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Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23560169     EISSN : 23560177     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Tropical Crop Science is an international journal publishing research related to tropical crops. Articles in the journal focus on in-vivo and in-vitro production and production environment, breeding, seed technology, physiology, postharvest, pest and pathology of cereals, vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, medicinal and plantation crops; soil, landscape, turf and agro ecology management under tropical conditions.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 21 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science" : 21 Documents clear
Boosting Soybean Growth: The Role of Soil Moisture Conservation Technique and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae in Limpopo Province, South Africa Thosago, Setshele Standford; Mokgehle, Ngoakoana Salmina; Molatudi, Raisibe Lucy
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.483-491

Abstract

Low soil fertility and moisture stress are the primary factors affecting soybean productivity. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) and soil moisture conservation techniques on the performance of a promiscuous soybean variety during the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 growing seasons. Two levels of soil moisture conservation techniques (flat and closed ridges) and two levels of VAM (0 and 100 kg.ha-1) were arranged in a split-plot design within a completely randomized block design with four replications. The data collected include growth, physiological, grain yield, and yield attributes of the promiscuous soybean variety. Sole application of soil moisture conservation techniques (SMCT) and VAM showed no significant influence (p>0.05) on the number of leaves, plant height, andnumber of branches of the promiscuous soybean variety. Soil moisture conservation techniques showed significant differences (p<0.05) in pod length. The interaction effect between soil moisture conservation techniques and the application of VAM had a significant impact on plant vigor (0.75), while non-significant variations were observed in the number of branches (5.31), plant height, and the number of leaves (20.81). The interaction effect of soil moisture conservation techniques and VAM was significant (p<0.05) on shelling percentage, while a non-significant difference was observed in grain yield (1382.7 kg.ha-1). Flat planting and nonVAM application had a higher shelling percentage (40.53%). The study demonstrated that flat planting, in combination with VAM, improved plant vigor under moisture-limited conditions. Flat planting can be recommended for soybean production at Syferkuil farm in Limpopo province.
Growth and Yield Response of Superior Rice Varieties under Different Biofertilizer Rates in Lowland Rice Fields Purwanto, Oky Dwi; Nugraha, Dedi; Patriyawaty, Nia Romania; Wardana, I Putu
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.627-638

Abstract

Efforts to increase rice productivity through a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach are using biofertilizers. The biofertilizer contains beneficial microorganisms that play an essential role in promoting plant growth and increasing rice yield. This study aimed to investigate the potential of biofertilizers and evaluate the performance of superior rice varieties by applying several rates of biofertilizers in lowland rice fields for enhancing growth and yield. A split-plot design was laid out using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plot consisted of superior rice varieties, including “Inpari 30”, “Inpari 32”, “Inpari 36”, and “Inpari 42”, while the subplot involved biofertilizer rates of 0, 400, and 800 g.ha-1. The utilization of biofertilizer contributed to the improvement of seedling height and root length. Applying biofertilizer increased plant height, panicle length, the number of grains per panicle, the number of filled grains per panicle, and the percentage of f illed grains, while decreasing the number of unfilled grains per panicle. The application of biofertilizer at a rate of 400 g.ha-1 significantly improved grain yields for “Inpari 30”, “Inpari 32”, and “Inpari 36”. However, “Inpari 42” required a higher biofertilizer rate of 800 g.ha-1 to produce high grain yields. The grain yield of superior rice varieties increased by 10%-21.6% with the application of biofertilizer. The findings of this study may provide recommendations for applying biofertilizers to enhance grain yields of several superior rice varieties in specific lowland rice field agroecosystems.
Morphophysiological Study of Kecapi (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) Seedlings Against Different Artificial Light Spectra and Intensities Defitrianida, Asyhuriyah Wardah; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Hapsari, Dhika Prita; Matra, Deden Derajat
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.604-614

