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INDONESIA
AL-MUQARANAH-Jurnal Program Studi Perbandingan Mazhab
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
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Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 1 (2025)" : 5 Documents clear
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Eksploitasi Anak Di Media Sosial Fikri, Muhammad Rausyan; Panjaitan, Amin Rahmad; Anggraini, Anggi Egi
Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab Vol 3, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab

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Abstract

The issue of child exploitation is on the rise, along with the increasing cases of child exploitation on digital platforms. This research aims to analyze the forms of child exploitation that occur, as well as the available legal protection efforts. Based on data from the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI), around 60% of cases of sexual exploitation and child labor involve social media, showing that technology can be a means of abuse. (muslem 2022). In the legal context, Law No. 35/2014 on Child Protection regulates children's rights to protection from all forms of exploitation, both economic and sexual. Every child has the right to be protected from actions that are detrimental to their physical and mental development. (harahap 2024). Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) Commissioner Ai Maryati Solihah conveyed KPAI's findings on child victims of exploitation and child labor from January to April 2021. According to her, in 2020 alone the criminal act of trafficking in persons (TPPO) and exploitation reached 149 cases. The details are 28 cases of trafficking, 29 cases of child prostitution, 23 cases of commercial sexual exploitation of children (ESKA), 54 victims of child labor, 11 cases of illegal adoption, and 4 cases of children involved in TPPO. (KPAI 2021) Keywords: Legal Protection, Child Exploitation, Social Media. Abstrakuntuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk eksploitasi anak yang terjadi, serta upaya perlindungan hukum yang tersedia. Berdasarkan data dari Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI), sekitar 60% kasus eksploitasi seksual dan pekerja anak melibatkan sosial media, menunjukkan bahwa teknologi dapat menjadi sarana penyalahgunaan. (muslem 2022). Dalam konteks hukum, Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak mengatur hak-hak anak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan dari segala bentuk eksploitasi, baik ekonomi maupun seksual. Setiap anak berhak dilindungi dari tindakan yang merugikan perkembangan fisik dan mental mereka. (harahap 2024). Omisioner Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI) Ai Maryati Solihah mengungkapkan temuan KPAI mengenai anak-anak yang menjadi korban eksploitasi dan pekerja anak dari Januari hingga April 2021. Ia menyatakan bahwa pada tahun 2020, jumlah kasus tindak pidana perdagangan orang (TPPO) dan eksploitasi mencapai 149 kasus. Rincian kasus tersebut mencakup 28 kasus perdagangan, 29 kasus prostitusi anak, 23 kasus eksploitasi seksual komersial anak (ESKA), 54 anak sebagai korban pekerja, 11 kasus adopsi ilegal, dan 4 kasus anak yang terlibat dalam TPPO. (KPAI 2021) Kata kunci : Perlindungan Hukum, Eksploitasi Anak, Sosial media.
Implementasi Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Korban Kekerasan Rumah Tangga Perspektif Maqashid Syariah Harahap, Hasbiah Tunnaim; Br. Bangun, Dea Nurul Ela putri; Tanjung, Rima Rahmayani
Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab Vol 3, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab

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Abstract:The rise of violence against children causes a decrease in the quality of a child's self-confidence. The author's aim is to find out the implementation of Maqashid Syariah in Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. By using normative juridical research methods. The results of this research are that violence is a physical act that results in injury, disability or suffering for someone, in this case the application of Maqashid Syariah in Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning child protection includes Hifzh al-Din (maintaining Religion), namely in the freedom to Choose Religion there is in article 6, Hifzh al-Nafs (maintaining the soul) in Child Care is found in article 7, Hifzh al-Aql (maintaining reason) in Protection of education is found in article 9, Hifzh al-Nasl (maintaining lineage or descendants), Hifz al-Mal (Protection of property). These 5 forms of protection are primary human needs. Keywords: Child; Impelentation; Violence; Maqashid Sharia; Legal Protection AbstrakMaraknya kekerasan terhadap anak menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas percaya diri seorang anak. Tujuan penulis untuk mengetahui implementasi Maqashid Syariah dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah, kekerasan merupakan perbuatan fisik yang mengakibakan luka cacat atau penderitaan bagi seseorang, dalam hal ini penerapan Maqashid Syariah dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang perlindungan anak mencakup Hifzh al-Din (memelihara Agama) yaitu dalam kebebasan Memilih Agama terdapat pada pasal 6, Hifzh al- Nafs (memelihara jiwa) dalam Pengasuhan Anak terdapat pada pasal 7, Hifzh al – Aql (memelihara akal) dalam  Perlindungan pendidikan terdapat pada pasal 9, Hifzh al-Nasl (memelihara nasab atau keturunan), Hifz al-Mal (Perlindungan harta benda). 5 bentuk perlindungan tersebut merupakan kebutuhan primer manusia. Kata kunci : Anak; Impelementasi; Kekerasan; Maqashid Syariah; Perlindungan Hukum
Pelaksanaan Hukum Cambuk Sebagai Hukuman Ditinjau Berdasarkan Filsafat Hukum Islam Lubis, Syaddan Dintara; Ananda, Faisar; Nurasiah, Nurasiah
Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab Vol 3, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab

