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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Buletin Agrohorti Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI) Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman JURNAL PERBENIHAN TANAMAN HUTAN Jurnal Hortikultura Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Perspektif : Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri E-Journal Widya Kesehatan dan Lingkungan JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI Jurnal Agro Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Jurnal AGROSAINS dan TEKNOLOGI Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Journal of Tropical Crop Science AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian JERAMI Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri) Perspektif, Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri Jurnal Pusat Inovasi Masyarakat
Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto
Departemen Agronomi Dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian IPB Jl. Meranti Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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PENGARUH LAMA PENYIMPANAN DAN PERLAKUAN BENIH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN VIGOR BENIH KAKAO HIBRIDA , Baharudin; Ilyas, Satriyas; Rahmad Suhartanto, Mohamad; Purwantara, Agus
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 13, No 1 (2010): Maret 2010
Publisher : Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

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Abstract

Effect of Length Storage and Seed Treatment to Improve Seed Vigour of Kakao Hybrid. Cacaoseeds are categorized as recalcitrant which have some problems such as: hight water content, short storability,sensitive to desiccation, sensitive to low temperature and pathogen contamination. The aims of the research wasto observe the interaction effect between the period of storage and seed treatment on viability and vigor of hybridcacao seeds and seedling of TSH 858. This research was conducted at Seed Main Garden of Indonesian Centreof Coffee and Cacao Research Institute (Puslitkoka) in Jember, Laboratory of Bogor Agricultural University, andMicrobiological laboratory and glass house of Biotechnology Research Institute for Estate Crops of Indonesia inBogor during May to December 2008. Seeds used were derived from results of open cross pollination betweencacao TSH 858 vs Sca 6 from Puslitkoka. Factorial completely randomized design was used, the first factor wasthe period of seed storage and the second factor was the seed treatment. Result showed that interaction betweenthe period of seed storage and seed treatment were statistically significant on germination ability, speed growthrelatively, T50, and number of leaf. The germination ability of seed decreased after 4 weeks storage, but the useof Trichoderma harzianum DT/38 and T. pseudokoningii DT/39 able to increase the germination ability from 8%to 63%. Seed vigor was showed by speed growth relatively, growth velocity (T50- ), and number of leaf werealso improved in matriconditioned seeds compared with the untreated ones. Matriconditioning plus T. harzianumDT/38 and T. pseudokoningii DT/39 treatment also increased index of vigor 32%, speed of germination 0, 5 mg,height of seedlings 3,5 cm, length of roots 0,6 cm and number of roots 8,7 compared with those were untreated.Key words : Biological control, hybrid seed, seed storages, seed vigor, Theobroma cacaoBenih kakao tergolong rekalsitran yang memiliki beberapa kendala antara lain berkadar air tinggi, periodehidup yang relatif singkat, tidak tahan desikasi dan suhu rendah, dan mudah terkontaminasi patogen. Penelitianbertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara lama penyimpanan dengan perlakuan benih terhadapviabilitas dan vigor benih, serta bibit kakao hibrida TSH 858. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Benih PusatPenelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia Jember, Laboratorium Benih IPB, Laboratorium dan rumah kaca mikrobiologiBalai Penelitian Bioteknologi Perkebunan Indonesia Bogor, pada bulan Mei sampai Desember 2008. Benih hibridaberasal dari hasil persilangan terbuka antara kakao TSH 858 x Sca 6 dari Puslitkoka. Penelitian menggunakanPengaruh Lama Penyimpanan dan Perlakuan Benih terhadap Peningkatan Vigor Benih Kakao Hibrida (Baharudin, SatriyasIlyas, Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto dan Agus Purwantara)74rancangan lingkungan acak lengkap faktorial, faktor pertama adalah lama penyimpanan secara alami dan faktorkedua perlakuan benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara lama penyimpanan benih dengan perlakuanbenih nyata mempengaruhi daya berkecambah, kecepatan tumbuh relatif,T50dan jumlah daun. Benih kakaosetelah penyimpanan empat minggu menunjukkan daya berkecambah yang menurun, tetapi dengan perlakuanmatriconditioning plus Trichoderma harzianum DT/38 dan T. pseudokoningii DT/39 mampu meningkatkan dayakecambah dari 8% menjadi 63%. Vigor benih yang ditunjukkan oleh kecepatan tumbuh relatif, kecepatan tumbuh(T50 -), dan jumlah daun juga ikut meningkat dengan perlakuan matriconditioning. Perlakuan matriconditioningplus T. harzianum DT/38 dan T. pseudokoningii DT/39 mampu meningkatkan indeks vigor 32%, laju pertumbuhankecambah 0, 5 mg, tinggi bibit 3,5 cm, panjang akar 0,6 cm dan jumlah akar 8,7 dibanding tanpa perlakuan.Kata kunci : Pengendalian hayati, benih hibrida, penyimpanan benih, Theobroma cacao, vigor benih
EVALUASI VIGOR DAYA SIMPAN BENIH PADA BERBAGAI GENOTIPE CABAI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) DENGAN METODE PENGUSANGAN CEPAT Ekowahyuni, Luluk Prihastuti; Sutjahjo, Surjono Hadi; Sujiprihati, Sriani; Suhartanto, Mohamad Rahmad; Syukur, Muhamad
E-Journal Widya Kesehatan dan Lingkungan Vol. 1 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : E-Journal Widya Kesehatan dan Lingkungan

