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JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 14108917 EISSN : 25979914 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering

urnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (p-ISSN: 1410-8917) and e-ISSN: 2597-9914) is published by Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University. This journal is published four times per year and publishes research, review and short communication in field of Chemistry.

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Search results for , issue "Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019" : 15 Documents clear

Total Hyptolide of Indonesian Hyptis pectinata extracts in a various solvent using HPLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy and their toxicities Meiny Suzery; Siti Khumairoh; Bambang Cahyono
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

The bioactive compound of hyptolide has been isolated from an Indonesian plant Hyptis pectinata using various solvents. The pure compound was then used as a standard in quantitative analysis using HPLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy in ethanol (EEth), ethyl acetate (EEa), acetone (Eac) and hexane (Ehex) extract each earned 3.14%, 0.01%, 1.33% and 0.04% (dry weight per sample). The standard curve of hyptolide using UV spectroscopy has been obtained with the coefficient of relationship (r) of 0.997. However, the use of spectroscopy was not recommended for the standardization of hyptolide in the extract due to interference from other compounds that absorb the same wavelength. Furthermore, the toxicity test using the Brine Shrimp lethality test shows LC50 value of 92-181 ppm, which was in EEa compared to EEth, Eac, and Ehex.

Effect of Sodium Periodate on the Adsorption Capacity of Silica-Lignin from Rice Husk on Chromium(VI) Yati B. Yuliyati; Solihudin Solihudin; Atiek Rostika Noviyanti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Reactive groups such as silanol, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups in silica-lignin composites play a role in binding to chromium(VI) ions. The activation of functional groups in silica-lignin can be increased by the addition of an activator such as sodium periodate, which can also oxidize the lignin monomer (guaiasil) to ortho-quinone. This study aimed to obtain silica-lignin composites from rice husks activated by sodium periodate with a high surface area. Composite absorption was tested on chromium(VI) adsorption. Silica-lignin isolation was carried out by using the sol-gel method at concentrations of sodium hydroxide 5, 10, 15, and 20% (b/b). Silica-lignin activated with sodium periodate 10% (b/b) had the smallest particle size of about 8μm, with a surface area of 14.0888 m2.g-1 and followed Halsey isotherm adsorption model, with an adsorption capacity of 0.3054 mg.g-1.

The potential of Endophytic Fungal Extract Isolated from Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) as Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Eris Septiana; Fauzy Rachman; Yatri Hapsari; Yadi Yadi; Bustanussalam Bustanussalam; Siti Irma Rahmawati; Fauzia Nurul izzati; Partomuan Simanjuntak
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

An increase in blood glucose levels in people with diabetes can cause an increase in free radicals, which can worsen the disease. Thus, drugs that have antidiabetic and antioxidant activities are needed. The cinnamon plant is high in antioxidants and has long been used as a source for a diabetes drug. The utilization of endophytic fungi isolated from cinnamon plants as antidiabetic and antioxidant has never been reported. This study aims to investigate the antidiabetic as well as antioxidant activity from the extract of endophytic fungi from the cinnamon plant. The antidiabetic activity was tested using the α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition method, while antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH free radical scavenging method. Total phenol content was measured based on the Follin-Ciocalteu reagent reaction. All endophytic fungal extracts from the cinnamon leaves, twigs, flowers, and fruit have antidiabetic and antioxidant activity as well as high total phenol content. The three parameters measured showed a positive correlation. Endophytic fungal extract of Cb.D6 isolate derived from the leaf had the highest antidiabetic and antioxidant activity among the other isolates amounting to 92.41% and 90.28%, respectively. In addition, the total phenol content of Cb.D6 isolates was also the highest with 357.83 mg equivalent to gallic acid/g extract. Therefore, the endophytic fungal extract of Cb.D6 isolate has the potential to be developed as a source of the antidiabetic and antioxidant ingredients.

Study of Equilibrium and Kinetics of Pb(II) in Solution Using Persimmon Tannin Gel as an Adsorbent Thamrin Azis; La Ode Ahmad; Fajrin E. Rosa; Laode Abdul Kadir
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Heavy metals concentrations exceeding the recommended threshold are hazardous for the environment, so there is a need for handling it safely. The purpose of this research was to determine the adsorption capacity and kinetics of adsorption. This research uses an adsorption method in the process of removing Pb(II) heavy metal ions using persimmon tannin gel. Besides the influence of contact time, pH, and the concentration of Pb(II) metal ions on adsorption, a kinetics study was also carried out. The adsorption rate is obtained through the adsorption rate constant (K) and the reaction order generated from the kinetics model. Based on the results of the research, showed the optimum adsorption process, which is 20 minutes and at a pH of 5. The maximum adsorption capacity of 17.62 mg/g with the value of the standard energy changes of Gibbs adsorption (-ΔG° = -14.274 kJ/moll) indicates that the adsorption takes place through physical interaction. The kinetic adsorption gives the adsorption rates a constant of, k = 0.008231 g/mg.min.

