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INDONESIA
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
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Articles 128 Documents
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MODEL TRANSPOR PENYEBARAN SAMPAH DI TELUK JAKARTA Setiawan, Agus; Riyadi, Agung
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 2, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia

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Abstract

Spreading of wastes from 11 river mouths around the Jakarta Bay during the east and west monsoons is simulated in this study, making use of transport model. The data of wastes weight and concentration used in this study are obtained from ?Marine and Jakarta Bay Wastes Prevention? pilot project conducted by the government of DKI Jakarta. In this simulation, it is assumed that the weight of daily outflow of wastes is constant and the composition of wastes is not taken into account.From the simulation results there are found that during the west monsoon, wastes in the Jakarta Bay mostly transported eastward, spread until 3 km and accumulated in the eastern part of the Jakarta Bay. Wastes with concentration more than 10 kg/L spread out to the offshore until 1 km from the shore line or river mouth. On the other hand, the wastes mostly transported westward during the east monsoon. These wastes spread westward until 5 km and mix with the wastes from the river mouths which are located in the western part of the Jakarta Bay. The amount of wastes which are spread westward during the east monsoon is greater than the amount of wastes which are spread eastward during the west monsoon.Keywords: Jakarta Bay, wastes, transport model
DOMINANT FACTORS OF JAKARTA’S THREE LARGEST FLOODS Aldrian, Edvin
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 3, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia

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Abstract

In year 2002, 2007 and 2008 Jakarta experienced heaviest flood in early February from rain that precipitate in several days ahead. Those rainfalls take place in early morning for few consecutive days. The extreme early morning rainfall occurs due to three dominant phenomena the Madden Julian oscillation wet phase, the cold surge and a vortex in the southwest of Java. The cold surge from north compressed the air mass over the north of Jakarta Bay, picked up as much as water vapor over it and brings to the bay. Especially at night during intense land breeze, south ward movement of compressed and moist air collided frontally with the land breeze andcaused strong uplifting at the coast. The latter phenomenon created strong convection at the Jakarta metropolitan areas at early morning and caused extreme rainfall events. Those daily rainfall rate are almost and exceed the monthly rainfall values. Analises of data from satellite observation, rain gauge, wind and radar imagery prove the mechanism of extreme weather in early morning that cause heavy flood over Jakarta. The incoming of those three phenomena could be predicted in advance with quite a certainty. The MJO is a feature that has 50 days oscillation so that MJO wet phase could be predicted in advance up to 2 weeks. The cold surge that comes from Siberia has index of sudden drop of pressure in Hongkong before propagate to Southeast Asia, thus could be predicted in advance about one week ahead. Lastly the vortex development in southwest of Java could be predicted up to 1 days in advanced. Those information on the three major or dominant weather feature will be a good early warning for heavy flood of Jakarta especially in early February.
PENERAPAN TERUMBU KARANG BUATAN (RUMPON) DI PERAIRAN KUTAI KARTANEGARA KALIMANTAN TIMUR Riyadi, Agung
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia

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Abstract

Artificial reef (rumpon) are tools in the form fish collecting objects or structures that are designed made from natural or artificial materials that are placed permanently in marine waters. Many oil rigde spread in coastal area. Majority of fisherman from Kutai Kartanegara catch a fish around oil ridge and very dangerous. The Application of artificial reef technology as coral reefs have been set at Kutai Kartanegera waters in 2009. Activities are particularly in assessment site selection survey for deployment the artificial reef depand the quality and depth water. Artificial reef made of concrete with a total 60 pieces and has a size of 2 x 2.5 meters. The results of physical and chemical analysis such as water temperature, depth, salinity, turbidity, based material and dissolved oxygen in the normal condition. The dominat of sediment in a sand bed is muddy and has a marine topography a slope, because there is still considerable influence of the Mahakam delta. There are six potential locations for mooring artificial reef at position UTM 1.555000/9975100; 2.555823/9978221;3.559711/9981510;4.562515/9986117;5.558448/9991855; 6.557506/9987513. Artificial reef placement depths ranging 15 - 25 meters.
PEAT CARBON, CIRE AND CLIMATE INTERACTIONS Aldrian, Edvin
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2008)
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Abstract

