1, Year 2020" : 7 Documents clear

Isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacteria from Apis mellifera and their potential as antibacterial using in vitro test against growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli Indriana Putri; Siti Nur Jannah; Susiana Purwantisari
NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 3, No. 1, Year 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro

Food spoilage can caused by pathogenic bacteria and can cause disease (food-borne pathogens). Foods that are vulnerable to pathogenic bacteria are foods that contain lots of protein, such as meat, milk and eggs. Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli are commonly found in fresh meat. The solution for the problem is microbiological preservation by using Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). The purpose of this study is to isolate LAB from Apis mellifera honey, find out its characteristics, and test for antibacterial growth of L. monocytogenes and E. coli. LAB have been isolated with pour plate. Morphological characterization have been done by observing the colonies macroscopically and microscopically. LAB have been enumerated by Total Plate Count (TPC). Antibacterial Test have been done by well diffussion method. Experimental design was using Completely Randomized Factorial Design (CRFD). Statistical analysis have been done by univariate test with SPSS 16.0. 1st factor is LAB, 2nd factor is pH of supernatant and 3rd factor is pathogenic bacteria. Total 9 isolates of LAB were obtained from A. mellifera honey. LAB population is 9.6 x 105 CFU/mL. The result of screening LAB antibacterial assay is 2 potential isolates, they are MA 3 and MA 4. The best supernatant of LAB that could inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes and E. coli is MA 3 with average diameters 12,05 mm and 12,07 mm. Pathogenic bacteria that is more sensitive is E. coli, because of the antibacterial compound from LAB is composed by organic acid that can break down the outer membrane and lower the pH, so pathogenic bacterial cannot be adapted to acidic environment.

THE TOOL OF RESISTANCE MONITORING OF PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA, (L.) AND ITS FIELD VALIDATION USING EMAMECTIN BENZOATE AND DIAGNOSTIC CONCENTRATION DETERMINATION Tarwotjo, Udi; Situmorang, Jesmandt; Martono, Edhy; Rahadian, Rully
NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 3, No. 1, Year 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/niche.3.1.50-54

In Indonesia, cabbage pest control is still heavily dependent on the use of insecticides. Although insecticides have many advantages, i.e., reducing the populations of pest quickly, easy to use, and economically advantageous, but it has the negative impact especially the emergence of resistant pest species.The objective of this study are: (1) to monitore the resistance of Plutella xylostella population toward insecticide residues of emamectin benzoate by diagnostic concentration determination, (2) to validate the diagnostic concentration in the field. P. xylostella population were collected from some cabbage farms in Central Java i.e., Bandungan, Sumowono, Cepogo, Kejajar, Kertek, Tawangmangu, Plalar, Puasan, Kaponan, and Keteb.Determination of LC90 was tested using probit analysis. The results showed that five of the eleven tested populations have sensitivity c2 value < c2 table, namely population Selo, Gedongsongo, Gondosuli, Kejajar, and Plalar. The determinated diagnostic concentration is LC90 = 2443.99 ppb with the lowest concentration limits 1213.67 ppb and the highest is 4921.53 ppb, because of the testing results of the sensitivity of all tested populations are still susceptible to emamectin benzoate with mortality > 90% at a concentration of 2000 ppb. The results of validation diagnostic concentration (2443.99 ppb), indicating the mortality percentage caused by eleventh population ranged from 82.76% to 95%, the value of c2 value is smaller than c2 table (df = 1; ? = 0.05) = 3.84. Therefore the diagnostic concentration (ppb 2443.99) is valid for effective monitoring tool for the development of resistance of P. xylostella population. The conventional method to monitor resistance is less sensitive to the resistance emerging occurrence. Therefore, it is necessary to develop monitoring methods which are more sensitive to small changes in the frequency of resistance, by using diagnostic concentration.

Isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacteria from Apis mellifera stomach and their potential as antibacterial using in vitro test against growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium Ana Bila Nadia; Siti Nur Jannah; Susiana Purwantisari
NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 3, No. 1, Year 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro

Food contaminated by pathogenic bacteria is very dangerous to consume especially if the bacteria can produce toxins. Staphylococcus aureus andSalmonella typhimurium are two examples of pathogenic bacteria that cause demage to food because they produce enterotoxins that can cause food poisoning to consumers. The use biological agents as antibacterial agents can be used as a solution to overcome this. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can produce compounds thet can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in food. This study aims to obtain local LAB isolates from the stomach of Apis mellifera in Indonesia and determine their characteristics as potential biopreservatif foods, to test the inhibition of LAB bacteriocin against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium in vitro. The isolation method was carried out using multilevel dilution and streak plates on MRSA media. Morphological identification was carried out macroscopically on BAL and microscopic colonies with gram staining. Antibacterial test using the well method. LAB isolation result obtained eight isolatates. Antibacterial activitytest results for cells, all isolates showed inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium, for further antibacterial testing using 2 potential isolates namely PAM 3 and PAM 4. The two isolates were further tested for antibacterial with cell free supernatant using two treatments namely pH acidic and neutral, both isolates showed antibacterial activity at acidic ph better than neutral ph, wheares for the bacteriosin analysis test all isolates had no inhibition.

