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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
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Articles 8 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 1, No 2 (2016)" : 8 Documents clear
Maternal Employment Status, Ethnicity, Food Intake, and Their Effects on Teenage Obesity, in Surakarta Susanti, Rahmah Purwaningsih Febri; Murti, Bhisma; Indarto, Dono
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 1, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Obesity is one of the main causesof premature death in adulthood. The prevalence of teenage obesity in Indonesia hasbeen increasing from 1.4% in 2007 to 7.3%. It is hypothesized that the risk of obesity is influenced by lifestyle and socio-economic status. This study aimed to determine the effect of maternal job status, ethnicity, and food intake, on the risk of obesity in teenagers.Subjects and Method: This was an analytical observational using case-control design. This study was conducted in Surakarta, in September – November 2016. A total of 120 teenagers were selected for the study, consisting of 41obese teenagers aged 16-18 years old and 79 normal weight teenagers, using fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was obesity. The independent variables were maternal employment status, ethnicity, carbohydrate intake, fat intake, and energy intake. The data were collected using a set of questionnaires. Food intake was measured by 24 hour food recall. The data were analyzed using path analysis model.Results: Energy intake had positive, significant, and direct effect on the risk of teenage obesity (b = 6.75; 95%CI = 4.36 to 9.14; p = <0.001). Working mother indirectly had positive and significant effect on teenage obesity, via fat intake (b=0.77; 95% CI = 0.03 to 1.52; p=0.040). Fat intake indirectly had positive and significant effect on teenage obesity, via energy intake (b=4.16; 95%CI=1.95 to 6.38; p=0.001). Likewise, carbohydrateintake had positive and significant effect on teenage obesity, via energy intake(b = 3.31; 95% CI= 1.73 to 4.88; p = 0.001). Ethnicity (Chinese versus Javanese) did not have significant effect on teenage obesity (b =-1.14; 95% CI =-3.56 to 1.28; p = 0.355).Conclusion: Energy intake has direct effect on the risk of teenage obesity. Fat intake, carbohydrate intake, and maternal employment status, have indirect effect on the risk of teenage obesity.Keywords: maternal employment status, ethnicity,food intake, obesity, teenager.Correspondence: Rahmah Purwaningsih Febri Susanti. Master Program in Public Health Sebelas Maret University. Email: rahmahpfs77@gmail.comJournal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2016), 1(2): 75-85https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.02.01
Association Between Participation in HIV/ AIDS Peer Group, Stigma, Discrimination, and Quality of Life of People Living with HIV/ AIDS Kurniasari, Mia Ashari; Murti, Bhisma; Demartoto, Argyo
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 1, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The quality of life of people living with HIV/ AIDS (PLH) is of public health concern and calls for attention. The quality of life of PLH may be affected by stigma and discrimination. Peer group of PLHs may have an important role in improving the quality of life of PLHs. This study aimed to investigate the association between participation in HIV/ AIDS peer group, stigma, discrimination, and quality of life of PLHs.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic and observational study with cross sectional design. This study was conducted in Tulungagung, East Java, from November, 2016 to January, 2017. A total of 65 PLHs participating in HIV/ AIDS peer group and 35 PLHs not participating in HIV/ AIDS peer group were selected for this study by  fixed exposure sampling. The dependent variable was quality of life of PLHs. The independent variables were participation in HIV/ AIDS peer group, stigma, and discrimination. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis model.Results: Participation in HIV/ AIDS peer group (b=0.27; p=<0.001), social support (b=0.43; p=<0.001), and family support (b=0.18 p=0.021), had positive associations with a decrease in stigma and discrimination towards PLHs. Higher income (b=0.33; p=0.026), higher education level (b=0.21; p=<0.001), less stigma and discrimination (b=0.33; p=<0.001), had positive associations with quality of life of PLHs. Core self evalution  showed positive association with quality of life of PLHs (b=0.31; p=<0.001).Conclusion: Participation in HIV/ AIDS peer group, social support, and family support, are positively associated with a decrease in stigma and discrimination towards PLHs. Higher income, higher education, less stigma and discrimination, are positively associated with quality of life of PLHs. Core self evalution is positively associated with quality of life of PLHs.Keywords: HIV/ AIDS peer group, stigma, discrimination, social support, family support, quality of lifeCorrespondence: Mia Ashari Kurniasari. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Email: Deandagelis@gmail.com. Mobile: 0851216175293.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2016), 1(2): 125-132https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.02.06
