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INDONESIA
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 02169541     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Energy
Enerlink adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan 2 kali setahun oleh Pusat Teknologi Pengembangan Sumberdaya Energi dan Industri Kimia BPPT di bidang energi dan lingkungan. Enerlink is a scientific journal that publishes twice annually by Centre of Energy Technology and Chemical Industry of BPPT.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 322 Documents
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DAMPAK PEMBAKARAN BATUBARA INDONESIA TERKAIT KANDUNGAN PRODUK GAS BUANG Aryono, Nur Aryanto
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

The output of electricity for power plants and output of steam for industrialfurnaces related with flue gas concentration, such as fly ash (dust), CO, CO2NOx, and SO2. The condition of flue gas product is very important for estimatedthe actual level of emissions, because it product depends on type of plant,operating conditions, maintenance, and on fuel properties. The consequence ofcoal combustion, a considerable increase in emissions of dust, hydrocarbon,NOx and SO2 is to be expected. Therefore, to use the abatement technology,such as filters, desulphurization plants, de-nitrification unit, fluidized bedcombustion, and integrated gas combined cycle power plants for reducing theconcentrations of flue gas is an appropriate choice.Kata kunci: coal combustion, flue gas, emission
DISTRIBUSI MOLEKULER SPESIES HETEROATOM DALAM MINYAK BATUBARA INDONESIA Murti, Sri Djangkung Sumbogo; Yusnitati, Yusnitati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 6, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

Heteroatom-containing species in the coal liquid oils (CLO) were identified andquantified by the aid of gas chromatography with atomic emission detector (GCAED).Four different CLOs from different rank coals, processes and cut pointswere investigated in the present study. Thiophene and its derivatives were foundto be the major sulfur compounds, pyridines and anilines, and phenols were themajor nitrogen and oxygen compounds, respectively in the oils of boiling range<300oC). An oil of boiling range (300–420oC) carried moredimethyldibenzothiophenes and benzoquinolines. The correlation between feedcoal and liquid product was discussed in terms of the compositions ofheteroatomic compounds.Kata kunci: coal liquid oil, heteroatomic compounds, GC-AED
ANALISA TERMOHIDROLIKA KERUSAKAN KONDENSOR ORTHO DICHLOROBENZENE TIPE SHELL DAN TUBE Teguh P., Bambang; Komara, Riki Jaka
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 11, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

Telah terjadi kerusakan pada sejumlah tube pada kondensor Ortho Dichlorobenzene (ODCB). Kondensor ODCB adalah jenis shell and tube tipe BEM, posisi vertikal, dengan expansion joint pada shell. ODCB mengalir di sisi tube dan air pendingin (CW) mengalir di sisi shell secara paralel dari atas ke bawah. Hasil uji material menyimpulkan bahwa kerusakan berupa Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) yang disebabkan oleh tegangan bengkok akibat ekspansi tube yang tertahan. Namun demikian, ternyata retakan tube terjadi tidak pada tengah-tengah bentangan panjang tube melainkan pada jarak sekitar 450 – 500 mm dari tube sheet, tidak jauh dari shell inlet nozlle. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mempelajari fenomena termohidrolika lokal yang menyebabkan kerusakan tube. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan pada jarak sekitar 450 – 500 mm dari tube sheet, CW di sisi shell mulai mendidih dan ODCB di sisi tube mulai terkondensasi. Uap air yang terbentuk mengisi ruang shell bagian atas. Proses pendinginan di zona ini menjadi sangat buruk dan mengakibatkan gradien temperatur dinding tube ke arah longitudinal cukup tinggi. Gradien temperatur yang tinggi menyebabkan kekuatan dinding tube menurun, sehingga saat ekspansi tube tertahan, tube akan bengkok pada zona tersebut.Kata kunci: Ortho Dichlorobenzene, kondesor, shell and tube, BEM, aliran paralel, SS 316 L, stress corrosion cracking, tube bengkok, kondensasi, pendidihan
KOMPARASI REAKTIFITAS PELARUT DARI MINYAK BAKAR DAN RESIDU RANTAI PANJANG PADA PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO Hidayat, Herman; Nataadmadja, Nasikin
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 3, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