Green synthesis of Ag/TiO2 Nanocomposite Assisted by Gambier Leaf (Uncaria gambir Roxb) Extract Sry Wahyuni; Syukri Syukri; Syukri Arief
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Studies of green synthesis of nanoparticles mediated by plants extract is extensively explored and studied in recent time due to eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness, and use a minimum amount of toxic chemicals in the process of inorganic material synthesis. In this study, the immobilization of silver nanoparticles on the surface of titanium dioxide (TiO2) was carried out using Uncaria gambier Roxb. leaf extract as a silver ion (Ag+) reducing agent. The synthesized Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite was characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS). The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed through UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis, which showed a silver surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 426 nm. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that Ag can inhibit the transition of the anatase into rutile phase. The presence of Ag particles in TiO2 can increase the absorption ability from an initial wavelength of 407 nm to 438 nm. Based on the results of Rhodamin B degradation, it can be seen that Ag/TiO2 has a higher photocatalytic activity than bare TiO2 with 99% percent degradation at 120 minutes of irradiation time.

Use of Microwave Radiation for Activating Carbon from Rice Husk Using ZnCl2 Activator Arnelli Arnelli; Ulya Hanifah Henrika Putri; Fandi Nasrun Cholis; Yayuk Astuti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Activated carbon is one of the most commonly used adsorbents in a variety of separation processes because it is inexpensive, and also the design and principal of application are quite simple. The ability of activated carbon as an adsorbent is related to its large surface area and pore volume, varying pore structure, and diverse surface reactivity. The use of microwave radiation can further improve the efficiency of activated carbon adsorption. Micro-waves can affect the pore texture and surface of the activated carbon, but rarely do both practitioners and researchers control these variables influencing the relationship between features and performance of biomass-based activated carbon as an adsorbent at the time of manufacture from the initial stage (carbonation) to carbon application active (e.g., adsorption of heavy metals, surfactants, and organic molecules). This study aims to synthesize activated carbon from rice husk, which has the efficiency and capacity of adsorption of heavy metals such as Pb and activator organic molecules used is ZnCl2 30% and microwave radiation. This research has succeeded in making activated carbon using the ZnCl2 activator and microwave radiation. The time and power of microwave radiation that provides the highest efficiency in the carbon activation process for Pb ion adsorbate, were 7 minutes and 800 W. For phenol adsorbate was 5 minutes at 800 W. The highest efficiency time and concentration of adsorption for Pb ion adsorbate were 40 minutes at 60 ppm while for phenol adsorbate were 5 hours at 100 ppm. The adsorption efficiency for Pb cation adsorbate was 99.57%. While for phenol adsorbate is 81.05%. Characterization with FTIR, SEM-EDX, and SAA showed a C-Cl bond, the pores were visible, and an increased surface area of activated carbon was 36.9 times the surface area of carbon and the pores formed were mesoporous.

Utilization of Rice Husk Cellulose as a Magnetic Nanoparticle Biocomposite Fiber Source for the Absorption of Manganese (Mn2+) Ions in Peat Water Emil Zacky Effendi; Yudhi Christian Hariady; Muhammad Daffa Salaahuddin; Chairul Irawan; Iryanti Fatyasari Nata
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Rice husk (RH) is an agricultural waste that contains cellulose. Rice husk fiber (RHF) can be used as a source of fiber in the manufacture of magnetic nanoparticle biocomposite. The purpose of this study is to synthesize and characterize magnetic nanoparticle biocomposite used as an adsorbent and evaluate its performance on the adsorption of Mn2+ ions and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) in peat water. Rice husk fiber was delignified to eliminate lignin levels. Furthermore, the biocomposite was made through the solvothermal method with and without the addition of hexanediamine. The products produced are two types of adsorbents, namely magnetic nanoparticle biocomposite with an amino group (RHB-MH) and rice husk fiber biocomposite without an amino group (RHB-M). These biocomposites were used to adsorb Mn2+ ions in peat water. Evaluations were carried out at pH 5, 6, 7, and 8 with an optimum adsorption time of 60 minutes. The solutions at the time of adsorption were evaluated to determine the optimum conditions of the adsorption process carried out. The observation of magnetic nanoparticle biocomposite based on the analysis of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows magnetic nanoparticles formed on the surface of rice husk fiber with a diameter of 30-50 nm. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the delignification of rice husk increased Crystallinity Index (CrI) by 64.98% and reduced silica content by 78%. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectrometer show absorption peak at 570 cm-1 for Fe-O bonds and Fe3O4 peak around 1627 cm−1, indicating the presence of N-H bending. The optimum condition for Mn2+ adsorption was achieved at pH 5 and 60-minutes duration with an adsorption capacity of 54.7 mg/g and 190.78 mg/g for RHB-M and RHB-MH. The TSS reduction achieved the effectiveness of 60.2% and 90.3% for BSP-M and BSP-MH, respectively.