Kemampuan memproduksi inulinase isolat khamir hasil isolasi dari Nira Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer L.) dengan variasi konsentrasi Siti Maisaroh; Wijanarka Wijanarka; Agung Suprihadi
NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 3, No. 1, Year 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro

Microbial inulinase is one of the most interesting enzymes, especially the ones produced by yeast. Yeast is commonly found in sugar-containing materials, such as Nira Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer L). Yeast uses simple sugar compounds in foods to obtain its energy. If the nira is stored, the fermentation begins to occur, carried by the natural microorganism of Nira Siwalan which causes sour taste as acetic acid is started to be formed. This condition is ideal for the microorganisms (such as yeast) to grow. This research aims to analyze the impact of the best calcium concentration towards the production of inulinase by indigenous yeast in Nira Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer L). The research was done in biotechnology laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University. The activity of inulinase was determined using DNS method. The research was designed using Randomized Factorial Design with concentration of CaCl2 and incubation time as the factors. The CaCl2 concentration was differentiated into four categories: Ca0, Ca0.5, Ca1.0, and Ca1.5, while the incubation time was differentiated into 5 categories: T0, T4, T8, T12, T16, and T20. Each treatment is repeated three times. After that, the data obtained from the observation analyzed using ANOVA. The result shows that the addition of 0.5 mM CaCl2 with inulinase activity 0.555 IU/mL gives the best result.

Jumlah leukosit, persentase limfosit dan persentase monosit ayam petelur jantan setelah perlakuan penambahan serbuk daun kelor pada pakan Muhammad Anwar Djaelani; Kasiyati Kasiyati; Sunarno Sunarno
NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 3, No. 1, Year 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro

This study aimed to observe the effect of Moringa leaf powder as a feed addition to the number of leukocytes, the percentage of lymphocytes and the percentage of monocytes monocytes in chicken. This study used a Completely Randomized Design consisting of five treatments, one treatment group and four treatment groups with basic feed and basic feed which were added with some levels of Moringa leaf powder. Treatment group P0: Basic feed, without the addition of Moringa leaf powder as a control. Treatment group P1: Basic feed added with 1% Moringa leaf powder. P2 treatment group: Basic feed given 2% Moringa leaf powder. P3 treatment group: Basic feed given with additional Moringa leaf powder 3%. P4 treatment group: Basic feed given 4% Moringa leaf powder. The results showed that Moringa leaf powder as an additional feed did not significantly influence the number of leucocyte, percentage of lymphocites and percentage of monocytes among treatment group (P> 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that the addition of Moringa leaf powder to the feed of chicken has the potential to maintain the profile of white blood at normal values, which is indicated by the number of leukocytes, the percentage of lymphocytes and the percentage of monocytes.

Pengaruh dosis pemupukan P dan konsentrasi paclobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai edamame (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Sarah Zulfaniah; Adriani Darmawati; Syaiful Anwar
NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 3, No. 1, Year 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro

This research aimed to identify the effect of P fertilization dosage and paclobutrazol concentration on growth and yield of edamame (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). The research used factorials experiment 3x4 with Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) consisting of 3 replications. The first treatment was P fertilization dosage such as S1 : SP36 0 kg/ha, S2 : SP36 100 kg/ha, and S3 : SP36 200 kg/ha. The second treatment was paclobutrazol concentration such as P0 : 0 ppm, P1 :100 ppm, P2 : 200 ppm and P3 : 300 ppm. The observed parameters were plant height, leaves total, pods total per plant, seeds total per plant, and 100 seeds weight. The results showed that the treatment of P fertilization dosage had no significant effect on all observed parameters. The treatment of paclobutrazol concentration had a significant effect on plant height, leaves total, pods total per plant, seeds total per parameter, and 100 seeds weight. Optimum paclobutrazol concentration on plant height, leaves total, and 100 seeds weight parameters was 0 ppm. Paclobutrazol 100 ppm produced the highest response to pods total per plant and seeds total per plant.

Pertumbuhan dan produksi tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum) akibat berbagai jenis pupuk organik dan dosis mulsa sekam padi Yuniar Rizky Suryani; Adriani Darmawati Sudarma; Sumarsono Sumarsono
NICHE Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 3, No. 1, Year 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro

This research aimed to identify the effect of various types of organic fertilizer and dosage of rice husk mulch on growth and production of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). The research used factorials 3 x 3 experiment with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and 3 replications. The first treatment was various types of organic fertilizer such as P1: Compost, P2: Cow Manure, and P3: Goat Manure. The second treatment was dosage of rice husk mulch such as M0: Without Mulch, M1: 5 tons/ha, and M2: 10 tons/ha. The observed parameters were plant height, age of flowering, diameter of fruit, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plot and P uptake of plant. The result showed that the treatment effect of various types of organic fertilizer had a significant (P<0,05) on plant height. Interaction effect between various types of organic fertilizer and dosage of rice husk mulk had a significant (P<0,05) on diameter of fruit and fruit weight per plot. Compost produces the highest response to plant height. The highest response on parameter diameter of fruit on the cow manure without mulch. The goat manure with 5 tons/ha of mulch produces the highest response to weight fruit per plot.

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