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Kajian Spasial Multi Kriteria DRASTIC Kerentanan Air tanah Pesisir Akuifer Batugamping di Tanjungbumi Madura Erik Febriarta; Muh Aris Marfai; Dyah Rahmawati Hizbaron; Ajeng Larasati
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 18, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.18.3.476-487

Air tanah pesisir memiliki potensi kerentanan air tanah terhadap pencemaran tinggi, hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh penyusun batuan bersifat porus. Selain faktor porusnya sifat batuan melolosakan air tanah, batugamping juga memiliki potensi kerentanan tinggi dengan media celah atau rekah dalam menyimpan dan melolosakan air tanah dengan percepatan pergerakan air tanah yang tinggi. Semakin cepat batuan mengalirkan air di dalam tanah, maka berpotensi tinggi dalam menyebarkan sumber pencemar di dalam sistem akuifer. Kecamatan Tanjungbumi berada di pesisir dengan batuan penysun didominasi oleh pasiran dan batugamping (Formasi Madura). Secara litologi akuifer, terdiri atas 70,3 % akuifer batugamping dan 29,7 % akuiufer pasiran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan zona kerentanan air tanah terhadap pencemaran pada akuifer pesisir dengan penyusun batuan dominan batugamping. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, maka dilakukan analisis spasial multi kriteria dengan pendekatan DRASTIC. Metode DRASTIC dapat merepresentarikan kerentanan air tanah dengan pendekatan hidrogeologi. Paramater yang digunakan antara lain depth to water / kedalaman muka air tanah (D), recharge / imbuhan air (R), aquifer / jenis akufer (A), soil media / tekstur tanah (S), topography / kemiringan lereng (T), impact of vadose zone media / jenis zona tak jenuh (I), dan conductivity hydraulic / konduktivitas hidraulis akuifer (C). Parameter yang digunakan mempunyai pengaruh dalam menentukan kerentanan yang dibedakan dengan nilai dan nilai bobot. Pendekatan parameter bobot tinggi memberikan informasi faktor yang paling berpengaruh mempengaruhi kerentanan air tanah. Perhitungan hasil skor total diperoleh dari perhitungan linier seluruh parameter, kemudian klasifikasikan kelas kerentanan air tanah terhadap pencemaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kerentanan air tanah multikriteria menghasilkan lima tingkat kerentanan air tanah terhadap pencemaran. Kerentanan sangat rendah 2,18 km2 (3,20 %), kerentanan rendah seluas 10,01 km2 (14,69 %), kerentanan sedang seluas 45,74 km2 (67,11 %), kerentanan tinggi seluas 7,22 km2 (10,59 %), dan kerentanan sangat tinggi dengan luas 3 km2 (4,40%) dari luas kecamatan Tanjungbumi.AbstractCoastal groundwater has the potential for groundwater vulnerability to high pollution, this is influenced by porous rock constituents. In addition to the porous factor of groundwater, limestone also has a high potential for vulnerability to the medium of gaps or fractures in storing and releasing groundwater with a high acceleration of groundwater movement. The faster the rock drains water in the soil, the higher the potential for spreading pollutants in the aquifer system. Tanjungbumi Subdistrict is located on the coast with the rock formation dominated by sand and limestone (Madura Formation). In terms of aquifer lithology, it consists of 70,3 % limestone aquifer and 29.7% sandwater aquifer. Purpose of this study was to determine the zone of groundwater vulnerability to pollution in coastal aquifers with limestone dominant rock constituents. To achieve this goal, a multi-criteria spatial analysis using the DRASTIC approach was carried out. The DRASTIC method can represent groundwater vulnerability with a hydrogeological approach. The parameters used include depth to water (D), recharge (R), aquifer (A), soil media (S), topography (T), impact of vadose zone media (I), and hydraulic conductivity (C). The parameters used have an influence in determining the vulnerability which is differentiated by the value and weight value. The high weight parameter approach provides information on the factors that most influence the vulnerability of groundwater. The calculation of the total score is obtained from a linear calculation of all parameters, then classify the groundwater vulnerability class to pollution. The results showed that multi-criteria groundwater vulnerability resulted in five levels of groundwater vulnerability to pollution. Very low vulnerability is 2,18 km2 (3,20 %), low vulnerability is 10,01 km2 (14,69 %), medium vulnerability is 45,74 km2 (67,11 %), high vulnerability is 7,22 km2 (10,59 %), and very high vulnerability with an area of 3 km2 (4,40 %) of the area of Tanjungbumi district.