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Abstract

Abstrak:       Percobaan ini bertujuan mengevaluasi metode pengusangan cepat methanol 20% selama 0, 2, 4, 6 dan 8 jam pada benih cabai hibrida, non hibrida, lokal, introduksi, rawit dan besar yang diproduksi pada tahun 2009 dan 2010. Jumlah genotipe benih non hibrida 4 (2009) dan 4 (2010). Jumlah genotipe benih hibrida 10 (2009) dan 8 (2010). Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis sudut kemiringan garis regressi yang merupakan sudut  perbandingan ordinat dan axis. Rekapitulasi hasil evaluasi vigor daya simpan benih cabai menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara benih produksi tahun 2009 dan 2010, dan benih cabai hibrida dan  non hibrida, serta benih cabai lokal dan introduksi. Perbedaan terdapat pada benih cabai rawit dan besar dan laju penurunannya cabai besar lebih cepat dibandingkan benih cabai rawit.  Hal ini terjadi juga pada tolok ukur daya hantar listrik yang merupakan tolok ukur terbaik untuk vigor daya simpan benih. Hal ini menunjukkan besarnya pengaruh lingkungan terhadap vigor daya simpan benih cabai. Kata kunci: deteriorasi alami, laju kemiringan vigor daya simpan benih cabai. Abstract    The experiment was designed to evaluate the accelerated aging method with 20% methanol for 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours which is the first stage of the experimental results at several pepper seed genotypes including hybrid seeds, non hybrid, local, introduction, pepper and great pepper produced in 2009 and 2010. The seeds used are non-hybrid seed as much as 4 genotype seed production in 2009 and 4 genotype seed production in 2010. Hybrid seeds used were 10 genotypes of production in 2009 and 8 genotypes of production in 2010. Data analysis done is the analysis of the slope angle of regression line slope which is resulting from the comparison of the ordinate and the axis. Recapitulation of the pepper seeds vigor storage evaluation results showed that the seed production in 2009 and 2010 there was no difference between the hybrid and non-hybrid pepper seeds and the local and introduction pepper seeds, but there are consistent differences between great chili and chili pepper seeds, the rate of decline of the great chili is greater than the chili pepper. This shows the magnitude of environmental influences on seed pepper seeds vigor storage. Exclusively in electrical conductivity benchmark, which is one of the pepper seeds vigor storage best benchmark shows that the rate of decline in seed vigor between the hybrid and non hybrid seeds and the local and introduction pepper seeds.. Key words: natural deterioration, the rate of decline seed pepper vigor test in relation  to storability
Can We Produce True Seed of Shallot (TSS) from Small Size Shallot Sets? Palupi, Endah R.; Manik, Fatiani; Suhartanto, M Rahmad
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 4 No 1 (2017): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (731.55 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.4.1.26-31