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Abstract This study aims to examine the implementation of caning punishment reviewed based on Islamic legal philosophy, as in Islam caning punishment is a punishment for perpetrators of criminal acts where the aim is to provide a deterrent effect for the perpetrators of the crime, the formulation of the problem in this study is how is the implementation of caning punishment in Aceh? And how is the implementation of caning punishment reviewed from Islamic legal philosophy, the research method used in this study is normative legal research. The results of this study are Caning punishment in the review of Islamic legal philosophy can be seen from various perspectives that include the values of justice, welfare, and the main purpose of the application of the punishment itself. In Islam, the law has a very strong basis both in the Qur'an and the hadith, which emphasizes the balance between justice and mercy. Caning punishment, which is included in the category of hudud (punishment clearly stated in the text of the sharia), serves to enforce religious rules while providing a deterrent effect on perpetrators of crimes.Kata Kunci: Hukum Cambuk, Hukuman, Filsafat Hukum Islam Keywords: Caning law, punishment, Islamic legal philosophy
Transgender Dalam Kacamata Hukum Waris, Studi Komparatif Antara Hukum Islam Dan Adat Minangkabau Damanik, Wahda Hilwani; Muwafikka, Anna; Anggraini, Anggi Egi
Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab Vol 3, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab

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Transgender individuals often face challenges in claiming inheritance rights due to legal and cultural perceptions of gender identity. This study aims to examine how Islamic law and Minangkabau customary law regulate inheritance rights for transgender people. The research uses normative and sociological approaches, analyzing legal texts and conducting interviews with religious and traditional leaders. In Islamic law, transgender individuals may be entitled to inheritance if their gender status is clearly recognized both legally and medically. On the other hand, Minangkabau customary law, which follows a matrilineal system, allows transgender individuals to inherit movable property (pusaka rendah) if they conform to female social roles, but denies them access to ancestral property (pusaka tinggi). The findings indicate that both legal systems still lack comprehensive protection and recognition for transgender individuals in matters of inheritance. Therefore, reinterpretation and reform are needed to ensure fair and inclusive inheritance rights that reflect the social realities of today. Keywords: transgender, inheritance law, Islamic law, Minangkabau
ANALISIS QAWA’ID FIQHIYYAH TERHADAP MASALAH RUJU DAN ILA’ Zikri, Muhammad; Adly, Muhammad Amar; Firmansyah, Heri
Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab Vol 3, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Al-Muqaranah : Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Mazhab

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This study aims to examine the qawāʿid fiqhiyyah (Islamic legal maxims) related to two significant issues in Islamic family law: rujūʿ (reconciliation) and īlā’ (a husband’s oath of abstinence). Rujūʿ refers to the husband’s right to reconcile with his wife after pronouncing a revocable divorce (ṭalāq rajʿī) during the waiting period (ʿiddah), while īlā’ refers to a husband's oath to abstain from marital relations with his wife for a certain period, which may lead to divorce if it exceeds four months without fay’ (the act of breaking the oath). This research employs a normative legal approach using the statute method, analyzing legal provisions derived from the Qur’an, Hadith, and the views of classical Islamic jurists. The findings indicate that both rujūʿ and īlā’ are firmly rooted in Islamic primary sources and are systematically explained through Islamic legal maxims. The maxim related to rujūʿ asserts that reconciliation is a continuation of a valid marriage contract and does not require a new contract, provided it occurs within the prescribed ʿiddah period. Meanwhile, the maxim concerning īlā’ establishes that the oath of abstinence has a legal limit of four months and is nullified by the husband’s resumption of conjugal relations (fay’). Islam regulates both matters in a balanced manner to preserve marital harmony and protect the rights of women. With proper understanding of the relevant legal maxims, cases involving rujūʿ and īlā’ can be resolved justly, in line with the overarching objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharīʿah).Keywords: Qawa’id Fiqhiyyah, Reconciliation, Oath of AbstinenceAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kaidah-kaidah fiqhiyyah yang berkaitan dengan dua isu penting dalam hukum keluarga Islam, yaitu rujuk dan ila’. Rujuk merupakan hak suami untuk kembali kepada istrinya yang telah dijatuhi talak raj‘i selama masa iddah, sedangkan ila’ adalah sumpah suami untuk tidak menggauli istrinya dalam jangka waktu tertentu, yang dapat berujung pada perceraian jika melampaui empat bulan tanpa adanya tindakan fay’. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif dengan metode statute approach, yaitu mengkaji ketentuan hukum berdasarkan nash Al-Qur’an, hadis, dan pendapat para ulama fikih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua permasalahan ini memiliki dasar hukum yang kuat baik dari Al-Qur’an maupun hadis Nabi ﷺ, serta dijelaskan secara sistematis dalam kaidah-kaidah fiqhiyyah. Kaidah tentang rujuk menegaskan bahwa rujuk merupakan bentuk kelanjutan dari akad nikah yang sah dan tidak memerlukan akad baru, selama dilakukan dalam masa iddah. Sedangkan kaidah tentang ila’ menjelaskan bahwa sumpah untuk tidak menggauli istri memiliki batas maksimal empat bulan, dan dapat gugur dengan tindakan fay’. Islam mengatur keduanya secara proporsional demi menjaga keutuhan rumah tangga dan melindungi hak-hak perempuan. Dengan pemahaman kaidah yang tepat, penyelesaian perkara rujuk dan ila’ dapat diterapkan secara adil, sesuai dengan prinsip maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah.Kata Kunci: Qawāʿid Fiqhiyyah, Rujuk, Ila’

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