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INDONESIA
JURNAL PANGAN
Published by Perusahaan Umum Badan Urusan Logistik
ISSN : 08520607     EISSN : 25276239     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Social Sciences
PANGAN merupakan sebuah jurnal ilmiah yang dipublikasikan oleh Pusat Riset dan Perencanaan Strategis Perum BULOG, terbit secara berkala tiga kali dalam setahun pada bulan April, Agustus, dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 820 Documents
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Penguatan Indikasi Geografis Beras Pandanwangi Cianjur: KajianKomparatif Standar Indonesia dan Jepang (Strengthening Geographical Indication of Pandanwangi Cianjur Rice:Comparative Study Indonesia-Japan Standards) ARTANTI, LEONY VITA
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.936

Abstract

           Indikasi Geografis (IG) merupakan instrumen penting untuk melindungi produk lokal yang memiliki kualitas dan karakteristik khas akibat faktor alam maupun manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kelemahan deskripsi IG Beras Pandanwangi Cianjur dan menyusun rekomendasi penguatan melalui perbandingan dengan standar IG Jepang yang diatur oleh Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif berbasis studi pustaka, dengan sumber utama berupa dokumen resmi IG Pandanwangi Cianjur dari Pangkalan Data Kekayaan Intelektual (PDKI) serta Berita Resmi IG No. 03/IG/VII/A/2015, yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan pedoman teknis IG Jepang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa deskripsi IG Pandanwangi Cianjur belum sepenuhnya memenuhi ketentuan dalam PP No. 51 Tahun 2007, karena hanya menekankan ciri fisik beras dan lokasi budidaya secara umum. Unsur penting seperti batas wilayah administratif, sejarah dan reputasi, faktor ekologi, metode produksi, pengawasan mutu, serta sistem pelabelan belum dijabarkan secara rinci. Kondisi ini berpotensimelemahkan perlindungan hukum dan daya saing produk. Sebaliknya, sistem Jepang menekankan kualitas, reputasi historis, keterkaitan ekologis, serta peran aktif kelompok produsen dalam pengelolaan IG. Oleh karena itu, penyempurnaan deskripsi IG Pandanwangi Cianjur melalui integrasi dimensi kualitas, sosial budaya, ekologi, dan kelembagaan sangat penting untuk memperkuat identitas, meningkatkan nilai tambah ekonomi, dan mendukung keberlanjutan produk di pasar global.            Geographical Indication (GI) is an important instrument to protect local products with distinctive qualities and characteristics shaped by both natural and human factors. This study aimed to identify weaknesses in the GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur rice and to provide recommendations for strengthening it by comparing it with the Japanese GI standards set by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF). The research applied a descriptive qualitative method based on a literature study, using the official GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur from the Intellectual Property Database (PDKI) and the Official GI Gazette No. 03/IG/VII/A/2015, which were then compared with Japanese technical guidelines and GI descriptions. The results indicated that the GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur did not fully comply with Government Regulation No. 51 of 2007, as it primarily described the rice's physical attributes and general cultivation areas. Essential elements such as administrative boundaries, history and reputation, ecological factors, production methods, quality control mechanisms, and labeling systems were not explained in detail. This condition may weaken both legal protection and product competitiveness. In contrast, the Japanese system emphasized product quality, historical value, ecological linkages, and the active involvement of producer organizations in GI management. Therefore, improving the GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur by integrating quality, socio-cultural, ecological, and institutional dimensions is crucial to strengthen identity, increase economic value, and support the sustainability of local products in global markets.
Ketimpangan Spasial Pasokan Beras dan Implikasinya terhadapKetahanan Pangan di Pulau Sumatra (Spatial Disparities in Rice Supply and Their Implications for FoodSecurity in Sumatra Island) Ayamilah, Yasaroti; Chusamulloh, Muhammad; Hasanah, Julita; Rondhi, Mohammad
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.941