Abstract

Kecapi (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) is a tropical fruit species that belongs to the Meliaceae family. Kecapi trees require 5-7 years to produce fruit when grown from seeds, necessitating efforts to accelerate their growth, including through the modification of light. This research aimed to study kecapi’s morphological, physiological, and anatomical responses to light spectra and intensities from light-emitting diodes. The experiment was designed using a two-factor, completely randomized design (CRD), namely LED light spectrum (white and purple) and light intensity (2 and 4 lights). The result showed that morphological and vegetative growth were significantly affected under the high-intensity purple LED treatment. The low-intensity purple LED treatment increased stomatal conductance and chlorophyll-b synthesis. The transpiration rate was highest under the high intensity white LED treatment. Low-intensity white LED treatment only increased the abaxial stomatal aperture. As the intensity increased, it also increased N-Total content but decreased micronutrient levels in the leaves.
Inducing Drought Stress Tolerance during Germination by Micronutrient Seed Priming and Coating of Maize (Zea mays L.) Ikasari, Yulfa Astuti; Suhartanto, M. Rahmad; Ilyas, Satriyas
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.492-505

Abstract

Drought is a significant abiotic stress that affects the germination of many crops, including maize. Improvement in seed quality and tolerance to drought stress can be induced through seed priming and coating. This research aimed to study the effect of priming and coating on maize seed germination under drought conditions. The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design with a split plot arrangement and four replications. The main plot was drought stress level: control, and 10% PEG. The subplot was seed enhancement treatments, which consisted of untreated, hydropriming, osmopriming, priming with 6 mM Si, 0.075 mM Se + 10 mM Zn, 6 mM Si + 0.075 Se + 10 mM Zn, 0.8 mM melatonin, seed coating 1% NaAlg, P9: seed coating + 0.732 g Si.kg-1 seed, P10: seed coating + 0.014 g Se + 2.875 g Zn.kg-1 seed, P11: seed coating + 0.732 g Si + 0.014 g Se + 2.875 g Zn.kg-1 seed, and P12: seed coating + 0.186 g melatonin.kg-1 seed. The result showed that seed priming 0.075 mM Se + 10 mM Zn, priming 6 mM Si + 0.075 mM Se + 10 mM Zn, and seed coating + 0.732 g Si + 0.014 g Se + 2.875 g Zn.kg-1 seed improved maize seed germination under drought stress based on germination percentage, speed of germination, root dry weight, seedling dry weight, and seedling growth rate. Seed priming or coating with micronutrients such as silicon, selenium, and zinc could serve as an effective treatment to enhance germination of maize under drought conditions.
Improvement of Soil Properties through Farmyard Manure and Lime for Barley Productivity in Acidic Hot Spot Areas of Ethiopia Addis, Zelalem; Amare, Tadele; Keribih, Betewlegn; Getaneh, Desaleign; Ambaw, Zimie; Awoke, Abrham; Tenaegn, Abere
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.516-524

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to enhance barley productivity and improve soil properties in acid hotspots areas by applying farmyard manure and varying lime rates in the northwestern Amhara region, Ethiopia. The experiment comprised the combination of three levels of farmyard manure (0, 2, and 4 t.ha-1) and four levels of lime (0, 25, 50, and 100%) with one plot containing 92% N from urea and 69% P2O5 from TSP which was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on soil physico-chemical properties and yield components of barley were collected and subjected to ANOVA. The individual application of farmyard manure and lime had a significant impact on the yield components of barley. Similarly, soil properties changed slightly under the treatments compared to the soil before planting. Sole application of 4 t.ha-1 farmyard manure and 100% lime ( 8.8 t.ha-1) gives the highest grain and above-ground biomass yield (1.7 and 3.5 t.ha-1) and (1.6 and 3.1 t.ha-1), respectively, than the control and the pilot treatments. Similarly, the application of sole 4 t.ha-1 scored the highest plant height (72.9 cm) compared to the control and pilot treatments. To achieve the highest net benefit within a short period, applying 4 t.ha-1 and 25% (2.2 t.ha-1) can be preferable for yield improvement in the study area and similar agro-ecological environments.
Evaluation of Biomass Yield and Nutritional Composition of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Varieties Grown in Lowland Areas of Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia Asres, Abito; Tiruneh, Solomon
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.548-558