Abstract

The Indonesian government has been promoting the use of true seed of shallot (TSS) for shallot production due to its higher productivity potentials and greatly reduced risk of disease transfer. This research was conducted at Leuwikopo experimental station, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University, West Java, Indonesia, in 2015. The aim of the research was to study TSS production from small size shallot sets “Bima Brebes”, an easy to flower shallot cultivar.  The trial was arranged in a completely randomized block design with two factors; BAP concentration i.e. 50, 100 150, 200 ppm as the first factor and the sizes of mother bulbs, i.e. small (3-4 g) and medium (5-10 g), as the second factor. The results showed that the vegetative growth of plants from the two bulb sizes were similar. TSS production and TSS quality from small size (3-4 g) bulbs was also comparable to that of medium size shallot set, except for 1000 seeds weight in which medium size mother bulb produced heavier 1000-seeds weight than that of small size shallot set. Therefore small size shallot set can potentially be useful for TSS production. 
Deteksi Cepat Viabilitas Benih Padi Menggunakan Gelombang Near Infrared dan Model Jaringan Saraf Tiruan Firdaus, Jonni; Hasbullah, Rokhani; Ahmad, Usman; Suhartanto, M. Rahmad
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 2 (2014): Agustus 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (457.799 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v33n2.2014.p77-86

Abstract

Viability is an important component of seed quality, which could be detained by germinating the seeds. Currently testing the seed viability of rice takes a long time (5-14 days), so it becomes a limiting factor in the seed production process. An alternative method for rapid seed viability detection is using the Near Infrared (NIR) spectra and using artificial neural network (ANN) as a data processing system. This research was aimed to study the use of NIR spectra and ANN to predict the viability of rice seeds. NIR reflectance (1,000-2,500 nm) of a Ciherang rice seed samples (40 grams), was used as the input data to develop the ANN model. A total of 60 samples were subjected to accelerated aging to obtain various levels of germination. The development of ANN models was done through calibration and validation of NIR spectra to the viability parameters. As ANN input, NIR reflectance of seed sample was given pretreatment data such as normalization, first derivative, second derivative, standard normal variate (SNV) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that longer accelerated aging caused a decrease in seed viability. This was also indicated by the decrease in soluble protein and an increase in free fatty acids. The intensity of the NIR absorbance spectra also showed the same in the absorption region of soluble protein and free fatty acids. The best ANN models to predict the germination was 10PC-5-3 ANN with the SNV NIR reflectance used as the input data. Coefisien correlation of the validation was 0.8947, the value of ratio performance deviation was 2.2359 and the standard error performance was 9.9233%. The use of NIR spectra and ANN was potentially useful to perdict the viability of rice seeds more rapidly.
Application of Cytokinin and Mycorrhiza to Increase Production and Quality of Pineapple Seedlings from Crown Leaf Bud Cuttings Putri, Dirgahani; Suhartanto, M. Rahmad; Widajati, Eny
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 7 No 01 (2020): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (162.091 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.7.01.15-21

Abstract

The pineapple vegetative propagation method using crown leaf bud cuttings has potential to produce seedlings of greater uniformity and in larger quantities than other methods. This study, aimed to explore the potential eff ects of concentration and frequency of Benzylaminopurine (BAP) application for increasing the production and quality of pineapple seedlings from crown leaf bud cutting propagation. The experiment used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors. The fi rst factor was the concentration of BAP (0, 200, 400, 600, 800 ppm) and the second factor was the frequency of BAP application (1, 2, 3 times). Furthermore, this study investigated the eff ects of applying mycorrhizae to accelerate seedling growth and improve seedling quality during production from crown leaf bud cutting propagation. The experiment used a RCBD with one factor (dose of mycorrhiza: 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 spores). The results indicated that the eff ects of concentration and frequency of BAP application and their interaction increased seed production as determined by sprout cuttings at 5 weeks after planting by applying 600 ppm 2 times. Generally, with increasing concentration and frequency of BAP application, leaf chlorophyll content was reduced. However, the application mycorrhiza positively infl uenced the production of seedlings from pineapple crown bud cuttings and improved seedling quality as measured by root dry weight, chlorophyll content, root infection, and phosphatase enzyme activity.
Perubahan Perilaku Dormansi selama Proses Desikasi pada Benih Kacang Bambara (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) Maryati Sari; Satriyas Ilyas; M. Rahmad Suhartanto; Abdul Qadir
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 48 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (366.171 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v48i1.29371