Abstract

         Ketimpangan distribusi beras merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpotensi memengaruhi ketahanan pangan regional, khususnya di Pulau Sumatra yang memiliki karakteristik produksi dan konsumsi beras yang sangat bervariasi antarwilayah. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola spasial surplus dan defisit beras antarkabupaten/kota di Pulau Sumatra tahun 2023, mengukur tingkat ketimpangan ketersediaan beras pada periode 2018–2023, serta menguji pengaruh ketimpangan distribusi beras terhadap kerawanan pangan di Pulau Sumatra. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari publikasi resmi Badan Pusat Statistik, Kementerian Pertanian, literatur terkait, serta hasil penelitian terdahulu yang relevan denganmenggunakan analisis spasial, Indeks Williamson, serta regresi data panel menggunakan model Random Effects. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi spasial ketersediaan beras sangat timpang, dengan 62,34 persen wilayah mengalami kondisi defisit beras. Indeks Williamson secara konsisten berada di atas 0,5 yang mengindikasikan tingginya ketimpangan distribusi beras antarwilayah. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa ketimpangan distribusi berpengaruh sangat signifikan terhadap Indeks Ketahanan Pangan (p-value: 0,0019). Selanjutnya, pengeluaran per kapita dan tingkat kemiskinan yang merupakan faktor dominan juga memengaruhi ketahanan pangan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa ketahanan pangan di Sumatra lebih dipengaruhi oleh akses ekonomi (demand-side) dibandingkan ketersediaan fisik beras (supply-side). Oleh karena itu, studi ini merekomendasikan agar fokus kebijakan diarahkan pada peningkatan akses ekonomi melalui pengentasan kemiskinan, bantuan sosial, dan stabilisasi harga untuk mencapai ketahanan panganyang inklusif.             Rice distribution inequality is one factor that could affect regional food security, especially on theisland of Sumatra, where rice production and consumption vary widely across regions. This study aimedto analyze the spatial patterns of rice surpluses and deficits across districts/cities on the island of Sumatrain 2023, measured the level of inequality in rice availability during 2018–2023, and examined the effect ofrice distribution inequality on food insecurity on the island of Sumatra. This study used secondary data from official publications of the Central Statistics Agency and the Ministry of Agriculture, relevant literature, and previous research results, including spatial analysis, the Williamson Index, and panel data regression using the Random Effects model. The results showed that the spatial distribution of rice availability is very uneven, with 62.34 percent of the region experiencing rice deficits. The Williamson Index was consistently above 0.5, indicating a high level of inequality in rice distribution between regions. The regression results showed that distribution inequality had a very significant effect on the Food Security Index (p-value: 0.0019). Furthermore, per capita expenditure and poverty levels, which were dominant factors, also affected food security. These findings indicated that food security in Sumatra was more influenced by economic access (demand-side) than by the physical availability of rice (supply-side). Therefore, this study recommended that policy focus be directed toward improving economic access through poverty alleviation, social assistance, and price stabilization in order to achieve inclusive food security.
Faktor Ekonomi Kunci yang Memengaruhi Dinamika Kemiskinandi Kawasan Perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste (Key Economic Factors Influencing Poverty Dynamics in theIndonesia-Timor Leste Border Region) Nalle, Frederic
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.956