Kajian Terhadap Kondisi Sosial, Ekonomi dan Budaya Masyarakat dalam Mendukung Pengelolaan Cagar Alam Ndeta Kelikima di Kabupaten Ende Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Martinus Rhaki; Ludji M Riwu Kaho; Blajan Konradus
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 18, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.18.3.424-435

Cagar Alam (CA) merupakan kawasan konservasi yang mutlak dilindungi dari aktivitas manusia. Kondisi demikian berbeda dengan CA Ndeta Kelikima dimana telah ada permukiman dan pertanian masyarakat Desa Aelipo. Beberapa hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa kondisi sosial, ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat sekitarnya penting untuk diperhatikan dalam pengeloaan CA. Penelitian terkait kondisi sosial, ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat dalam pengelolaan CA khususnya di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur belum pernah diteliti (atau masih sedikit diteliti) sehingga ini perlu dilakukan. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kondisi sosial, ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat dalam mendukung pengelolaan CA Ndeta Kelikima serta rekomendasi pengelolaannya. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Aelipo di dalam kawasan CA Ndeta Kelikima di Kabupaten Ende Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Pengambilan sampelnya dengan kriteria berbatasan langsung/bermukim di dalam kawasan dan masyarakatnya memanfaatkan lahan pertanian sebagai sumber pendapatannya yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2019. Perolehan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, diskusi terbatas dan triangulasi dengan cara purposive sampling dan snowball sampling serta data sekunder. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif melalui analisis SWOT yaitu kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi sosial masyarakat Desa Aelipo dalam klasifikasi sosial rendah (79,04 %), ekonomi (menggarap lahan dalam kawasan) berklasifikasi tinggi (69,52 %) dan budaya, masih menjunjung adat istiadat dalam struktur lembaga adat dengan peran dominan dari tokoh adat (mosalaki) dalam pembagian hak ulayat serta tradisi menghormati hutan disekitarnya. Kondisi biofisik, terjadi penurunan tutupan hutan padat tahun 1997 hingga tahun 2017 sehingga hutan jarang, semak belukar dan savana meningkat. Perubahan tersebut diduga karena tekanan penduduk dan semakin menyempitnya lahan pertanian. Analisis SWOT menggambarkan strategi pengelolaan CA Ndeta Kelikima berada pada kuadran satu dengan nilai kekuatan dan peluang (1,745 dan 1,733) > dari kelemahan dan tantangan (1,641 dan 1,631) yang berarti kondisi saat ini mempunyai kekuatan dan peluang yang menguntungkan untuk diimplementasikan di tingkat lapangan. Rekomendasi pengelolaannya adalah memprioritaskan rencana pengelolaan dan penataan batas fungsi, koordinasi antar lembaga melalui skema kerja sama penguatan fungsi, penambahan jumlah personil diikuti sosialisasi dan penyuluhan, reinventarisasi potensi kawasan, evaluasi kesesuaian fungsi dan penegakan hukum kehutanan dalam penanganan permasalahan di CA Ndeta Kelikima. AbstractNature Reserve (NR) is a conservation area that is absolutely protected from human activities. This condition is different from NR Ndeta Kelikima where there are already settlements and agriculture of the people of Aelipo Village. Several research results illustrate that the social, economic and cultural conditions of the surrounding communities are important to be considered in NR management. Research related to the social, economic and cultural conditions of the community in NR management, especially in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara has never been researched (or is still little researched) so this needs to be done. The aim is to find out how the social, economic and cultural conditions of the community support the management of the NR Ndeta Kelikima and its management recommendations. The research location is in Aelipo Village within the NR Ndeta Kelikima area in Ende Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Sampling with the criteria of directly bordering/living in the area and the community utilizing agricultural land as a source of income was carried out in May 2019. Data collection used observation, interviews, limited discussion and triangulation by means of purposive sampling and snowball sampling and secondary data. Data analysis used qualitative descriptive through SWOT analysis, namely strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The results showed that the social conditions of the people of Aelipo Village were in low social classification (79.04%), economy (working on land within the area) were high classified (69.52%) and culture, still upholding customs in the structure of traditional institutions with the dominant role of the figures. adat (mosalaki) in the distribution of customary rights and the tradition of respecting the surrounding forest. Biophysical conditions, there was a decrease in dense forest cover from 1997 to 2017 so that sparse forests, shrubs and savanna increased. This change is thought to be due to population pressure and the narrowing of agricultural land. SWOT analysis illustrates the NR Ndeta Kelikima management strategy is in quadrant one with strengths and opportunities (1,745 and 1,733)> from weaknesses and challenges (1,641 and 1,631), which means that current conditions have favorable strengths and opportunities to be implemented at the field level. Management recommendations are to prioritize management plans and functional boundaries, coordination between institutions through cooperation schemes for strengthening functions, increasing the number of personnel followed by socialization and counseling, reinventing potential areas, evaluating the suitability of functions and enforcing forestry law in handling problems at the NR Ndeta Kelikima.

