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Jurnal Ilmu Fisika
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 19794657     EISSN : 26147386     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika (JIF) is a peer-reviewed open access journal on interdisciplinary studies of physics, and is published twice a year (March and September) by Department of Physics, Andalas University Padang.
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Articles 461 Documents
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Eco-Friendly Sol-Gel Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Morinda citrifolia Leaf Extract and PVP: Structural, Morphological and Antibacterial Properties Kiranda Dinata; Shinta Wulan Asih; Lita Rahmasari
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika Vol 18 No 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jif.18.2.129-144.2026

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have strong potential as antibacterial agents, with effectiveness highly influenced by particle-size stability. This study synthesized AgNPs via a green sol-gel method using noni (Morinda citrifolia) leaf extract as a natural reducing agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping agent. PVP concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g were mixed with 25 mL noni extract and 25 mL double-distilled water. Characterization using UV–vis, XRD, FE-SEM/EDX, and FTIR showed decreasing UV–vis absorption peaks of 433, 412, 368 nm with increasing PVP content. XRD confirmed a face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure with >80% similarity to standard Ag patterns. FE-SEM/EDX indicated the presence of Ag, C, and O elements, and particle sizes remained stable at 16.8, 18.8, and 18.4 nm. The 0.5 g PVP sample produced the smallest particles and showed dominant O–H and C–H functional groups. It exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 12.5 mm (E. coli) and 12.0 mm (S. aureus). These results demonstrate that eco-friendly sol-gel-synthesized AgNPs using noni leaf extract and PVP exhibit promising antibacterial activity, positioning them as potential candidates for further development as antibacterial materials.
High-Concentration Synthesis of Ligand-Free Au and Ag Nanoparticles by Nanosecond Laser Ablation and Their Conversion to Au–Ag Alloy Nanoparticles via Femtosecond Laser Processing Siti Masyithah; Muhandis Shiddiq; Yessie Widya Sari
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika Vol 18 No 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jif.18.2.145-157.2026

Abstract

A laser processing strategy is presented for the high-concentration synthesis of ligand-free Au, Ag, and Au–Ag alloy nanoparticles. Monometallic Au and Ag nanoparticles were first synthesized independently by nanosecond pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL), producing stable ligand-free colloids. The Au and Ag colloids were then mixed in an equimolar ratio and irradiated with femtosecond laser pulses to induce alloy formation without chemical stabilizers or reducing agents. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy shows a single localized surface plasmon resonance peak that shifts from 400 nm (Ag) to 509 nm (Au), with the Au–Ag alloy peak located between the two, confirming alloy formation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals spherical Au, Au–Ag alloy, and Ag nanoparticles with average diameters of 11.8 ± 8.1 nm, 18.8 ± 5.9 nm, and 20.3 ± 9.4 nm, respectively, with the alloy nanoparticles exhibiting a narrower size distribution. Zeta potential measurements of −36.4, −41.2, and −48.1 mV for Ag, Au, and Au–Ag nanoparticles indicate good colloidal stability, with the alloy nanoparticles showing the highest stability. This laser-based approach provides a chemical-free route for producing high-concentration noble metal and alloy nanoparticles with tunable plasmonic and colloidal properties.
Optical Absorption Line Shape of a Λ-Type Three-Level Semiconductor Quantum Dot: Roles of Transition Dipole Moment and Relaxation Rate Bintoro Siswo Nugroho; Arik Ramadhan; Asifa Asri
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika Vol 18 No 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jif.18.2.158-168.2026

Abstract

The optical absorption of an isolated Λ-type three-level semiconductor quantum dot under continuous-wave excitation was investigated theoretically using a semiclassical density-matrix approach. The equations of motion were derived from the master equation within the rotating-wave approximation and solved in the steady-state regime to obtain the optical susceptibility and absorption spectrum. The roles of the transition dipole moment and relaxation rate were examined systematically in both weak- and strong-field regimes. In the weak-field regime, the spectrum was dominated by the ∣1⟩↔∣3⟩ transition, while a weaker secondary feature associated with the ∣2⟩↔∣3⟩ transition emerged through relaxation-assisted population redistribution. Increasing the relaxation rate broadened and suppressed the dominant peak, whereas increasing the transition dipole moment mainly broadened the weaker secondary feature. In the strong-field regime, the two absorption channels merged into a broadened composite profile due to the combined effects of stronger coherent driving, power broadening, and relaxation. These results clarify how transition strength and dissipation govern the absorption line shape of an elementary multilevel semiconductor quantum-dot system.
The Impact of Extreme Weather on Air Quality: A Satellite-Based Deep Learning Analysis for Air Quality Prediction—A Case Study in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Aprilyta Nur'Aeni; Trista Meilanie; Hamdi Akhsan; Murniati
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika Vol 18 No 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jif.18.2.169-183.2026