Abstract

        Kemiskinan dan kerentanan pangan masih menjadi tantangan pembangunan utama di kawasan perbatasan, khususnya di wilayah dengan keterbatasan infrastruktur, dominasi pekerjaan informal, dan sistem pertanian lahan kering yang rentan terhadap perubahan iklim. Dalam konteks tersebut, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan per kapita, tingkat pengangguran, dan produksi padi terhadap dinamika kemiskinan di empat kabupaten perbatasan Indonesia–Timor Leste (Kupang, Timor Tengah Utara, Belu, dan Malaka) selama periode 2015–2024. Dengan menggunakan regresi panel Fixed Effect Model (FEM), hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pendapatan per kapita berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan, meskipun pengaruhnya relatif kecil, sementara pengangguran dan produksi padi tidak signifikan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya keterputusan pertumbuhan–kemiskinan (growth-poverty disconnect) di kawasan perbatasan, di mana peningkatan pendapatan belum sepenuhnya diikuti oleh penurunan kemiskinan akibat dominasi pekerjaan informal berproduktivitas rendah dan keterbatasan sistem pertanian lahan kering. Implikasi kebijakan menegaskan perlunya pendekatan pembangunan berbasis karakteristik wilayah (territorial differentiation) melalui pemerataan distribusi pendapatan, penciptaan lapangan kerja layak (decent work), serta penguatan ketahanan pangan berbasis diversifikasi pangan lokal, adopsi teknologi adaptif iklim, dan penguatan kelembagaan pasar. Dengan demikian, pembangunan kawasan perbatasan diharapkan tidak hanya mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi, tetapi juga menurunkan kemiskinan dan memperkuat ketahananpangan secara lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan.           Poverty and food vulnerability remain significant development challenges in border regions, particularly in areas characterized by limited infrastructure, the dominance of informal employment, and dryland agricultural systems that are highly vulnerable to climate variability. In this context, this study examined the effects of per capita income, the open unemployment rate, and rice production on poverty dynamics across four Indonesian Timor–Leste border districts (Kupang, North Central Timor, Belu, and Malaka) over the period 2015–2024. Using a panel regression with a Fixed Effect Model (FEM), the results indicated that per capita income had a statistically significant, adverse effect on poverty. However, the magnitude of this effect was relatively small, whereas unemployment and rice production were not statistically significant. The findings revealed a growth–poverty disconnect in border regions, where income growth had not been fully translated into poverty reduction due to the prevalence of low-productivity informal employment and structural constraints in dryland agricultural systems. Policy implications underscore the importance of a territorially differentiated development approach, emphasizing a more equitable distribution of income gains, the expansion of decent work, and the strengthening of food security through local food diversification, the adoption of climate-adaptive technologies, and the reinforcement of market institutions. Accordingly, development strategies in border regions are expected not only to stimulate economic growth but also to reduce poverty and enhance food security in more inclusive and sustainable ways.
Optimasi Pengadaan Beras Dalam Negeri pada Perusahaan Umum BULOG Kantor Wilayah Jawa Barat Aziz, Faishal Abdul; Machfud; Djatna, Taufik
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 35 No. 1 (2026): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v35i1.898

Abstract

Background: Stability in rice supply and prices is a pillar of national food security, and the Public Company (Perum) BULOG plays a central role. However, Perum BULOG faces dual challenges: fulfilling government assignments (Public Service Obligations) and achieving positive financial performance. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the optimal level of domestic rice procurement at the Perum BULOG West Java Regional Office to maximize Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization (EBITDA) while still considering five priority objectives under two scenarios. Methods: The optimization method used is Pre-emptive Goal Programming, a multi- objective, multi-level approach that minimizes deviations from the five objectives in priority order. The data analyzed are secondary data from 2024 from four Branch Offices (Kancab) in West Java: Kancab Bandung, Cirebon, Indramayu, and Bogor. Results and Discussion: The results show that the main factors influencing rice procurement are price, harvest area, production, warehouse capacity, and market certainty from government programs. In the First Scenario, Priority 1's objective, minimizing overprocurement (d ⁺ ₁), was fully achieved with a deviation of 0.00. This means that all annual procurement targets were met, resulting in the optimal domestic rice procurement of 86,500,000 kg, in line with the target. EBITDA in the First Scenario was IDR 323.21 billion, a 78.34% decrease from the actual figure of IDR1,492.22 billion. In the Second Scenario, Priority 1's objective, minimizing undersales (d ⁻ ₅), was fully achieved with a deviation of 0.00. This means that all sales targets were optimally met. EBITDA in the Second Scenario was IDR461.21 billion, a 69.09 percent decrease from the actual figure of IDR1,492.22 billion. Conclusion: The optimization model indicates that the priority structure determines the achievement of rice procurement targets; therefore, a more balanced procurement policy is needed through resource optimization, logistics integration, and the strengthening of adaptive strategies to support supply stability and financial performance.
Analisis Kinerja Rantai Pasok Perum BULOG Menggunakan Model SCOR dan AHP: Studi Kasus pada Perum BULOG Kantor Cabang Subang Maliana, Anis Rusyda; Slamet, Alim Setiawan; Wibawa, Dhani Satria
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 35 No. 1 (2026): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v35i1.902