Penyisihan Nutrien Nitrogen pada Limbah Cair Artifisial NPK Menggunakan Sistem Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs) Sugiarti Sugiarti; Nurul Setiadewi; Dian Oktaviyani; Denalis Rohaningsih
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 18, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.18.3.595-601

Lahan Basah Terapung atau Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs) merupakan salah satu alternatif pengolahan limbah secara alamiah untuk mengurangi kadar polutan pada suatu badan air dengan memanfaatkan akar tanaman sebagai penyerap polutan tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian awal pengolahan limbah pupuk NPK (dengan dasar senyawa N pada konsentrasi tertentu, menggunakan sistem FTW. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi penyisihan konsentrasi nutrien nitrogen, antara lain ammonia, nitrat, dan total nitrogen (TN), di dalam limbah cair artifisial NPK menggunakan sistem FTWs dengan pemanfaatan tanaman melati air (Echinodorus berteroi (Spreng.) Fassett) dan pisang–pisangan (Helliconia psittaforum) sebagai penyerap nutrien tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan untuk rekomendasi alternatif teknologi pengolahan dalam mengatasi masalah pencemaran di perairan. Kolam percobaan sejumlah 4 (empat) diisi pupuk NPK sebagai limbah artifisial dengan konsentrasi N sebesar 2 mg/L. Kolam 1 merupakan kolam kontrol, kolam 2 berisi FTWs tanpa tanaman, kolam 3 berisi FTWs dengan tanaman melati air, dan kolam 4 berisi FTWs dengan tanaman pisang-pisangan. Sampling air dilakukan pada hari ke 3, 10, 24, 35, dan 112. Parameter yang diukur adalah pH, suhu air, kekeruhan, konduktivitas, oksigen terlarut, ammonia, nitrat, dan TN. Tanaman melati air dapat menyisihkan ammonia sebesar 91,19%, nitrat sebesar 100% dan TN sebesar 77,04%. Sedangkan, tanaman pisang-pisangan dapat menyisihkan ammonia sebesar 90,30%, nitrat sebesar 100% dan TN sebesar 67,12%. Kedua jenis tanaman menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang baik, yang ditandai dengan tumbuhnya daun, batang, bunga, dan akar tanaman. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua jenis tanaman tersebut memiliki kemampuan menyerap nutrien nitrogen secara efektif melalui sistem pengolahan FTWs.ABSTRACTFloating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs) is an alternative natural waste treatment which is able to reduce contaminants contained in a water body by utilizing plant roots as an absorber of any pollutants. This research is a preliminary study of NPK fertilizer waste processing (based on N compounds at certain concentrations, using the FTW system).This study aims to determine the efficiency of removal of nitrogen nutrients, including ammonia, nitrate, and total nitrogen (TN), in NPK artificial wastewater using the FTW system. This FTW system utilized Echinodorus teroi (Spreng.) Fassett and Helliconia psittaforum as absorbers of nitrogen nutrient. The results of this study are expected to be the material for recommendations for alternative processing technologies in overcoming the problem of pollution in waters. Four experimental ponds were filled with NPK fertilizer as an artificial waste with nitrogen concentration of 2 mg/L. Pool 1 was a control pool, pool 2 contained FTW without plants, pool 3 contained FTW with Echinodorus teroi (Spreng.) Fassett, and pool 4 contains FTW with Helliconia psittaforum. Water sampling was carried out on days 3, 10, 24, 35, and 112. The parameters measured were pH, air temperature, turbidity, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrate, and TN. Echinodorus teroi (Spreng.) Fassett can remove ammonia by 91,19%, nitrate by 100% and TN by 77,04%. Meanwhile, Helliconia psittaforum can remove ammonia by 90,30%, nitrate by 100% and TN by 67,12%. Both types of plants showed good growth, which was indicated by the leaves growth, as well as the stems, flowers and roots. This showed that both types of plants have the ability to absorb nutrients effectively through the FTWs processing system.

Studi Potensi Airtanah pada Cekungan Airtanah (CAT) Banyumudal, Kabupaten Kebumen, Jawa Tengah T. Listyani R.A.; Thomas Triadi Putranto
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 18, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.18.3.531-544