Abstract

Bambara groundnut seeds often show unsynchronized and slow germination even though on newly harvested seeds. This might be due to the presence of seed dormancy. Therefore, the objective of this research was to obtain the information on seed dormancy and germination behaviour of bambara groundnut seeds during desiccation. The experiment was arranged in a nested design. Dormancy breaking treatments (untreated, mechanical scarification, soaking in 1% KNO3 for 2 hours, mechanical scarification followed by KNO3 soaking) were nested in each of the desiccation levels (fresh seeds with 54.7% moisture content (mc), desiccated seeds with 44.4%, 18.0%, 15.4%, and 12.1% mc). The results showed that newly harvested seeds were in dormant state. Seed desiccation did not increase the intensity of seed dormancy, even resulted in an increase in field emergence (at 30 days after planting) from 43.9% in fresh seeds to around 70% in dry seed (12-15% mc). Seed desiccation (from 44.4% mc to 12.1% mc) increased the field emergence, although it was inadequate to break the dormancy completely. Meanwhile, seed desiccation tended to increase the GA/ABA ratio, but the seed permeability was decreased. The fact showed that seed desiccation reduced the intensity of dormancy of bambara groundnut seed, therefore, it is suggested to modify the drying method in order to accelerate the increasing of GA/ABA ratio while keeping the testa permeable. Keywords: after-ripening, GA/ABA ratio, hard seed, kacang bogor, permeability
PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI DAN MUTU RIMPANG BENIH JAHE PUTIH BESAR MELALUI APLIKASI ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH The Production and Quality Improvement of Big White Ginger Seed Rhizomes by Plant Growth Regulator Aplication Rusmin, Devi; Suhartanto, Muhammad Rahmad; Ilyas, Satriyas; Manohara, Dyah -; Widajati, Eny -
Perspektif Vol 19, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v19n1.2020.29-40