Abstract

Background: The institutional transformation of Perum BULOG from a Non-Departmental Government Agency into a Public Corporation under The State-Owned Enterprises has transformed its strategic orientation from a dominant Public Service Obligation (PSO) role toward commercial activities. Differences in financing schemes, distribution mechanisms, and operational regulations between Government Rice Reserves (Cadangan Beras Pemerintah/CBP) and commercial rice require a systematic assessment of their supply chain performance.Objectives: This study evaluated the supply chain performance of CBP and commercial rice at the Subang Branch Office of Perum BULOG.Methods: This study uses a qualitative method that analyzes the CBP and commercial rice supply chains at Perum BULOG Subang Branch Office as the research locus. Primary data were collected from December 2024 to June 2025 through observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires to five expert informants selected by purposive sampling. The unit of analysis focused on the company's internal performance by integrating the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model for attribute measurement and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for indicator priority weighting.Results: The findings indicated that CBP rice achieved a supply chain performance score of 84.25%, classified as good, whereas commercial rice attained a score of 62.31%, reflecting moderate performance. AHP results highlight strengths in operational flexibility, warehouse infrastructure, and storage capacity, while also identifying the need to strengthen ERP-based analytical capabilities for more effective operational planning.Conclusion: The CBP rice supply chain performance has demonstrated superior performance compared to commercial rice, with agility and reliability as dominant attributes. However, asset efficiency and sustainability remain important. Optimizing planning, asset utilization, and information technology are key areas for supply chain performance improvement
Optimasi Waktu dan Suhu Pemeraman untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Analog Keju secara Mikrobiologis, Fisiko-Kimia, dan Sensori Arief, Fajrul; Agustin, Lia; Nurhayati, Agnesia Bunga
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 35 No. 1 (2026): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v35i1.917

Abstract

Background: The increasing popularity of vegan lifestyles and plant-based diets has driven the food industry to seek cheese alternatives. Consequently, this research aimed to develop a product comparable to conventional cheese.Objectives: Notably, the novelty of this study lies in combining Geotrichum candidum with varying ripening times and temperatures to improve the microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory qualities of vegan cheese. Methods: To achieve this, a completely randomized design was used to test two factors: time and temperature. Additionally, data were analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT. Results and Discussion: The results indicated that ripening time significantly influenced viability, pH, proteolysis, lipolysis, water content, moisture-free-fat-basis (MFFB), flavor, and texture (p<0.01), as well as fat-in-dry-matter (FDM) and ash content (p<0.05). Furthermore, ripening temperature was directly proportional to viability, proteolysis, lipolysis, FDM, flavor, texture, fat, protein, and ash content, but inversely proportional to pH, water content, and MFFB (p<0.01). Importantly, interaction effects between time and temperature were seen in viability, proteolysis, lipolysis, flavor, and texture (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on these findings, the recommended ripening method is D4T3, at 15 °C for 90 days. This approach, therefore, resulted in cheese analogues with optimal microbiological (viability, proteolysis, and lipolysis of 5.54 log CFU/mL, 3.55 mM Gly/L, and 24.21 µmol oleate/hour, respectively), physicochemical (MFFB 59%, water content 55%, protein 21%, FDM 17%, ash 13%, fat 10%), and sensory (flavor and texture preferred by panelists) qualities under the experimental conditions.
Preferensi Petani Pesisir Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Purworejo terhadap Varietas Unggul Baru Padi (Oryza sativa) Barokah, Umi; Wibowo, Teguh; Jannah, Mastsani Durrotul; Khoiriyah, Lulu Lazimatul; Sitaresmi, Trias
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 35 No. 1 (2026): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v35i1.932

Abstract

Background: Purworejo Regency is one of Indonesia's rice-producing regions. Identifying new, superior varieties suitable for various soil types, such as saline soils, is expected to increase rice production in the region. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide recommendations for new superior rice varieties based on the highest productivity in saline land in Purworejo Regency, and to create a sustainable agricultural management model. Methods: This study uses PVS tests that can be used in other areas with similar characteristics. This study involved 17 respondents to determine the preferences of each new superior rice variety. Respondents were selected through observation and recommendations from Gapoktan based on the number of farmers active in the rice fields. Observations were also made on new superior rice varieties in the vegetative and generative phases. Observations in the generative phase, including crop yields. Parameters for observation of morphological characters include plant height (cm), number of seedlings, root length (cm), flowering age 50%, number of panicles, number of filled grains, number of empty grains, and weight of filled grain.Results and Discussion: The results of the PVS test, based on farmers' preferences for the presented superior rice varieties, were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of this assessment will be balanced against the study's average parameters for each variety. Through the PVS test approach and participatory preference data collection, the Inpari 34 Agritan variety emerged as the main choice, with lower farmer acceptance due to weakness in pest resistance and low productivity, despite its superior characteristics based on morphological observations. In contrast, varieties such as IPB 12S and TP-Padi 2 show relatively lower acceptance among farmers due to weaknesses in pest resistance and low productivity Conclusion: The PVS approach is effective for selecting salt-tolerant rice varieties that are well-suited to farmers’ needs and have the potential to support food security.
Determinasi Adopsi Inovasi dan Dampaknya terhadap Produktivitas Usahatani Jagung Rasyid, Sofya A.; Haeruddin; Asih, Endah Wahyuning
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 35 No. 1 (2026): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v35i1.952