Risk Factors Affecting Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Surakarta and Ngawi, Indonesia Aderita, Novi Indah; Murti, Bhisma; Suryani, Nunuk
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 1, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The success rate of Tuberculosis treatment in Indonesia decreased by 81.3% in 2014, which below the 85% target. The current increasing problem in the developing world is multidrug resistance of Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Many factors may contribute to MDR-TB. At the individual level these factors may include adherence to medication, perception of vulnerability, seriousness, benefit, barrier, and nutritional status. At the institutional level these factors may include the availability of drugs and implementation of DOTS program. This study aimed to analyze factors that affect MDR-TB in Surakarta and Wonogiri district, Central Java, Indonesia.Subjects and Method: This was an observasional analytic study with case control design. It was carried out in August-October 2016 in Surakarta and Ngawi, Indonesia. A total of 120 patients were selected by fixed disease sampling. Another sample of 44 health workers was also selected for the study. The endogenous variables: adherence, nutritional status, and implementation of the treatment of DOTS. The exogenous variables: perception of vulnerability, seriousness, benefits, barriers, the availability of anti Tuberculosis drugs. The data was collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Nutritional status (b=-2.98; 95% CI =-5.31 to -0.64; p = 0.012), adherence to anti Tuberculosis drugs (b=-3.38; 95% CI =-5.94 to -0.82; p = 0.010), treatment with DOTS for MDR TB (b=-0.88; 95% CI = 1.43-3.18 ; p = 0.456) were associated with MDR-TB. Perceived vulnerability (b= 2.81; 95% CI= 0.99 to 4.64; p = 0.003), seriousness (b=4.47; CI 95% = 2.38 to 6.57; p 0.001), benefits (b= 3.4; CI 95%= 1.52 to 5.18; p=0.001), barriers (b =-1.81; 95% CI=-3.48 to -1.39; p=0.034), as well as availability of DOTS treatment (b = 3.14; CI 95% = 0.95 to 5.32; p = 0.002), were associated with adherence to treatment.Conclusion: Nutritional status, adherence to treatment, implementation of DOTS strategy for MDR-TB affect the risk of MDR TB. Perceived vulnerability, seriousness, benefit, and barrier, as well as availability of DOTS treatment, affect adherence to treatment. Partnership between patients and health care personnel is recommended to increase the success of TB treatment.Keywords: tuberculosis, risk factor, MDR-TB, adherence to treatmentCorrespondence: Novi Indah Aderita. Polytechnic of Health Sciences Bhakti Mulia, Sukoharjo, Central Java Email: adherita_alhaniin@yahoo.comJournal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2016), 1(2): 86-99https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.02.02 
Effect of Socio-demographic Factors on the Consistency of Condom Use among Female Sex Workers in Tulungagung District, East Java Hanifa, Ainun; Probandari, Ari Natalia; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 1, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) is common among female sex workers (FSW). STI can be cured by correct diagnosis and prompt treatment. Correct treatment depends on the specific causal infection agent, as well as host and environmental factors. This study aimed to examine the effect of socio-demographic factors on the consistency of condom use among female sex workers in Tulungagung district, East Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic and observational study using cohort design. It was conducted at Ngujang and Gunung Bolo  prostitution areas, Tulungagung, East Java, from November to December 2017. A total sample of 90 female sex workers was selected for this study. The dependent variable was consistency of condom use. The independent variables were age, marital status, education, urban-rural residence, exposure to information from health personnel. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and diary. The data were analyzed by chi square and logistic regression model.Results: Bivariate analysis with chi square test showed that female sex workers working at Ngujang prostitution area (OR= 11.7; 95% CI=11.7-95.9; p= <0.001), widow (OR= 1.28; 95% CI= 1.12-1.45; p=0.012), education level lower than senior high school (OR= 1.30; 95% CI= 1.13-1.49; p= 0.005), were more likely to use condom consistently than those working at Gunung Bolo, married/ single, education level senior high school or higher, respectively. Female sex workers aged ≥35 years old (OR= 0.77; 95% CI= 0.68-0.89; p= 0.006), rural origin (OR=-0.65; 95% CI= 0.2-2.12; p= 0.474), receiving health information from health personnel (OR= 0.79; 95% CI= 0.70- 0.90; p= 0.017), were less likely to use condom consistently than aged <35 years old, urban origin, not receiving information from health personnel.Conclusion: Female sex workers working at Ngujang prostitution area, widow, education level less than high school, were more likely to use condom consistently than at Gunung Bolo, married/single, education level senior high school/higher, respectively.      Keywords: sexually transmitted infection, consistent use of condom, socio-demographic factorsCorrespondence: Ainun Hanifa. Diploma III Program in Midwifery, Tulungagung University. Email: arfabachtiar13@gmail.com.Journal of  Epidemiology and Public Health (2016), 1(2): 133-139https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.02.07