Cekungan Airtanah (CAT) Banyumudal terletak di Kabupaten Kebumen, seluas 67 km2. Mengacu pada peta geologi regional, daerah ini tersusun atas Formasi Halang, Kalipucang, dan Gabon. Maksud penelitian ini adalah menganalisis potensi airtanah CAT Banyumudal, baik secara kualitas maupun kuantitasnya. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah pengumpulan data sekunder, pemetaan hidrogeologi, akuisisi geolistrik konfigurasi Schlumberger dan uji pemompaan. Pemetaan hidrogeologi dilaksanakan pada 153 titik minatan, meliputi 110 sumur gali, 20 sumur bor, dan 23 mata air. Hasil pengujian laboratorium menunjukkan nilai daya hantar listrik airtanah sebesar 115 - 1.251 μS/cm pada sumur gali, 507- 981 μS/cm pada sumur bor dan 259 - 604 μS/cm pada mata air. Derajat keasaman (pH) airtanah pada sumur gali sebesar 5,761 - 8,5, pada sumur bor 7,013 - 8,333 dan pada mata air 6,747 - 8,204. Hasil plot diagram Stiff menunjukkan adanya 12 tipe airtanah, sedangkan plot diagram Piper menunjukkan 4 fasies airtanah, yaitu fasies alkaline earth water predominantly hydrogencarbonate, fasies alkaline earth water with higher alkaline content predominantly hydrogencarbonate, fasies alkaline water predominantly hydrogencarbonate, dan fasies alkaline water predominantly sulphate chloride. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa airtanah di daerah penelitian berkualitas sedang – sangat baik. Hasil interpretasi geolistrik menunjukkan bahwa litologi bawah permukaan berupa batulempung, batulempung pasiran, batupasir, batugamping, breksi dan tuf. Hanya akuifer bebas yang berkembang di daerah penelitian. Cadangan statis airtanah di daerah penelitian sebesar 200,7×106 m3 sedangkan cadangan dinamis sebesar 33,4 × 106 m3. Daerah penelitian dapat dibagi menjadi dua zona potensi airtanah, yaitu zona potensi airtanah rendah pada akuifer bebas dengan debit optimum 0,553 - 1,492 L/dtk dan zona potensi airtanah sedang pada akuifer bebas dengan debit optimum 2,651 - 3,024 L/dtk.ABSTRACTBanyumudal Groundwater Basin (Banyumudal GWB) is located in Kebumen Regency, covering 67 km2 area. According to the regional geological map, the study area consists of Halang, Kalipucang and Gabon Formations. This study aims to analyze groundwater potency in Banyumudal GWB in quality and quantity. The method of study includes secondary data collection, hydrogeological mapping, geoelectric acquisition with Schlumberger configuration and pumping test. Hydrogeological mapping was done from 153 locations, consist of 110 dug wells, 20 deep wells and 23 springs. Result of the laboratory test shows that groundwater has electrical conductivity (EC) between 115 – 1,251 μS/cm in dug wells, 507 - 981 μS/cm in deep wells and 259 - 604 μS/cm in springs. Groundwater shows an acidity (pH) of 5,761 - 8,5 in dug wells, 7,013 - 8,333 in deep wells and 6,747-8,204 in springs. Result of the Stiff diagram plot shows that there are 12 types of groundwater, while the Piper diagram plot shows 4 groundwater facies namely alkaline earth water predominantly hydrogencarbonate, alkaline earth water with higher alkaline content predominantly hydrogencarbonate, alkaline water predominantly hydrogencarbonate, and alkaline water predominantly sulphate chloride facies. This result generally represent that groundwater in the study area is in the very good – medium range quality. Geoelectric results indicate subsurface litology as claystone, sandy claystone, sandstone, limestone, breccia and tuff. It seems that only unconfined aquifers which exist in the study area. Groundwater reserves in study area include static reserves in amount of 200,7×106 m3 and dynamic reserves in amount of 33,4 × 106 m3. Based on quality and quantity of groundwater, there are two groundwater potential zones, that are low groundwater potential zone in unconfined aquifer with optimum discharge of 0,553 – 1,492 L/s and medium groundwater potential zone in unconfined aquifer with optimum discharge of 2,651 - 3,024 L/s.

Policy Formulation of The Marine Governance in The Coastal Southern Lebak Regency Banten Province Delly Maulana; Arif Nugroho
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 18, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.18.3.565-571

This paper is aimed to explain the presence of marine potentials in the southern coastal area of Lebak Regency, Banten Province that have not been fully exploited. There are several potentials found in this Regency, the extensive coastline of approximately 91.42 km², and the marine resources and fisheries that could be developed. The potentials include not only fisheries and tourism but also mining. With such a high rate of development in the coastal area of Lebak Regency, it will certainly cause various problems in the region such as First, the degradation of coastal and marine ecosystems in Lebak Regency; Second, the increasing intensity of environmental pollution caused by mining and extraction activities; Third, the vulnerability to natural disasters (abrasion, tsunami, erosion, climate change, et cetera); Fourth, the occurrence of area utilization conflict; and Fifth, low productivity of biological marine resources utilization. The method used in this study was a qualitative research method with in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that two issues become marine management problems in the southern coastal area of Lebak Regency, the first is environmental degradation, the second is space use conflicts, and the third is waste pollution due to organic and non-organic waste. Meanwhile, actor mapping shows that the government, in this case, the Regent as the authority in the area, has the power, influence, and interest to give input to the marine management of the Southern Coast of Lebak Regency so that it would not only increase the local revenue but also have a significant effect on the local communities, especially the fisher people and, and the environmental sustainability.ABSTRACTThis paper is aimed to explain the presence of marine potentials in the southern coastal area of Lebak Regency, Banten Province that have not been fully exploited. There are several potentials found in this Regency, the extensive coastline of approximately 91.42 km², and the marine resources and fisheries that could be developed. The potentials include not only fisheries and tourism but also mining. With such a high rate of development in the coastal area of Lebak Regency, it will certainly cause various problems in the region such as First, the degradation of coastal and marine ecosystems in Lebak Regency; Second, the increasing intensity of environmental pollution caused by mining and extraction activities; Third, the vulnerability to natural disasters (abrasion, tsunami, erosion, climate change, et cetera); Fourth, the occurrence of area utilization conflict; and Fifth, low productivity of biological marine resources utilization. The method used in this study was a qualitative research method with in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that two issues become marine management problems in the southern coastal area of Lebak Regency, the first is environmental degradation, the second is space use conflicts, and the third is waste pollution due to organic and non-organic waste. Meanwhile, actor mapping shows that the government, in this case, the Regent as the authority in the area, has the power, influence, and interest to give input to the marine management of the Southern Coast of Lebak Regency so that it would not only increase the local revenue but also have a significant effect on the local communities, especially the fisher people and, and the environmental sustainability.