Abstract

Permasalahan utama dalam pengembangan tanaman jahe putih besar (JPB) adalah   terbatasnya ketersediaan rimpang benih bermutu dalam jumlah yang mencukupi, pada waktu diperlukan oleh pengguna. Permasalahan tersebut antara lain disebabkan oleh produksi dan mutu rimpang benih yang masih rendah, serta bobot rimpang benih yang cepat menyusut dan mudah bertunassaat di penyimpanan. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menginformasikan kepada pengguna tentang karakter pola pertumbuhan, keseimbangan hormonal dan perubahan fisiologis yang menjadi faktor perhatian utama dalam peningkatan produksi dan mutu JPB melalui aplikasi zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT).Peningkatan produksi dan mutu dapat dicapai dengan penggunaan rimpang benih  bermutu yang diperoleh  melalui: penentuan pola pertumbuhan, pengaturan keseimbangan hormon, baik secara alami (pengaturan iklim mikro), maupun dengan pemberianZPT selama proses produksi di lapangan dan di penyimpanan. Beberapa hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa: (1) Pola pertumbuhan tajuk dan rimpang JPB selama pembentukan dan perkembangannya secara umum diklasifikasikan atas  tiga fase yaitu: fase lambat 1–4 bulan setelah tanam (BST), cepat (> 4–6 BST), dan pemasakan (> 6 BST).Rimpang benih JPB umur 7 BST sudah dapat digunakan sebagai bahan tanaman. (2) Perbedaan lokasi tanam dan umur panen mempengaruhi pola keseimbangan hormon endogen tanaman (rasio hormonABA/GA dan ABA/sitokinin (Zeatin) dan mutu rimpang benih JPB. Rasio ABA/sitokinin (zeatin) yang lebih tinggi pada rimpang benih umur 7 BST (5,0) dan 8 BST (4,7) dibanding rimpang benih umur 9 BST (4,2) untuk rimpang benih asal Nagrak, sehingga mampu memicu dan mempertahankan dormansi sehingga benih JPB lebih tahan disimpan.  (3) Periode dormansi benih rimpang JPB pecah setelah disimpan selama 2 bulan dan merupakan periode kritis atau periode yang tepat untuk aplikasi perlakuan penundaan pertunasan. (4) Aplikasi PBZ 400 ppm meningkatkan produksi JPB yang dinyatakan dalam bobot basah (22%) dan jumlah rimpang cabang (68%), dengan karakter rimpang: kecil, ruas pendek dan bernas, serta meningkatkan mutu dan daya simpan dibanding tanpa PBZ. (5) Aplikasi PBZ 1000 ppm, pada suhu ruang simpan 20 – 22 ºC, dapat menekan susut bobot sebesar 15% dibanding kontrol, setelah disimpan selama 4 bulan dan dapat menekan persentase rimpang bertunas sebesar 26% setelah 3 bulan disimpan.Permasalahan utama dalam pengembangan tanaman jahe putih besar (JPB) adalah   terbatasnya ketersediaan rimpang benih bermutu dalam jumlah yang mencukupi, pada waktu diperlukan oleh pengguna. Permasalahan tersebut antara lain disebabkan oleh produksi dan mutu rimpang benih yang masih rendah, serta bobot rimpang benih yang cepat menyusut dan mudah bertunassaat di penyimpanan. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menginformasikan kepada pengguna tentang karakter pola pertumbuhan, keseimbangan hormonal dan perubahan fisiologis yang menjadi faktor perhatian utama dalam peningkatan produksi dan mutu JPB melalui aplikasi zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT).Peningkatan produksi dan mutu dapat dicapai dengan penggunaan rimpang benih  bermutu yang diperoleh  melalui: penentuan pola pertumbuhan, pengaturan keseimbangan hormon, baik secara alami (pengaturan iklim mikro), maupun dengan pemberianZPT selama proses produksi di lapangan dan di penyimpanan. Beberapa hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa: (1) Pola pertumbuhan tajuk dan rimpang JPB selama pembentukan dan perkembangannya secara umum diklasifikasikan atas  tiga fase yaitu: fase lambat 1–4 bulan setelah tanam (BST), cepat (> 4–6 BST), dan pemasakan (> 6 BST).Rimpang benih JPB umur 7 BST sudah dapat digunakan sebagai bahan tanaman. (2) Perbedaan lokasi tanam dan umur panen mempengaruhi pola keseimbangan hormon endogen tanaman (rasio hormonABA/GA dan ABA/sitokinin (Zeatin) dan mutu rimpang benih JPB. Rasio ABA/sitokinin (zeatin) yang lebih tinggi pada rimpang benih umur 7 BST (5,0) dan 8 BST (4,7) dibanding rimpang benih umur 9 BST (4,2) untuk rimpang benih asal Nagrak, sehingga mampu memicu dan mempertahankan dormansi sehingga benih JPB lebih tahan disimpan.  (3) Periode dormansi benih rimpang JPB pecah setelah disimpan selama 2 bulan dan merupakan periode kritis atau periode yang tepat untuk aplikasi perlakuan penundaan pertunasan. (4) Aplikasi PBZ 400 ppm meningkatkan produksi JPB yang dinyatakan dalam bobot basah (22%) dan jumlah rimpang cabang (68%), dengan karakter rimpang: kecil, ruas pendek dan bernas, serta meningkatkan mutu dan daya simpan dibanding tanpa PBZ. (5) Aplikasi PBZ 1000 ppm, pada suhu ruang simpan 20 – 22 ºC, dapat menekan susut bobot sebesar 15% dibanding kontrol, setelah disimpan selama 4 bulan dan dapat menekan persentase rimpang bertunas sebesar 26% setelah 3 bulan disimpan. ABSTRACT The main problems in the development of big white ginger plant (BWG) is the limited availability of quality seed rhizomes in sufficient quantities, at the time required by the user. Its caused by the production and quality of seed rhizomes are still low, and the seed rhizomes weight are rapidly shrinking and sprouting when in the storage. This Overview aims to inform users about the character of the pattern of growth, the balance of hormonal and physiological changes that are primarily focused on the production and seed quality improvement BWG through the application of plant growth regulator (PGR). Increased production and quality can be achieved by the use of quality seed rhizomes obtained through: determination of growth patterns, hormonal balance regulation, both naturally (microclimate regulation), as well as by application of growth regulators (ZPT) during the production process in the field and in storage. Some research results showed that: (1) The growth pattern of the canopy and GWB seed rhizomes during its formation and development is generally classified into three phases: slow phase 1-4 months after planting (MAP), fast (> 4-6 MAP), and maturty (> 6 BST). (2) Differences in planting location and harvest age affect the balance pattern of plant endogenous hormones (ABA / GA and ABA / cytokinin (zeatin) hormone ratios) and the BWG seed rhizomes quality. ABA / cytokinin ratios are higher in BWG seedlings aged 7 MAP (5.0) and 8 MAP (4.7) compared to 9 MAP (4.2) for seed rhizomes from Nagrak, so they are able to trigger and maintain dormancy so Its are more resistant to storage. (3) The dormancy period of BWG seed rhizomes break after stored for 2 months and this is a critical period or an appropriate period for sprouting inhibition treatment. (4) Application of PBZ 400 ppm increased production and quality of BWG seed rhizomes, namely: wet weight (22%) and number of branch rhizomes (68%) with rhizome characteristics: small, short and filled out internodes compared without PBZ. (5) Application of PBZ 1000 ppm, at a storage temperature of 20-22 ºC, can reduce weight loss by 15% compared to control, after stored for 4 months and also can reduce the sprouting percentage of rhizomes by 26% after stored for 3 months.
Pengaruh Sarcotesta dan Pengeringan Benih serta Perlakuan Pendahuluan terhadap Viabilitas dan Dormansi Benih Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Maryati Sari; Endang Murniati; M. Rahmad Suhartanto
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 33 No. 2 (2005): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (501.084 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v33i2.1517