Abstract

Air quality is vital for human health and environmental stability, particularly in tropical regions such as equatorial Africa where extreme weather and limited monitoring networks pose major challenges. This study examines how heat waves, heavy rainfall, and stagnant wind conditions influence fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) in the Democratic Republic of Congo from 2014 to 2024. Satellite observations (TROPOMI, MODIS, GPM) combined with ERA5 reanalysis reveal that stagnant winds strongly enhance PM₂.₅ accumulation due to reduced atmospheric dispersion, while intense rainfall effectively decreases concentrations through wet deposition. High temperatures also intensify photochemical processes that increase surface ozone formation. To address the non-linear interactions among meteorological factors, the study develops deep learning prediction models (LSTM and CNN-LSTM) capable of forecasting PM₂.₅ levels up to 48 hours ahead with high accuracy. These models offer strong potential for integration into early warning systems to support public health protection and climate adaptation, especially in data-sparse regions. The results demonstrate that an interdisciplinary framework uniting hydrometeorology, remote sensing, and artificial intelligence provides a powerful approach for understanding air quality dynamics in complex tropical environments.
Monte Carlo Simulation To Determine The Average Energy Of The Electrolytes Lithium Hexafluorophosphate, Ethylene Carbonate, and Vinylene Carbonate Ego Srivajawaty Sinaga; Hubertus Ngaderman
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika Vol 18 No 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jif.18.2.184-198.2026

Abstract

This study aims to determine the average energy at thermodynamic equilibrium of lithium hexafluorophosphate, ethylene carbonate, and vinylene carbonate using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The first simulation involved 200 particles, a box size of 60 Å, and 10,000 steps. Increasing the box size reduced the average energy to 5240.59 kJ/mol, indicating that the system remained at a local minimum. The second simulation used 400 particles, with 100 particles of each component, a box size of 200 Å, and 10,000 steps. The average energy decreased to 0.25 kJ/mol, and the system remained at a local minimum. The positive energy indicated repulsive interactions, causing atoms or molecules to move apart. The third simulation used 400 particles, a box size of 200 Å, and 100,000 steps, producing an average energy of - 0.53 kJ/mol. The negative energy indicated attractive London forces, resulting in a stable structure and suggesting that the system reached a global minimum and thermodynamic equilibrium. Cumulative average and standard deviation analyses confirmed convergence, particularly for the 100,000-step simulation, validating the average energy result.
Radiobiological Evaluation of Stage III Cervical Cancer Radiotherapy Using EUD-Based TCP and NTCP in 3DCRT Angelica Defalma; Sri Oktamuliani; Muhammad Ilyas
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika Vol 18 No 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jif.18.2.199-209.2026

Abstract

This study evaluated the dosimetric and radiobiological parameters in 24 patients with Stage III cervical cancer treated with Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3DCRT) at Universitas Andalas Hospital, using an Indonesian clinical dataset for context-specific radiobiological evaluation. Physical dose quality was assessed using the Homogeneity Index (HI) and Conformity Index (CI). Biological effectiveness was evaluated using Niemierko’s Equivalent Uniform Dose (EUD) model to determine Tumor Control Probability (TCP) and Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP). Dose-volume histogram (DVH) data were extracted from the Eclipse TPS and processed via Python. Physical planning demonstrated acceptable conformity (CI = 0.9695 ± 0.0084) and homogeneity (HI = 0.0739 ± 0.0129). Mean TCP for the external beam radiotherapy phase (50 Gy in 25 fractions) was 41.36% ± 0.31%, representing moderate biological control prior to brachytherapy. Organs at risk exhibited low toxicity for the rectum (NTCP = 0.40% ± 0.18%) and bowel (NTCP = 2.06% ± 3.00%). Conversely, the bladder showed the highest complication risk (NTCP = 83.16% ± 26.78%, EUD = 93.57 ± 9.99 Gy), frequently exceeding tolerance limits due to anatomical proximity and volume variability. 3DCRT yields satisfactory physical coverage and rectal/bowel sparing, but requires standardized bladder protocols to minimize toxicity.
Radiation Protection Intercomparison Activity for N-60 and N-80 X-ray Beam Qualities: Results from SNSU-BSN Indonesia Zufar Maulana Ihsan; Mutia Anggraini; Azwar Sabana; Muhammad Aminudin; Tutur Urip; Achmad Faturrahman Jundi; Okky Agassy Firmansyah
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika Vol 18 No 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jif.18.2.219-229.2026

Abstract

The Ionizing Radiation Metrology Laboratory of Indonesia’s National Metrology Institute participated in an international intercomparison of air kerma from the narrow-spectrum protection-level X-ray beam quality N-60 and N-80, as part of quality assurance efforts and preparation for expanding service scope. The measurements used X-ray beams based on the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Safety Report Series (SRS) No.16 for the N-60 and N-80 beam qualities, in accordance with ISO 4037, and under irradiation conditions specified by the intercomparison protocol from the Office of Atoms for Peace, Thailand (OAP). The air kerma rates measured from the experiments were used to determine the irradiation durations for the optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs). The results showed good agreement with the reference values. The mean air kerma deviated from the 2 mGy reference value by −0.63% for N-60 and −3.25% for N-80, both within the expanded measurement uncertainty of the laboratory (3.43% and 3.38%, k = 1.96). These results supported the laboratory’s technical competence in radiation protection measurements and provided a basis for expanding its calibration service scope.
Monte Carlo Simulation of Depth-Dose Distribution in Medical Polymers Irradiated by 10 MeV Electron Beam Using PUFFIn Tiara Sundussiah Andani; Sri Oktamuliani; Bimo Saputro; Fendinugroho; Okky Agassy Firmansyah; Nunung Nuraeni
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika Vol 18 No 2 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jif.18.2.210-218.2026