This study describes the interaction between forest fire and climate, which focuses on the peatland fire contribution and its carbon released. We established the interannual carbon released that refer to some previous result and we extend the results for the last decade(1997 to 2007) of total carbon and PM10 estimations. We found a significant relationship betweenclimate and hotspot number, which indicate the behavior of fires over Sumatera and Kalimantan over the last decade, except for 2006. Improvement in the correlation occurs when we utilized second half of the year in to consideration. Apparently there are two regional climatic systemsthat drive or force the annual variability of hotspots over Sumatera and Kalimantan through trans equatorial cold surge in the first half of year and El Nino in the second half of the year. The cold surge phenomenon is crucial for the hotspot variability for Riau province, while the latter could impacts both Sumatera and Kalimantan. Strong climate forcing indicates, by excluding 2006, that Indonesian peat pool is vulnerable to the regional climatic system or a victim of regional climate perturbation. Recent data (latest four years) shows larger fluctuation from the climatic factor. The 2006 fires and their emission are exceptionally high and divert from the strong correlation between fire and climatic factor. The 2006 fire close to 1997 firein amount and emission (88.4%) and PM10 (87%) and hotspot number (92.8%). Overall, during the last decade, the carbon emission from forest fires in Indonesia fluctuates following climate variability and could not be generalized to emit carbon at persistently high level every year.
PENERAPAN UJI HAYATI DENGAN LEMNA SP. UNTUK MENGKAJI KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI YANG MENERIMA AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI TEKSTIL DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG Priyanto, Budhi
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 4, No 3 (2009)
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Abstract

To assess the possibility cause of deterioration to rice production in several villages downstream to Rancaekek, Bandung, we conducted laboratorium experiment using Lemna as the bioassay agent. Lemna sp. has been exposed to mixtures of inorganic tissue culture medium salts and filtered raw wastewater (effluent) taken from textile mill in Rancaekek, Bandung. The system was then incubated for 7 days under continuous daylight fluorescent lamps and the number of fronds and fresh weight were determined. The results show that EC50 of the textile industry s wastewater is 37.5% of the wastewater. The LOEC value is 30% and the NOEC is 15%. This experiment suggests that wastewater from textile industry is potentially dangerous to aquatic plants, including rice and vegetable, if it was discharged to public water body without appropriate pre-treatment.
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS PERIFITON PADA SUBTRAT KACA DILOKAIS PEMELIHARAAN KERANG HIJAU (PERNA VIRIDIS ) DI PERAIRAN TELUK JAKARTA Arman, Entang
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 1, No 2 (2006)
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Abstract

Perifiton are water microorganisms that live sessil on the substrat, and they contribute to build sea water biodiversity. Perifiton are able to live on the substrat that there is no life before so that perifiton can be mentioned as the pioneer to build a new ecosystem. Perifiton community can cause new community such as mussel community and fish community with the result that they form a new ecosystem. This perfiton role is used in green mussel culture in Kamal Muara, Jakarta Bay. This research tries to estimate the perifiton community growth that lives in the area of green mussel culture in Kamal Muara. The research shows that perifiton community is dominated by Bacillariophyceaeand Chlorophyceae. The value of biodiversity index is 1.72-301, the value of evennes index is 0.39-0.72 and the dominancy index is 0.17-0.57.
MASALAH BANJIR SEBAGAI AKIBAT DARI BURUKNYA SISTEM PENGELOLAAN DAS: STUDI KASUS DI DAS CANTIGA BINTARO Rahardjo, Petrus Nugro
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (2009)
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Abstract

Management of a catchment area should be done properly. For an example, there is no doubt a big mistake has already been done by the local government of DKI Jakarta in managing the 3 catchment areas, such as Ciliwung, Citarum and Cisadane. The management of the three catchment areas is coordinated by DKI Jakarta, together with Province West Java and Banten. The local governments do not have a consistency in planning and developing their region, especially for the supporting regions located in theupstream area. The effect is a big flood happened in Jakarta on the first February 2008. For the small catchment area, such as Cantiga, it is a good example to be discussed. The catchment area is located in district Pondok Aren. Flooding continuously happens every rainy season. The seven causes are no sustainable development program, no cleanly way of life, no good drainage system, unconsistency on regional planning and development program, no intensive conservation program, land subsidence and very high amount of rainfall. To cope with the flood problem and to carry out the flood control action, many consistently applied programs have to be done, ie. sustainable development, mopping up way of life, water front village concept implementation, one river one management concept implementation, artificialrecharge ponds and ground water injection.
PENGENALAN DATA OSEANOGRAFI Setiawan, Agus
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 2, No 2 (2007)
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Abstract