Abstract

This study was conducted to identify the best performing soybean varieties for biomass yield, chemical composition, haulm and seed yield, and other agronomic characteristics under rain-fed conditions in the lowland areas of Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia. The experiment took place at three locations: Jari, Chefa, and Sirinka. A randomized complete block design with three replications was employed. Twelve released soybean varieties “Afgat”, “Belesa-95”, “Boshe”, “Cheri”, “Dhidhessa”, “Gishama”, “Gizo”, “Korme”, “Pawe-03”, “Katta”, “Wegayen”, and “Wollo” served as treatments. Seeds were sown with a spacing of 40 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants. Each plot measured 3.2 m × 4 m, with 0.5 m and 1 m separating plots and blocks, respectively. Combined analyses across Jari and Sirinka indicated that the varieties “Afgat”, “Gishama”, “Gizo”, “Pawe-03”, “Wegayen”, and “Wollo” produced higher dry matter yields than others. “Gishama”, “Gizo”, “Pawe-03”, and “Wegayen” also had superior haulm yields. For seed yield, “Pawe-03”, “Gizo”, “Afgat”, “Gishama”, “Wollo”, and “Wegayen” outperformed the other varieties. Notably, the “Wollo” variety exhibited the highest protein content at both Jari and Sirinka. Based on these results, “Afgat”, “Pawe-03”, and “Wollo” are recommended for cultivation in the Jari, Chefa, and Sirinka zones. These varieties demonstrate strong potential for delivering high dry matter, haulm, and seed yields, as well as providing a valuable protein supplement for ruminants. Further research is recommended to investigate their optimal application in livestock feeding systems.
Morphological Responses and Productivity of Indigofera (Indigofera zollingeriana) with Varied Fertilization in Limestone Post-mining Land Harwanto, Harwanto; Karti, Panca Dewi Manu Hara; Suwardi, Suwardi; Abdullah, Luki
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.525-535

Abstract

Indigofera is a protein-rich plant source for ruminants, with potential for introduction to marginal lands, such as limestone post-mining areas, through integration with reclamation activities. This study aims to determine the response of varying levels of organic fertilizer and NPK on the morphology and productivity of Indigofera zollingeriana introduced to limestone post-mining. The study employed a randomized block design with a 3 × 4 factorial pattern and four replications. The first factor was organic fertilizer at the rates of 0, 5, and 10 tons.ha-1, and the second factor was NPK, 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg.ha-1. Indigofera was planted in a 3 x 4 m2 plot with a 1 m planting distance and harvested four times. The results showed that the combination of organic fertilizer with NPK affected (p<0.05) the morphology, biomass production, and nutrient profile. The combination of 10 tons.ha-1 of organic fertilizer and 100 kg.ha-1 NPK optimally produced plant with up to 217.64 cm height, 18.28 tons.ha-1 fresh production per harvest, 4.96 tons.ha-1 dry matter per harvest, 28.78% crude protein, and 72.47% total digestible nutrient. Biomass production decreased in the dry season (third harvest). Conclusively, the combination of 10 tons.ha-1 organic fertilizer and 100 kg.ha-1 NPK produced Indigofera plants with optimum plant height, biomass production, crude protein, and total digestible nutrients. Indigofera plants can be utilized as revegetation plants and as a source of green fodder on limestone post-mining land.
Growth Dynamics of Young Avocado (Persea americana Mill) Plants under Drought Stress in Potted Condition Rumaisha, Azizah; Susanto, Slamet; Tirtawinata, Mohamad Reza
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.506-515