The needs of fuel, especially for automotive fuel, in Indonesia keeps onincreasing, while petroleum reserves is getting lessen everyday. One alternativeto achieve the diversified energy strategy for the transportation sector is theutilization of the Indonesian low rank coal reserves through the implementation ofcoal liquefaction technology. Coal liquefaction process that has been done beforewas found economically and technically less effective. Those are the reasons fordoing coal liquefaction research using petroleum residue as the solvent, namelyco-processing, which expected to give a better performance than the standardcoal liquefaction. The feedstocks are lignite coal from Central Banko, petroleumresidue (fuel oil and long residue), limonite catalyst from Soroako and hydrogengas. The reactions were carried out in a stirred batch autoclave reactor at 120Kg/cm2 of initial hydrogen pressure and 450oC for 1 hour, at 2 of S/Fe atomicratio and 2 of solvent/coal weight ratio. The liquid products were fractionated byvacuum distillation and the gaseous products were analyzed by gaschromatography. It showed that co-processing with long residue as the solvent isbetter than fuel oil or standard coal liquefaction, with 39.17 wt% daff of oil yiled.The cetane index of middle oil fraction was 27.8 and the efficiency of hydrogenconsumption was 23.68 (oil yield/hydrogen consumption).Kata kunci: pencairan batubara, co-processing, residu minyak bumi, batubaralignit
PENGEMBANGAN KATALIS BERBASIS NiMo ALUMINA UNTUK REAKSI HIDRODEOKSIGENASI MINYAK NABATI MENJADI BIOAVTUR Dwiratna, Bralin; Soebagjo, Soebagjo
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 11, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

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Abstract

Catalysts NiMoP/γ-Al O -B O have been successfully synthesized by impregnation method. The 2 3 2 3catalyst was developed to process of vegetable oil hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). The effect of theaddition of boron and phosphorus on the activity and selectivity was studied in this research . Inaddition , the determination of appropriate operating conditions were also studied in order to obtainproducts with good conversion and selectivity. The research was conducted on the preparation of thehydrodeoxygenation catalyst , test the activity and selectivity of hydrodeoxygenation catalysts, andcatalysts characterization using BET , XRD and AAS . To determine the performance of the catalyst ,the hydrodeoxygenation catalysts were tested their activity and selectivity which took place in a batchreactor at a pressure of 20-60 bar and a temperature of 320-360 ° C. The composition of products wereanalyzed by using a Gas Cromatography . From the implementation of HDO reaction of vegetable oilwith NiMoP( 0.6 % )/γ- Al O - B O (1.7 %) catalyst, the value of conversion obtained was 81.45 % at 60 2 3 2 3o bar operating pressure conditions and temperature 360 C .Keywords: vegetable oil , hidrodeoksigenasi , catalyst Nimo - γalumina
PROSES KATALITIK DISTILAT MINYAK BATUBARA BANKO SELATAN DENGAN HYDROTREATMENT SATU TAHAP DAN DUA TAHAP Murti, Sri Djangkung Sumbogo
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 4, No 1 (2008)
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Abstract

Catalytic hydrotreatment of South Banko coal liquid (SBCL) distillates wasstudied through single and two-stage hydrotreatment over a commercialNiMo/Al2O3 catalyst. The hydrotreatment was conducted in an autoclave of 50 mlcapacity under the conditions of 360 – 450 oC and 30 – 120 min at initialhydrogen pressure of 10 MPa. The hydrotreatment reduced the contents of allhetero-atom species (S, N and O). sulfur species were easiest to be removedeven at low temperature of 360 oC. In contrast nitrogen species were mostrefractory. The higher temperature and more amount of catalyst enhanced thedenitrogenation reaction. The two-stage hydrotreatment was more effective forthe denitrogenation and deoxygenation because of the fresh hydrogen in thesecond stage and the combination of lower and higher reaction temperature ateach stage.Kata kunci: hydrotreatment katalitik, heteroatom, single and two stagehydrotreatment, katalis, desulfurisasi, denitrogenasi,deoksigenasi, GC-AED
EFEK INJEKSI UDARA dan STEAM TERHADAP KUALITAS SYNGAS HASIL GASIFIKASI SEKAM PADI MENGGUNAKAN FIXED–BED GASIFIER Masfuri, Imron; Rahardjo, Bambang Suwondo
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 5, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