Inhibitory Activity of HEp-2 Cells by Honey from Indonesia La Ode Sumarlin; Anna Muawanah; Farhan Riza Afandi; Adawiah Adawiah
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Indonesian local honey contains active compounds that have the potential as an antioxidant and anticancer, primarily as a laryngeal anticancer through the inhibition of HEp-2 cells. This study aims to determine the anticancer activity of several types of honey in Indonesia through the inhibition of HEp-2 cells. Samples used in the form of Trigona, Longan, Rambutan, and Kaliandra honey obtained from honey farmers in Sulawesi and Java, Indonesia. Honey samples extracted by using methanol, then liquids partition was carried out consecutively using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The cytotoxicity test for HEp-2 cells was carried out using the MTT method (3- (4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-il) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide). The results showed that all honey samples were active against preventing HEp-2 cells with the highest inhibition activity from longan honey with ethyl acetate extract at 65.18% at 100 ppm. Longan honey has decreased HEp-2 cell inhibitory activity after fractionation. Indonesian local honey, namely trigona honey, kaliandra honey, rambutan honey, and longan honey, can be used as a supplementary supplement for patients with laryngeal cancer.

The Effect of Cu Ohmic Contact on Photoelectrochemical Property of S-CuO Thin Film Photocathodes Aziz Amrullah; Gunawan Gunawan; Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

The development of semiconductor materials as photocathodes that have excellent performance is significant for the photoelectrochemical reaction of hydrogen evolution. The thin film of sulfur-doped Copper (II) oxide (S-CuO) was successfully synthesized using the cyclic voltammetry method. Investigation of photoelectrochemical properties of S-CuO photocathodes, including current density, onset potential, applied photon to current efficiency (ABPE), and bandgap had been carried out. It was reported that the Cu ohmic contact affected the photoelectrochemical properties and the stability of the thin film. The presence of Cu ohmic contact can improve the performance of S-CuO thin film photocathodes. The S-CuO TU 20 mM thin film has the best response with a current density of -0.923 mA/cm2, an onset potential of 0.59 V, and ABPE of 0.21%. Stability occurred at pH 7 in 0.2M NaH2PO4. The optical analysis showed S-CuO TU 20 mM bandgap of 1.7 eV.

Polyaniline Modified Natural Zeolite as Adsorbent for Chromium(III) Metal Ion Rina Nurianingsih; Sriatun Sriatun; Adi Darmawan
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 6 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 6 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Zeolite is an inorganic material whose surface has a permanent negative charge in its crystal structure. This material consists of tetrahedral [SiO4]-4 and [AlO4]-5, which are connected by oxygen atoms in such a way as to form an open three-dimensional framework containing canals and cavities, as well as alkali or alkali metals for balancing the negative charge. This structure makes zeolites have the ability to adsorb. The ability of natural zeolite adsorption can improve by modifying the surface by adding polyaniline cationic compounds (PANI), which have an amine group (: NH2). Moreover, environmental pollution by metals is the biggest problem in daily life, one of which is the metal ion Cr(III), which is a waste from industrial processes. Therefore, it is necessary to have an effort to reduce waste. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of polyaniline on the adsorption ability of natural zeolites to metal ions Cr(III). The research was carried out in several stages, namely activation of natural zeolite using HF 1%, modification with polymer from aniline monomers, and ammonium peroxidisulphate (APS), and testing the ability of adsorption on Cr(III) metal ions. The study on the ability to adsorb Cr(III) metal ions by PANI-modified zeolites was carried out on variations in the concentration of Cr(III) metal ions and the system pH. The results showed that natural zeolite successfully modified with PANI. The FTIR absorption band at wavenumber 1303 -1319 cm-1 and 1597 cm-1 indicated the presence of NH functional groups. Meanwhile, adsorption capability test data showed that the best adsorbent for adsorption of Cr(III) metal ions was zeolite-PANI 0.01M. The best pH was 4, the initial concentration of Cr(III) metal ions was 1000 ppm, and the percentage of absorption is 48.13%.

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Adi Darmawan

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