Data, in general, can be classified into primary and secondary data. Primary data can be defined as information that has been collected at first hand, while secondary data usually refer to the information that has been collected by another people or agency. In oceanography, based on its branch, data can be divided into physical oceanography data, chemical oceanography data, marine biology data, and marine geology data. In south east Asia, observations of marine biology and physical oceanography parameters have been performed since 17th century (during the colonial period). One of the most important expeditions that give valuable contribution during this period is Snellius expedition (1929-1930). Since 1914, a comprehensive study has been conducted by Dutch Laboratorium for Zeeondersoek in the Indonesian waters such as Java Sea, South China Sea, and Malaka Strait (1914-1919) and Java Sea (1939-1941). During 1956-1957, the first Indonesian research vessel R/ V Samudera did measurements at 100 oceanographic stations from eastern part of the Indonesian waters until seawaters in the southern Java and Sunda shelf. Some of the data have been collected during those period then used by Wyrtki (at that time he was a director of Marine Science Institute Jakarta) to make monthly current circulation maps and to study current circulation pattern in the south east Asia.Keywords: Oceanography, data
STUDY OF RAINFALL AND RIVER DEBIT INTERACTION USING RATIONAL METHOD TO DETERMINE INTRUSION OF SEA WATER IN THE JAKARTA BAY AREA Lubis, Atika; Permadhi, Yan F; Haryanto, Eko
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 5, No 3 (2010)
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Abstract

The Ciliwung River that flow through Jakarta Province is one of important factor for the city. The deficiently water management in Jakarta caused water supply crisis within the area. The unsufficient water supply for Jakarta is causing groundwater pumping by the local people to comply their needs of water. Thus generated saline water intrusion from the Ciliwung s downstream to the upstream through to the people s settelement.The objective of this research is to find how far the sea water intrusion at Jakarta Bay by analyzing the interaction between rainfall with the Ciliwung River s debit. Jakarta s land cover is dominated by watertight materials such as concrete and asphalt induced runoff greater than infiltration. The current land cover caused the groundwater contaminated by sea water intrusion. The hypothesis is based on the groundwater calculation for Ciliwung s River Basin. It showed the average ofbaseflow for the the Ciliwung s River Basin range between 550 680 mm per year. The baseflow range shows that water absorbed by the ground is lesser than the rainfall at Ciliwung s RiverBasin that ranged between 2000 2500 mm per year.Afterwards, using ten years of climate data and debit data from Katulampa Station (the Upstream of Sungai Ciliwung) and also using data from the Angke Estuary and the Ancol Estuary (Lower Ciliwung River) acquired the maximum sea water intrusion in Ciliwung River on May 6, 2005. The intrusion reaches is ranged between 14 20 kms measured from the downstream of Angke Estuary. While the intrusion at the Ancol Estuary ranged from 18 22 kms.
PENELITIAN SUMBERDAYA AIR DI BALAI BENIH IKAN (BBI) KECAMATAN RAMBATAN KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR - SUMATERA BARAT Garinas, Wahyu
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2008)
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Abstract

Balai Benih Ikan (BBI) is an aquaculture located in Tanah Datar district. Thisaquaculture experiencing water resources shortage. New water resources are needed for the aquaculture. The interpretation of imaging resistivity showed that at BBI, water resources lies between 70 to 100 meter depth. Aquifer thickness varies between 5 to 25 meters and were found at observation points 40 to 125 meter. Water resources at BBI was predicted found on top of the hard rock and thick layer. Water resources interpreted that the used daily as water trap on the rock layer. This existing BBI water resources are not the potential aquifer. Therefore BBI has shortage of water resources. In the future, water resources for BBI is suggested to be taken from groundwater about (100 160) meter to the west.

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