Studi Kelayakan Daur Ulang Kantong Plastik dari Aspek Ekonomi dan Lingkungan Arieyanti Dwi Astuti; Jatmiko Wahyudi; Aeda Ernawati; Siti Qorrotu Aini
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 18, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.18.3.488-494

Sampah plastik yang masuk ke TPA (Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir) Sukoharjo merupakan penyumbang tertinggi kedua setelah sampah organik dengan persentase 17,29%. Lebih spesifik, jenis sampah plastik yang masuk TPA didominasi jenis plastik LDPE (Low Density Poly Ethylene). Pengelolaan sampah plastik yang paling efektif adalah daur ulang yang memposisikan plastik dan sampah plastik menjadi satu siklus yang saling berkaitan. Di Kabupaten Pati, usaha daur ulang sampah plastik sudah banyak didirikan namun belum ada yang menyasar khusus pada kantong plastik LDPE. Potensi ini kemudian ditangkap oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Pati untuk mengembangkan usaha baru yang dapat meningkatkan pendapatan daerah sekaligus mengurangi beban lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kelayakan usaha daur ulang kantong plastik ditinjau dari aspek ekonomi dan lingkungan. Analisa data menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, yang dibagi berdasarkan aspek finansial (ekonomi) dan aspek non finansial (lingkungan). Kriteria kelayakan aspek ekonomi meliputi NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate of Return), dan PP (Payback Periode), sedangkan aspek lingkungan difokuskan pada umur pakai TPA. Dari aspek ekonomi, penghitungan awal berupa besaran investasi, kemudian besaran penerimaan dan pengeluaran sehingga diperoleh laba setelah dikurangi pajak 12,5%. Kemudian selanjutnya dapat dihitung nilai NPV, IRR dan PP. Dari aspek lingkungan, umur pakai TPA akan dihitung sebelum dan setelah dilakukan proses daur ulang. Usaha ini direncanakan memiliki kemampuan menyerap 7,5 ton sampah plastik per hari atau sekitar 15,49% dari total sampah plastik yang masuk TPA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) dari aspek ekonomi, usaha daur ulang kantong plastik dinyatakan layak untuk dijalankan dengan indikator kelayakan NPV = Rp14.054.689.623; IRR = 10,70%; PP = 2 tahun 7 bulan 12 hari; 2) dari aspek lingkungan, usaha daur ulang kantong plastik dikatakan layak karena mampu memperpanjang umur pakai TPA Sukoharjo, lebih lama 1 tahun 38 hari jika dibandingkan dengan pengelolaan sampah TPA tanpa daur ulang.AbstractPlastic waste at TPA Sukoharjo, Pati Regency, is the second highest contributor after organic waste with a percentage of 17.29%. Specifically, the type of plastic waste in TPA is dominated by single-use plastic (LDPE). The most effective in managing plastic waste is by recycling, which puts plastic and plastic waste into an interconnected cycle. In Pati District, many plastic waste recycling businesses have been established, but only few of those treat LDPE specifically. Perusda Aneka Usaha, a local owned enterprise in Pati, has a plan to establish a new business in recycling LDPE in order to increase regional income as well as tackle waste problems. The purpose of this research is to analyze the feasibility of plastic recycling business of both. Data analysis uses a quantitative approach with financial (economic) and non-financial (environmental) aspects. The feasibility criteria for economic aspect include NPV, IRR, and PP, while environmental aspect is focused on the lifespan of landfill. Economically, the initial analysis is in the form of the amount of investment, then the amount of income and expenditure in order to obtain a profit after deducting tax 12.5%. Environmentally, TPA lifespan will be calculated before and after recycling process. This business is planned to be able to absorb 7.5 tons of plastic waste per day or around 15.49% of total plastic waste at TPA. The results showed that 1) economically, the plastic bag recycling business was feasible to run with the NPV= IDR 14,054,689,623; IRR = 10.70%; PP = 2 years 7 months 12 days; 2) environmentally, the plastic bag recycling business will extend the service life of TPA Sukoharjo, 1 year 38 days longer compared to waste treatment in TPA without recycling