Biomass gasification is more benefit compared to direct combustion because ofmore flexibility gas product that can be directed use as combusted gas in gasengine power generation or chemical feedstocks as well as synthetic fuelbelongs to added market value. Since 2007, PT National Champignon (PTNatcham) in Wonosobo – Central Java have been operating 1 (one) unit of fixed–bed updraft gasifier by rice–husk fuel feeding using air as gasification agent forit’s mushroom plant electricity needs through gas engine 400 kW. Fluctuation ofgasifictaion temperature in each of gasifier zones is affected by injectionpressures of air+steam, as well as opening valves of air and steam. The optimumsteam injection can only be carried–out at opening valve of steam 50% and airof 7/19 (volumetric ratio of steam/air = 0.6–0.7) with bottom temperatur ofgasifier, Tbottom = 650oC at pressure condition of 4,5 bar. Syngas with H2/COratio of 1,26– 1,71 have sufficient met the requirements of syngas quality forsynthesis process of Fischer–Tropsch to be processed futhermore for syntheticfuel producing.Kata kunci: sekam padi, gasifikasi, gas sintetis, Gas–To–Liquid, Fischer–Tropsch
ECONOMICS OF BROWN COAL LIQUEFACTION PROCESS FOR BANKO COAL Tamura, Masaaki; Artanto, Yuli; Silalahi, Lambok H
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 2, No 1 (2006)
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Abstract

Tulisan ini mengenai ringkasan analisis keekonomian pabrik komersial pinoirpencairan batubara Banko yang dibangun di Sumatera Selatan. Pabrik komersialtersebut diasumsikan mempunyai kapasitas of 6,000 t/d, 12,000t/d and 30,000t/dcoal (daf). Sejak batubara Banko ditemukan mahal jika diangkut jarak jauhkarena kadar airnya dan sifat pembakaran spontan, lokasi pabrik darusditempatan di mulut tambang Banko Selatan (Tanjung Agung). Proses gasifikasientrained HYCOAL menggunakan batubara Banko diadopsi untuk pemabngkithydrogen. Produk minyak diangkut dengan dikapalkanmelalui rute pemipaanganda Tanjung Agung/Plaju (approx. 202 km) dan Tanjung Agung/Tanjung Api-Api(sekitar. 265 km). Total batubara Banko yang dibutuhkan pabrik 12,000 t/haritermasuk untuk gasifikasi dan boiler 39,500 ton/hari. Harga batubara diset dalam3 kategori yaitu US$11, US$12, and USD$13 per ton. Biaya konstruksi untukpabrik komersial 6.000, 12.000 and 30.000 ton/hari adalah berturut-turutUS$1.429juta, US$2.521juta, and US$5.385juta (1US$=120yen= Rp.9,500). .Analisa ekonomi berdasarkan metode DCF terhadap pabrik komersial 12,000 tonper hari menghasilkan produk minyak setara minyak mentah senilaiUS$ 22.5/bbl (FOB Plaju) and US$ 22.6/bbl (FOB Tanjung Api-Api) pada tahun2011, saat pabrik mulai beroperasi.Keywords: batubara Banko, HYCOAL, pencairan batubara
HASIL AUDIT ENERGI DI INDUSTRI TEKSTIL Hasan, Achmad
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 6, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

Energy audit is one way to plan for optimizing the supply and use of energyneeded by the industry. Portrait of the use of electrical energy used in textileindustry supplied from PT.PLN (Persero) with the power contract for 23000 kVAand POJ Power (Mini Hydro Power Plant, Jatiluhur) with installed capacity of5800 kVA. Especially for electric energy supplied from POJ Power, status ofelectricity continues to be a contract with the manager of POJ Power Jatiluhur.Based on the results of measurement of power quality with PQA Hioki 3197 is asdescribed in the previous section, it can be seen that: (a) Voltage magnitude atsome of the panel is high (about 250 V), (b) The power factor is very low, (c)Generally, voltage and current THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) is very high.Kata kunci: energi, listrik, penghematan, filter harmonik, faktor daya
PREFACE Yusnitati, Yusnitati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 7, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

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