Abstract

Drought stress significantly influences plant metabolic processes, including overall vegetative growth and the transition from the vegetative to the generative phase. Under changing environmental conditions, plants adapt through specific mechanisms to survive unfavorable circumstances, including a reduction in the juvenile phase. This study aimed to examine the effects of drought stress on the growth dynamics of young avocado plants. The experiment consisted of three treatment levels: routine watering as the control (P1), drought stress for 8 weeks (P2), and drought stress for 16 weeks (P3). The 8 week drought stress did not significantly reduce the number of leaves or increase the number of vegetative buds; however, one plant produced flowers at week 33. The drought stress for 16 weeks (P3) significantly reduced the number of leaves but did not affect branch length. Instead, it increased the number of vegetative buds per branch at 16 and 24 weeks after treatment (WAT). Drought stressed plants exhibited a compensatory growth mechanism following rewatering, as demonstrated by an increase in the number of leaves and vegetative buds at 24 WAT.
Analysis of the Morphology and Secondary Metabolite Content of Several Katuk (Sauropus androgynus) Accessions Hakiki, Firdha Annisa; Masruroh, Qibtiyatul; Kartika, Juang Gema; Susila, Anas Dinurrohman; Kyoung, Cheong Min; Rahmah, Yulia
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.639-646

Abstract

Katuk (Sauropus androgynus) is a species valued for its nutritional and medicinal properties, as well as its potential applications in food, herbal medicine, livestock feed, and cosmetics. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological diversity and secondary metabolite profiles of four katuk accessions. Two analyses were conducted: (1) morphological characterization using cluster analysis and (2) qualitative and quantitative assessment of secondary metabolites. Cluster analysis revealed that all accessions showed high similarity with the “Paris”, an accession widely grown in West Java, Indonesia (similarity coefficient = 1.00), and moderate similarity with accessions “K1”, “K2”, “K4”, “Bastar”, and “Zanzibar” (distance coefficient = 0.68). Metabolite profiling indicated variations in compound abundance among accessions. “Ciaruteun Ilir 1” exhibited the highest vitamin E content; “Ciaruteun Ilir 2” had the highest fatty acid and phenolic content; “Pager Jangkung 1” accumulated the most flavonoids, while “Pager Jangkung 2” contained the most terpenoids and carboxylic acids. The leaves of katuk accessions in this study contains 14-17% squalene; this is an important finding for the pharmaceutical and health industries.
Mycorrhizae and Biofertilizers Applications Stimulate Pineapple Growth in Acidic Soil Fitriyani, Indri Hapsari; Santosa, Dwi Andreas; Hazrah, Fahrizal; Nurfadila, Uci; Falih, Fairuz Annabil
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.683-694

Abstract

Pineapple is a leading commodity worldwide and can grow in a variety of mineral and organic soils. Excessive use of inorganic fertilizers has a detrimental impact on soil and crop health. Biofertilizers contain beneficial microorganisms that can enhance soil fertility, improve soil health, and promote sustainable crop production. This study aimed to investigate the crucial role of biofertilizers and mycorrhizae in promoting the vegetative growth of pineapple in acidic soils. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with nine treatment levels and five replications. The results showed that the mycorrhizae applied at 5 g per plant, combined with full doses of chemical fertilizer (0.5 g ZA, 2 g DAP, and 2 g KCl per plant), produced the highest mycorrhizal colonization in treatment P4. Meanwhile, Provibio® biofertilizer at 5 mL per plant (diluted in 0.5 L water), mycorrhizae at 2.5 g per plant, and half doses of chemical fertilizer (0.25 g ZA, 1 g DAP, and 1 g KCl per plant (P8), improved vegetative growth and soil properties (pH, organic C, and total N) and supported the highest microbial population in the rhizosphere (26.05 × 10⁴ CFU.g-1 soil). This study demonstrated that the combined application of biofertilizers and mycorrhizae in moderate doses is more effective than full single-dose applications, leading to healthier soils and stronger vegetative growth of pineapple in acidic soils.

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