Abstract

Polymers are widely used in disposable medical devices that must fulfill strict safety and effectiveness standards, including radiation sterilization. The effectiveness of electron-beam (e-beam) sterilization depends critically on the uniformity of the absorbed radiation dose distribution. This study investigates the absorbed dose depth distribution in 11 industrial polymer materials irradiated by a 10 MeV e-beam accelerator (BRIN specifications) using PUFFIn-based Monte Carlo simulations. Target materials were modeled as 100 × 25.5 × 10 cm blocks with observation points spaced 1 mm along the z-axis. The percentage depth dose (PDD) curves show that maximum dose depth Zmax ranges from 1.85 to 3.05 cm across the studied polymers. High-density materials such as Polycarbonate (PC, 1.35 g/cm3) exhibit shallower penetration (Zmax = 1.85 cm), whereas low-density materials like Polyolefin Elastomer (POE, 0.87 g/cm3) allow deeper penetration (Zmax = 3.05 cm). At equivalent densities, materials with higher effective atomic numbers (Zeff) tend to show slightly higher maximum doses (Dmax), likely due to enhanced electron interaction and backscattering probabilities. These quantitative insights provide a scientific basis for optimizing industrial e-beam processing parameters and material selection for medical device manufacturing.
Effects of Layer Repetition and Cu Spacer Thickness on the Magnetoimpedance of Electrodeposited Permalloy Multilayers at 100 kHz and Its Application as a Magnetic Nanoparticle Sensor Artono Dwijo Sutomo; Febriani Wulandaria; Pratiwi Kusumawardhani; Riyatun Riyatun; Nurdiyantoro Putra Prasetya; Ismail Ismail; Budi Purnama
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika Vol 19 No 1 (2027): March 2027 (Forthcoming Issue)
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jif.19.1.1-10.2027

Abstract

Optimizing multilayer structures is essential for improving magnetoimpedance (MI) responses in low-frequency magnetic sensing applications. This study investigates the effects of layer repetition number (N) and Cu spacer thickness (x) on the magnetoimpedance (MI) response of [NiFe(600 nm)/Cu(x)/NiFe(600 nm)]N/Cu(200 nm)/[NiFe(600 nm)/Cu(x)/NiFe(600 nm)]N multilayer structures electrodeposited onto Cu printed circuit board substrates with meander patterns. The MI response was systematically evaluated at an operating frequency of 100 kHz to determine the optimal multilayer configuration. The results reveal that both layer repetition and Cu spacer thickness significantly influence the MI ratio. The highest MI ratio of 2.07% was achieved at N = 3 and x = 100 nm, suggesting an optimal balance between magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity. The sensing capability of the optimized multilayer structure was further evaluated using cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. Changes in the MI ratio of 0.32 and 0.64 were observed for nanoparticle masses of 0.1 and 0.3 g, respectively, indicating a mass-dependent sensor response. These findings demonstrate the potential of electrodeposited NiFe/Cu multilayer structures as low-frequency magnetoimpedance sensing platforms for magnetic nanoparticle detection.
Development and Numerical Verification of an Archer Model Radiation Shielding Application for Medical Physics Education Cindyawati Cindyawati; Yuanita Puspita Dewi Sudarso
Jurnal Ilmu Fisika Vol 19 No 1 (2027): March 2027 (Forthcoming Issue)
Publisher : Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jif.19.1.11-28.2027

Abstract

Accurate radiation shielding calculations are essential for radiation protection and medical physics education. This study developed and numerically verified an interactive desktop application for broad-beam photon shielding calculations using the Archer transmission model. The application integrates published Monte Carlo-derived fitting parameters for Tc-99m, I-131, F-18, and Lu-177 in lead, concrete, and steel, enabling forward and inverse shielding calculations with buildup effects and selectable weekly design goals of 0.02 mSv/week. Numerical verification was performed by comparing application outputs with independent calculations and published reference data. For the Tc-99m lead shielding example (0.637 mm), the application reproduced the published transmission result, while inverse–forward round-trip calculations achieved a composite target within a relative residual of approximately . Additional comparisons were conducted using published fractional-value layers for nine radionuclide–material combinations. The results demonstrate numerical consistency in the implemented calculations and provide an interactive framework for exploring photon attenuation and shielding thickness in medical physics education. However, Ga-68 calculations remain based on unvalidated F-18 surrogate parameters, and multilayer shielding estimates have not been independently validated against experimental or Monte Carlo reference data. Therefore, the application is intended for educational use rather than clinical shielding design.

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