Abstract

Improved seed longevity by seed drying and application of  phenolic compound as natural antioxidant is the topic of this research. In many cases the sensitivity of papaya seed to drying is being the limit factor because of desiccation injury or induced dormancy. There is phenolic compound on the sarcotesta surrounding papaya seed which may act either as antioxidant or as germination inhibitor. The effect of sarcotesta and seed drying on viabillity and dormancy was studied. The experiment was conducted in July - October 2004, located at Bogor Agricultural University, used papaya seed (IPB-1) which harvested from Pusat Kajian Buah Tropika (PKBT) farm in Bogor. In the last study, seed was dried in the absence and presence of sarcotesta until 11-12% and 6-7% moisture content (mc). After drying, seed viability was measured by tetrazolium test.  The hardness of seed was also measured using penetrometer.  Seed germination was tested by (1) soaking on 10% KNO3, (2) scarification on water using  electrical stirrer, (3) soaking on 10% KNO3  with scarification using electrical stirrer, (4) scarification on the  hot water (50oC) followed by soaking on 10% KNO3.   In the absence of sarcotesta, the viability of 6-7% mc seed was as high as 11-12% mc seed. There was neither viability reduction nor induced dormancy. Whereas in the presence of sarcotesta, there was also no viability reduction but the dormancy was induced. The dormancy of seed with 11-12% mc was longer than seed with 6-7% mc. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that sarcotesta was removed by cleaning treatment before drying. On the contrary, sarcotesta was not completely removed from the seed and became more impermeable when cleaning was done after drying.This research can not suggest the most effective  pre-treatment to break the dormancy. The mechanism of the dormancy is discused.   Key words: Carica papaya L., seed drying, sarcotesta, seed viability, seed dormancy
Fluoresen Klorofil Benih: Parameter Baru dalam Penentuan Mutu Benih Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 31 No. 1 (2003): Buletin Agronomi
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (47.252 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v31i1.1527

Abstract

It has been shown that chlorophyll content of seeds was negatively correlated with germinability towards the end of maturation.  Physiological maturity was achieved when the chlorophyll fluorescence reached a minimum.  The presence of chlorophyll in seeds and its relation with the progress of seed maturation has gained renewed interest after the development of Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF).  This equipment is able to measure and analyze chlorophyll fluorescence in the seed instantaneously and non-destructively.  The use of LIF makes it possible to perform physiological and biochemical assays after chlorophyll fluorescence measurement in the same seeds.  Based on the results from some experiments as well as the literature, the role of chlorophyll in developing seeds is presented.  The overall conclusion is that chlorophyll is required during seed development, but undesirable during maturation.  We hypothesize that the presence of chlorophyll during seed maturation is undesirable since it is associated with lower quality, particularly lower seed longevity.  Chlorophyll may also be a primary source of free radicals.  Seed chlorophyll fluorescence was affected by endogenous abscisic acid, gibberellins and phytochrome. Light, temperature and relative humidity may also influence the chlorophyll fluorescence of seeds.   Key words: Chlorophyl, Fluorescence,  Parameter, Seed testing
Metode Pengusangan Cepat untuk Pengujian Vigor Daya Simpan Benih Cabai (Capsicum annuumL.) Luluk Prihastuti Ekowahyuni; Surjono Hadi Sutjahjo; Sriani Sujiprihati; Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto; Muhamad Syukur
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 40 No. 2 (2012): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (295.268 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v40i2.6374