Daya Dukung Perairan Rawa Mesangat Sebagai Habitat Buaya Siam Teguh Muslim; Dwi Wahyu Mentari; Nanda Farhazakia
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 18, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.18.3.436-445

Rawa Mesangat merupakan habitat utama buaya Siam yang tersisa di Indonesia dan juga sebagai lokasi utama bagi nelayan sekitar. Produksi ikan sebagai sumber ekonomi masyarakat sekaligus makanan potensial bagi buaya Siam dapat terus berkelanjutan bila rantai makanan ekosistem tidak terputus dengan syarat kualitas perairan yang sehat. Pengambilan sampel air ± 1200 ml di setiap lokasi yang dilakukan di 6 (enam) lokasi dalam area perairan rawa Mesangat. Analisis kualitas air dilakukan di laboratorium Peraikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Kualitas perairan menunjukkan pH yang normal, BOD 0,12 – 1,25 ppm termasuk dalam kategori tercemar rendah, COD 15,54 – 40,58 ppm dalam kategori tidak layak untuk kehidupan biota perairan, CO2 2,80 – 5,19 ppm kategori baik, TDS rendah antara 65 – 131 mg/L, TSS berkisar 7 – 87 mg/L, DO antara 2,86 – 3,19 mg/L, kadar nitrat tertinggi adalah 0,21 mg/L sedangkan kadar nitrat terendah 0,01 mg/L, kisaran suhu air antara 26 – 32oC, nilai Zn (seng) berkisar antara <0,003 – 0,02 mg/l. Perbedaan kualitas air pada setiap lokasi dapat disebabkan oleh faktor tutupan vegetasi pohon, vegetasi terapung, kekuatan arus sungai atau sirkulasi aliran air. Vegetasi terapung yang menyebar luas di perairan rawa sangat mungkin mempengaruhi kualitas air, salah satu contohnya adalah Salvinia molesta yang dapat memulihkan kualitas air atau sebaliknya tergantung kuantitas penutupan pada permukaan perairan. AbstractThe Mesangat Swamp is the main habitat of the remaining crocodiles in Indonesia as well as a prime location for nearby fishermen. Fish production as an economic source of society as well as potential food for the Siamese crocodile can continue to be sustainable when the food chain ecosystem is not disconnected with the condition of healthy water quality. Water sampling of ± 1200 ml in each location carried out at 6 (six) locations within the Mesangat Swamp water area. The analysis of water quality is done in the Fishery and marine Sciences laboratories. The quality of the water indicates a n ormal pH, the BOD 0,12 – 1,25 ppm belongs to the low tainted category, COD 15,54 – 40,58 ppm in a category not feasible for the life of aquatic biota, CO2 2,80 – 5,19 ppm good category, low TDS between 65 – 131 mg/L, TSS range 7 – 87 mg/L, DO between 2,86 – 3,19 mg/L, highest nitrate level is 0.21 mg/L while lowest nitrate rate is 0,01 mg/l, water temperature range between 26 – 32oC, The value of Zn (zinc) ranges between < 0,003 – 0,02 mg/L. The difference in water quality at each location can be caused by the tree vegetation cover factor, floating vegetation, river current strength or water flow circulation. Floating vegetation that is widespread in swamp waters is very likely to affect water quality, one example is Salvinia molesta that can restore water quality or vice versa depending on quantity closure on water surface

Review: Quorum Sensing Bakteri dan Peranannya pada Perubahan Nilai pH di Kolong Pascatambang Timah dengan Umur Berbeda Andri Kurniawan; Euis Asriani
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 18, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.18.3.602-609