Multilevel Analysis on the Social Determinants of Cervical Cancer in Yogyakarta Sari, Heni Elmiani; Mudigdo, Ambar; Demartoto, Argyo
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 1, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: There are 527.600 new cases of invasive cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is caused by infection with the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) 16 and 18 study was conducted in the city of Yogyakarta. This study aimed to analyze the social determinants on cervical cancer by multilevel analysis in Yogyakarta.Subjects and Methods: This was an observational analytic study with case control design. This was conducted on March 31 to May 4, 2016. A total of 120 samples were selected by fixed disease sampling with a ratio 1:3. The data collected was using a questionnaire and analyzed with Logistic Regression.Results: The risk of cervical cancer with a positive effect on family income (OR = 3.45 95% CI = 0.26 to 45.45 p = 0.346), age of first sexual intercourse (OR = 8.54 95% CI = 1.17 to 62.41 p = 0.034), number of sexual partners (OR = 14.60 95% CI = 2.93-72.66 p = 0.001), oral contra­ceptives (OR = 1.85 95% CI = 0:37 to 9:20 p = 0452), nutritional status (OR = 5.69 95% CI = 1.36 to 23.82 p = 0.017), hygiene genitalia (OR = 9:23 95% CI = 1.76 to 48.35 p = 0.009), and an effect reversed by education (OR = 0:14 95% CI = 0:09 to 2:08, p = 0.155). ICC value of 40.68% indicating the risk of cervical cancer in women varies and a variation of 40.68% at the level of environmental sanitation home.Conclusion: There is a positive effect of family income, age of first sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, nutritional status, hygiene genitalia, and sanitary home environment, on the risk of cervical cancer. There is an inverse effect of education on the risk of cervical cancer. The society  is expected to be aware of cervical cancer.Keywords: multilevel analysis, social determinants, cervical cancer.Correspondence: Heni Elmiani Sari. School of Midwifery (AKBID) Kutai Husada, Tenggarong, Indonesia. Email: henyelmiani@gmail.comJournal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2016), 1(2): 100-107https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.02.03
Path Analysis on the Determinants of Neonatal Asphyxia at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang Lestary, Dewy Indah; Sulaeman, Endang Sutisna; Suryani, Nunuk
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 1, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Neonatal asphyxia is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality. Many factors may have caused neonatal mortality. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of neonatal asphyxia at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study using case control design. The study was conducted at Dr. Saiful Anwar, Malang, East Java, in June 2016. A total of 53 newborn babies with asphyxia (cases) and 159 newborn babies without asphyxia (controls) were selected by fixed disease sampling for this study. There were three exogenous variables: prematurity, maternal age, and parity. The endogenous variables were birthweight and neonatal asphyxia. The data were collected by a checklist. The data were analyzed by path analysis model.Results: Low birthweight had positive direct effect on the risk of neonatal asphyxia (b=1.61; 95% CI= 0.86 to 2.37; p<0.001). Prematurity (b=0.93; 95% CI= 0.13 to 1.74; p<0­.02­3)­, maternal ages <20 years or ≥35 years (b=0.97; 95%CI = 0.05 to 1.87; p<0.034), and parity primipara or ≥4 parity (b=1.00; 95% CI = 0.155 to 1.85; p<0.021), had positive indirect effects on the risk of neonatal asphyxia via low birthweight.Conclusion: Low birthweight had positive direct effect on the risk of neonatal asphyxia. Prematurity­, maternal ages <20 years or ≥35 years, and parity primipara or ≥4 parity, had positive indirect effects on the risk of neonatal asphyxia via low birthweight.Keywords: neonatal asphyxia, low birth weight, prematurity, maternal age, parity.Correspondence: Dewy Indah Lestary. Academy of Midwifery Wijaya Kusuma, Malang, East Java. Email: dewylestary86@gmail.comJournal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2016), 1(2): 140-147https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.02.08 
Bio-psychosocial Determinants of Quality of Life in the Elderly Prasetyaningsih, Roh Hastuti; Indarto, Dono; Akhyar, Muhammad