Abstract

The ability of seed to maintain seed quality during storage is called seed vigor. Accurate method for seed vigor testing of pepper seeds is necessary to accurately determine seed storability during seed distribution. The aim of this research was to determine the best accelerated aging method (AAM) of pepper seed. Freshly harvested seeds of Capsicum annuumL., IPB C9 genotype were used in this study. The experiment used randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The experimental treatments were seed vigor testing methods i.e. natural deterioration test at room temperature in controlled humidity (RH 90-95%), and four AAM (hot water 60 ºC, methanol 20%, ethanol 20%, and high temperature at 40 ºC). The best method was selected using analysis of variance, coeficient of variance, regresion dan t student analysis. AAM using 20% methanol at periods of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours was the best method of seed vigor testing for pepper seed. Keywords: accelerated aging, deterioration, ethanol, methanol, high temperature
Co-Authors ABDUL MUNIF Abdul Munif Abdul Qadir AGUS PURWANTARA Agus Purwantara Agus Purwantara Agus Ruhnayat AHMAD JUNAEDI Ahmad Zamzami Akhiruddin Maddu Alfarabi, Emir Aqsha Alvita Sekar Sarjani Ani Kurniawati Ari Wahyuni Arodi Agustenta Sinulingga Astryani Rosyad Aulia Hasan Widjaya Baharudin Baharudin ; BAHARUDIN BAHARUDIN Cahyani, Gesa Nur Cintaning, Anis Bias Dede J. Sudrajat Dede J. Sudrajat DEVI RUSMIN Diaguna, Ridwan Dian Latifah Dirgahani Putri Dyah - Manohara Edi Santosa Eka Maulidiya, Sherly Endah R. Palupi Endah Retno Palupi Endang Gati Lestari ENDANG MURNIATI Eny Widajati Evayusvita Rustam Evayusvita Rustam Fadillah, Arvin Muhammad Fatiani Manik Fatiani Manik Firdaus, Jonni Fitri Viva Yuningsih, Aida Fitriansyah, Muhammad Ramdhani Heri Ahmadi Heru Setiawan Heru Setiawan Husna Fatima Eprilian Karmaita, Yummama Kartika Kartika Kartika Kartika Ketty Suketi Khairani Khairani Lilih Naelun Najah Luluk Prihastuti Ekowahyuni Luluk Prihastuti Ekowahyuni Manohara, Dyah - Maryati Sari Mubarak, Farahdina Muhamad Noor Azizu, Muhamad Noor Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Abdul Rahman Hakim Muhammad Rofiq Nabila, Diah Ayu Nafisah Nafisah Neti, Natali Nurul Hidayah NURUL HIDAYAH Nurul Rostami Dewi Nurul Rostami Dewi Otih Rostiana Palupi, Endah R. Pipin Apriani Purwono Purwono, Purwono Putri Mian Hairani Putri, Lystiana Dewi Qadir, Abdul Risa Wentasari Roedhy Poerwanto Rokhani Hasbullah RUSMIN, DEVI Satriyas Ilyas Setyowati, Nur Farida Sinaga, Tamara Rudang Astari SRIANI SUJIPRIHATI Sriani Sujiprihati Suci Rahayu Supramana Surjono Hadi Sutjahjo Suryo Wiyono Suwarto Suwarto Syarifa Mustika Syarifa Mustika Taisa, Rianida Tatiek K. Suharsi Tatiek K. Suharsi Tatiek Kartika Suharsi Usman Ahmad Widodo Widodo Zulfa Fauziyyah Taini