Bakteri menunjukkan kemampuannya untuk hidup sosial dan berinteraksi dengan koloni lainnya dengan cara membangun suatu komunikasi interseluler melalui mekanisme yang disebut quorum sensing (QS). Komunikasi seluler ini dapat memfasilitasi komunitas bakteri untuk saling merespon, melakukan metabolisme, menyampaikan informasi densitas, dan beraktivitas dengan mengenali molekul sinyal berupa feromon (pheromones) atau autoinducers. Review ini membahas tentang interaksi antarbakteri di kolong pascatambang timah yang dideskripsikan sebagai suatu sistem quorum sensing bakteri tersebut dan peranannya di dalam menghadapi perubahan nilai pH. Populasi bakteri anggota Filum Proteobacteria cenderung sangat sentral di kolong pascatambang timah karena keberadaannya mendominasi di semua umur kolong dengan jumlah yang tinggi. Proteobacteria mampu bersinergi dengan bakteri asidofilik lainnya dalam melakukan aktivitas oksidasi unsur-unsur (elements) yang berdampak pada terbentuknya kondisi pH asam (pH = 3). Proteobacteria juga menunjukkan indikasi mampu mendorong munculnya fungsi penting dari Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Cyanobacteria, Spirochaeta, dan bakteri lainnya dengan melakukan dekomposisi bahan organik ataupun aktivitas metabolisme yang lain sehingga mampu meningkatkan nilai pH lingkungan kolong pascatambang timah menjadi netral (pH = 7). Struktur komunitas bakteri menunjukkan komposisi bakteri berbeda pada setiap perairan kolong yang mengalami kronosekuens berbeda. Kolong yang berumur < 1 tahun dengan pH sekitar 3 cenderung didominasi Filum Proteobacteria sekitar 30%, kolong berumur 5-10 tahun dengan pH sekitar 3 didominasi Filum Bacteroidetes sekitar > 40%, dan kolong berumur > 15 tahun dengan pH sekitar 7 didominasi Filum Planctomycetes > 37%. Interaksi bakteri melalui quorum sensing diharapkan bermanfaat di dalam proses pengelolaan lingkungan perairan pascatambang timah sehingga menghasilkan suatu ekosistem perairan yang lebih bermanfaat bagi manusia dan organisme perairan lainnya.ABSTRACTBacteria demonstrate their ability to live socially and to interact with other colonies by establishing an intercellular communication through a mechanism called quorum sensing (QS). This cellular communication can facilitate the bacterial community to respond to each other, carry out metabolism, density information, and activity by recognizing signaling molecules in the form of pheromones or autoinducers. This review discussed the interaction between bacteria in abandoned tin mining pit waters which was described as a quorum sensing system for the bacteria and its role to encounter the pH value changes. The member population of Phylum Proteobacteria looked very central in the abandoned tin mining pit because its dominance in all age of the pit with a high number. Proteobacteria were able to synergize with the other of acidophilic bacteria to carried out the oxidation activities of the elements that have an impact on the formation of acidic pH conditions (pH = 3). Proteobacteria also showed indications of being able to encourage the emergence of important functions of Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Cyanobacteria, Spirochaeta, and other bacteria by decomposing organic matter or other metabolic activities so as to increased the pH value of ex-tin minig pits enironments to neutral (pH = 7). Community structure of bacteria showed bacteria composition was different for each pits water with chronosequence. Pits in age < 1 year with pH about 3 were dominated Phylum Proteobacteria about 30%, pits in age 5-10 year with pH about 3 were dominated Phylum Bacteroidetes about > 30%, and pits in age > 15 year with pH about 7 were dominated Phylum Planctomycetes about > 37%. The interaction of bacteria through quorum sensing is expected to be useful in the process of environmental management of post-tin mining waters to produce an aquatic ecosystem that is more beneficial to humans and other aquatic organisms.

Analisis Ketersediaan, Kebutuhan dan Kualitas Air Pada DAS Batang Merao Sri Rahayu Ningsih; Eri Gas Ekaputra; Fadjar Goembira
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 18, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.18.3.545-555