Abstract

Background: Maize farming productivity in rural areas still faces several challenges, particularly the low adoption of agricultural innovations, limited effectiveness of extension services, and the suboptimal role of farmer groups. For smallholder farmers, understanding the factors that encourage the adoption of innovations is essential to improve production outcomes. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the adoption of agricultural innovations and their impact on maize farming productivity in Bobo Village, Palolo District, Sigi Regency.Methods: This study employs a quantitative approach using primary and secondary data obtained through a survey of 100 corn farmers. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the relationships among the variables: access to extension services, participation in farmers’ groups, ease of innovation, adoption rate, and productivity. Results and Discussion: The results show that is not sufficient by only providing information or technology, but must be followed by the actual adoption of innovations by farmers. The adoption of innovations acts as a key link between extension services, ease of technology, and farmer group participation with production outcomes. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of improving the quality of extension services, strengthening farmer groups, and providing innovations that are easy to implement, in order to support sustainable increases in agricultural productivity.
Stabilitas Harga Beras dan Efisiensi Distribusi di Provinsi  Sumatera Selatan Pusvita, Ema; Hermawati, Lisa; Gribaldi
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 35 No. 1 (2026): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v35i1.962

Abstract

Background: Rice is a strategic food commodity that plays a vital role in maintaining food security and economic stability. South Sumatra Province is one of the nation’s major rice-producing regions, with production levels that generally result in a surplus. However, fluctuations in consumer rice prices still occur.Objective: This study aims to analyze rice price stability as well as the relationship between price stability and rice distribution efficiency in South Sumatra Province. Method: This study employs a quantitative approach using descriptive and analytical methods. The data utilized consists of secondary data, including monthly medium-grade rice prices, rice production, and rice distribution data in South Sumatra Province for the period 2021–2024.Results and Discussion: Price stability was analyzed using the coefficient of variation (CV), distribution efficiency was analyzed through the marketing margin and farmer’s share, while the relationship between price stability and distribution efficiency was analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of the study indicate that the price of medium-grade rice increased from Rp10,151/kg in 2021 to Rp11,650/kg in 2024. The coefficient of variation for prices ranged from 0.79–1.53 percent, indicating relatively stable prices. The marketing margin increased from Rp1,761/kg to Rp2,330/kg, while the farmer’s share decreased from 83.27% to 80.00%.Conclusion: The regression results indicate that the marketing margin and distribution costs
Ketahanan Pangan pada Rumah Tangga Petani di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Nusa Tenggara Timur Sembiring, Anita Christina; Utama, Lalu Juntra; Nur, Astuti
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 35 No. 1 (2026): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v35i1.966

Abstract

Background: Household food security is an important determinant of family welfare and nutritional status, particularly in rural areas with high poverty rates. The Food Consumption Score (FCS) is widely used to assess food security based on the diversity and frequency of food consumption, but its application in dry and chronically food-insecure areas such as South Central Timor (SCT) Regency is still limited. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the food security of farming households using the FCS approach and examine food consumption patterns based on the FCS classification in SCT Regency. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design in farming households with toddlers. Primary data were collected through interviews with mothers of toddlers using a structured questionnaire. The variables studied included household characteristics (parental education and number of family members), frequency of consumption of eight food groups, and FCS scores calculated according to World Food Programme (WFP) guidelines. Results and Discussion: The results showed that classification using the WFP standard cut-off categorized the majority of households as food secure. However, when using the adjusted cut- off in previous research, 97.1% of households were classified as food insecure. Consumption patterns are dominated by cereals and vegetables, with very limited consumption of animal protein sources, nuts, and milk. Conclusion: No significant association was found between parental education or family size and food security status. These findings suggest the potential for overestimating food security if only using the global FCS cut-off without considering the local context. The results of this study can serve as a basis for formulating more contextual food and nutrition interventions in rural dryland areas

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