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 1, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The quality of life of elderly people has become relevant with the demographic shift that has resulted in greying of population. In Indonesia the number of old people has been increasing rapidly. Despite longer life span, this situation poses quality of life concern. It is then of interest to study determinants of quality of life in the elderly, so that necessary measures can be taken to improve the quality of life in the elderly. This study aimed to examined bio-psichosocial factors associated with the quality of life in the elderly.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study using case control design. This study was conducted in Laweyan and Banjarsari, Surakarta. A total of 141 elderly consisting of 47 elderly who lived in the nursing home and 94 elderly who lived at their own home, were selected for this study, by fixed exposure sampling. The independent variables were age, education, income, family support, residential status, and depression. The dependent variables was quality of life. The data were collected with a set of questionnaire and analyzed using path analysis model.Results: As many as 40.4% of the elderly studied had good quality of life. Higher income (b = 0.93; 95%CI = 0.06 to 1.86; p = 0.048) and education (b=0.82; 95%CI= -0.01 to 1.66; p= 0.053) is associated with better quality of life. Depression (b =-1.01; 95%CI =-1.78 to -0.23; p = 0.010) and age ≥ 60 years old (b=-0.47; 95% CI= -1.28 to 0.33; p= 0.249). Living at own home decreased depression, higher education increased income, family support increased living at home.Conclusion: Income and education increase the quality of life. Depression and older age decrease the quality of life.Key words: bio-psychosocial, quality of life, elderlyCorrespondence: Roh hastuti Prasetyaningsih. Health Polytechnics, Poltekkes Surakarta, Central JavaJournal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2016), 1(2): 108-117https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.02.04
Analysis of Inputs in the Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening with Voluntary Counselling and Testing Program for Female Prisoners at Class II A Jail, in Malang Alfitri, Rosyidah; Demartoto, Argyo; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 1, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The increasing incidences of Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) and Human Immonodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection are becoming serious public health concerns in Indonesia and other countries. These issues are of concern  that call for close attention not only for general public but also for male and female prisoners. As studies have shown the prevalences of HIV and syphilis were 1.1% and 5.1% in male prisoners, respectively, 6% and 8.5% in female prisoners. For those reasons,  at some  jails  Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) have been provided  for HIV/AIDS control and prevention. The success of the screening program with VCT would depend on  the provision of supplies, equipment, infrastructure, health personnel, and fund. This study aimed to analyze the adequacy of various inputs in the STI screening program with VCT for prisoners at the Class II A female jail, in Malang, East Java.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with evaluation approach. This study was conducted at the Class II A female jail, in Malang, East Java. The study applied CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model. Key informants for this study included health personnels at the Class II A female jail clinics, in Malang, East Java, the STI mobile health care team from Arjuno Community Health Center Malang, and female prisoners, who were known as Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan (WBP)Results: Average monthly visits at the VCT clinic were 21 female prisoners, which amounted to only a few of the total number of female prisoners. The health care team involved in the STI screening with VCT program, included skilled health personnel from the jail and the mobile STI team from Arjuno Community Health Center, Malang. The sources of fund for these programs came from the international as well as domestic funding agencies. The international funding came from the Global Fund. The domestic funding came from the Ministry of Law and Human Civil Rights, and the Municipality Health Office Malang, which provided reagents and medicine. Supplies, equipments, and infrastructure, were provided by Arjuno Community Health Center Malang and the Class II A female jail clinics, in Malang. The laboratory was provided by the health center. The reagents were sufficiently provided by the municipality health office, although there was a supply delay in February 2016.Conclusion: Inputs of the STI screening with VCT program at the Class II A female jail clinics, in Malang, East Java, which included supplies, equipment, infrastructure, health personnel, and funding, are sufficiently provided.    Keywords: analysis, input, screening, STI, VCTCorrespondence: Rosyidah Alfitri. Diploma III School of Midwifery, Dr. Soepraoen Hospital, Malang. Email: elfitri.mafaza@gmail.com.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2016), 1(2): 118-124https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.02.05 

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