Sungai Batang Merao dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber air baku air bersih PDAM, sumber energi alternatif PLTMH, sumber air irigasi dan kebutuhan masyarakat sehari-hari di Kabupaten Kerinci dan Kota Sungai Penuh. Terganggunya kawasan hulu DAS berdampak terhadap pasokan dan kualitas air ke daerah tengah dan hilir. Ketebatasan ketersediaan air bersih dan penurunan kualitas air antara lain disebabkan oleh adanya kegiatan penambangan pasir dan batu di kawasan hulu, terjadinya konversi lahan dari lahan pertanian menjadi lahan terbangun terutama di daerah bantaran dan sempadan sungai serta pemanfaatan sungai sebagai tempat pembuangan limbah cair domestik dan peternakaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif. Analisis ketersediaan air menggunakan metode debit andalan (Q80) dan kebutuhan air dihitung berdasarkan kebutuhan air pada sektor domestik, non domestik, pertanian, peternakan dan perikanan. Analisis status mutu air menggunakan metode indeks pencemaran (IP) untuk melihat kondisi kualitas air Sungai Batang Merao sesuai dengan KepmenLH Nomor 115 Tahun 2003. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketersediaan air DAS Batang Merao adalah sebesar 22.70 m3/detik dan total kebutuhan sebesar 26.71 m3/detik. Status mutu air Sungai Batang Merao berdasarkan nilai indeks pencemaran (IP) berada dalam kondisi tercemar ringan dengan kisaran nilai indeks 2,41 – 6,43 berdasarkan baku mutu air kelas II PP No. 82 Tahun 2001 dengan parameter TSS, BOD, COD, T-Pospat, Nitirit, Minyak dan Lemak serta MBAS melebihi nilai baku mutu. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas air Sungai Batang Merao tidak layak untuk dikonsumsi dan tidak seusi dengan peruntukannya sebagai sumber air baku air bersih. Ketersediaan sumber daya air DAS Batang Merao tidak dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air masyarakat pada DAS Batang Merao dengan neraca air dalam kondisi defisit sebesar 4.01 m3/detik.ABSTRACTThe Batang Merao River is used as a source of raw water for PDAM, an alternative energy source for PLTMH, a source of irrigation water and daily needs of the people in Kerinci Regency and Sungai Penuh City. The disruption of the upstream watershed area has an impact on the supply and water quality to the middle and downstream areas. Limited availability of clean water and a decrease in water quality are due to, among others, sand and rock mining activities in the upstream area, the conversion of land from agricultural land to developed land, especially in riverbanks and river boundaries and the use of rivers as a place for disposal of domestic liquid waste and livestock. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. Analysis of water availability uses the reliable discharge method (Q80) and water needs are calculated based on water needs in the domestic, non-domestic, agriculture, livestock and fisheries sectors. Analysis of water quality status using the pollution index (IP) method to see the condition of the water quality of the Batang Merao River in accordance with KepmenLH No. 115/2003. Based on the results of the study, the availability of water in the Batang Merao watershed is 22.70 m3/second and the total demand is 26,71 m3/second. The status of the Batang Merao River water quality based on the value of the pollution index (IP) is in a lightly polluted condition with an index value range of 2,41 – 6,43 based on class II water quality standards PP No. 82/2001 with parameters TSS, BOD, COD, T-Pospat, Nitrite, Oil and Fat and MBAS exceeding the quality standard value. Based on this, it can be concluded that the water quality of the Batang Merao River is not suitable for consumption and is not compatible with its designation as a source of raw water. The availability of water resources in the Batang Merao watershed cannot meet the water needs of the community in the Batang Merao watershed with the water balance in a deficit of 4,01 m3/second.

Relationship between Plant Biodiversity and Carbon Stock in Rural Area of Cisadane Watershed Sunardi Sunardi; Regan Leonardus Kaswanto; Sofyan Sjaf
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 18, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.18.3.610-616

The main activities in the rural landscape are agriculture, involved natural resources management that compose the function of area as settlement, government services, social services and economy activities. These activities affected the rural landscape that changed plant diversities as well as carbon stock. The aim of this research was to evaluate biodiversity and carbon stock in the rural area of Cisadane Watershed. Two villages were defined on a purposive random sampling, i.e. Sukadamai and Bantarsari. The sampling plots were selected based on main land use type with size for tree was 20 m × 20 m, pole was 10 m x 10 m, sapling was 5 m x 5 m and seedling was 2 m x 2 m; with 3 replications. Similarly, other concentric plots were established. The number of plant species were counted, diameter at breast height (DBH) and plant height were measured. The analysis of carbon stock, plant diversity and the relationship was developed using Microsoft Excel and R 3.6.1 software. The results showed that main land use in Sukadamai and Bantarsari Village consisted of settlement area, farmland, mixed farming and palm oil plantation. In the research area where 106 species from 43 families that classified into 9 horizontal diversity based on function and 5 vertical diversity based on plant height. The values of Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H’) ranged 2,78–3,20. Estimated carbon stocks were 1,16–51,40 Mg ha−1 in research areas, respectively. These research concluded there was a negative correlation between species richness and diversity index with carbon stock in the village landscapes.ABSTRACTThe main activities in the rural landscape are agriculture, involved natural resources management that compose the function of area as settlement, government services, social services and economy activities. These activities affected the rural landscape that changed plant diversities as well as carbon stock. The aim of this research was to evaluate biodiversity and carbon stock in the rural area of Cisadane Watershed. Two villages were defined on a purposive random sampling, i.e. Sukadamai and Bantarsari. The sampling plots were selected based on main land use type with size for tree was 20 m × 20 m, pole was 10 m x 10 m, sapling was 5 m x 5 m and seedling was 2 m x 2 m; with 3 replications. Similarly, other concentric plots were established. The number of plant species were counted, diameter at breast height (DBH) and plant height were measured. The analysis of carbon stock, plant diversity and the relationship was developed using Microsoft Excel and R 3.6.1 software. The results showed that main land use in Sukadamai and Bantarsari Village consisted of settlement area, farmland, mixed farming and palm oil plantation. In the research area where 106 species from 43 families that classified into 9 horizontal diversity based on function and 5 vertical diversity based on plant height. The values of Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H’) ranged 2,78–3,20. Estimated carbon stocks were 1,16–51,40 Mg ha−1 in research areas, respectively. These research concluded there was a negative correlation between species richness and diversity index with carbon stock in the village landscapes.

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