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INDONESIA
JURNAL PANGAN
Published by Perusahaan Umum Badan Urusan Logistik
ISSN : 08520607     EISSN : 25276239     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Social Sciences
PANGAN merupakan sebuah jurnal ilmiah yang dipublikasikan oleh Pusat Riset dan Perencanaan Strategis Perum BULOG, terbit secara berkala tiga kali dalam setahun pada bulan April, Agustus, dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 813 Documents
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Penguatan Indikasi Geografis Beras Pandanwangi Cianjur: KajianKomparatif Standar Indonesia dan Jepang (Strengthening Geographical Indication of Pandanwangi Cianjur Rice:Comparative Study Indonesia-Japan Standards) ARTANTI, LEONY VITA
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.936

Abstract

           Indikasi Geografis (IG) merupakan instrumen penting untuk melindungi produk lokal yang memiliki kualitas dan karakteristik khas akibat faktor alam maupun manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kelemahan deskripsi IG Beras Pandanwangi Cianjur dan menyusun rekomendasi penguatan melalui perbandingan dengan standar IG Jepang yang diatur oleh Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif berbasis studi pustaka, dengan sumber utama berupa dokumen resmi IG Pandanwangi Cianjur dari Pangkalan Data Kekayaan Intelektual (PDKI) serta Berita Resmi IG No. 03/IG/VII/A/2015, yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan pedoman teknis IG Jepang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa deskripsi IG Pandanwangi Cianjur belum sepenuhnya memenuhi ketentuan dalam PP No. 51 Tahun 2007, karena hanya menekankan ciri fisik beras dan lokasi budidaya secara umum. Unsur penting seperti batas wilayah administratif, sejarah dan reputasi, faktor ekologi, metode produksi, pengawasan mutu, serta sistem pelabelan belum dijabarkan secara rinci. Kondisi ini berpotensimelemahkan perlindungan hukum dan daya saing produk. Sebaliknya, sistem Jepang menekankan kualitas, reputasi historis, keterkaitan ekologis, serta peran aktif kelompok produsen dalam pengelolaan IG. Oleh karena itu, penyempurnaan deskripsi IG Pandanwangi Cianjur melalui integrasi dimensi kualitas, sosial budaya, ekologi, dan kelembagaan sangat penting untuk memperkuat identitas, meningkatkan nilai tambah ekonomi, dan mendukung keberlanjutan produk di pasar global.            Geographical Indication (GI) is an important instrument to protect local products with distinctive qualities and characteristics shaped by both natural and human factors. This study aimed to identify weaknesses in the GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur rice and to provide recommendations for strengthening it by comparing it with the Japanese GI standards set by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF). The research applied a descriptive qualitative method based on a literature study, using the official GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur from the Intellectual Property Database (PDKI) and the Official GI Gazette No. 03/IG/VII/A/2015, which were then compared with Japanese technical guidelines and GI descriptions. The results indicated that the GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur did not fully comply with Government Regulation No. 51 of 2007, as it primarily described the rice's physical attributes and general cultivation areas. Essential elements such as administrative boundaries, history and reputation, ecological factors, production methods, quality control mechanisms, and labeling systems were not explained in detail. This condition may weaken both legal protection and product competitiveness. In contrast, the Japanese system emphasized product quality, historical value, ecological linkages, and the active involvement of producer organizations in GI management. Therefore, improving the GI description of Pandanwangi Cianjur by integrating quality, socio-cultural, ecological, and institutional dimensions is crucial to strengthen identity, increase economic value, and support the sustainability of local products in global markets.
Ketimpangan Spasial Pasokan Beras dan Implikasinya terhadapKetahanan Pangan di Pulau Sumatra (Spatial Disparities in Rice Supply and Their Implications for FoodSecurity in Sumatra Island) Ayamilah, Yasaroti; Chusamulloh, Muhammad; Hasanah, Julita; Rondhi, Mohammad
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.941

Abstract

         Ketimpangan distribusi beras merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpotensi memengaruhi ketahanan pangan regional, khususnya di Pulau Sumatra yang memiliki karakteristik produksi dan konsumsi beras yang sangat bervariasi antarwilayah. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola spasial surplus dan defisit beras antarkabupaten/kota di Pulau Sumatra tahun 2023, mengukur tingkat ketimpangan ketersediaan beras pada periode 2018–2023, serta menguji pengaruh ketimpangan distribusi beras terhadap kerawanan pangan di Pulau Sumatra. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari publikasi resmi Badan Pusat Statistik, Kementerian Pertanian, literatur terkait, serta hasil penelitian terdahulu yang relevan denganmenggunakan analisis spasial, Indeks Williamson, serta regresi data panel menggunakan model Random Effects. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi spasial ketersediaan beras sangat timpang, dengan 62,34 persen wilayah mengalami kondisi defisit beras. Indeks Williamson secara konsisten berada di atas 0,5 yang mengindikasikan tingginya ketimpangan distribusi beras antarwilayah. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa ketimpangan distribusi berpengaruh sangat signifikan terhadap Indeks Ketahanan Pangan (p-value: 0,0019). Selanjutnya, pengeluaran per kapita dan tingkat kemiskinan yang merupakan faktor dominan juga memengaruhi ketahanan pangan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa ketahanan pangan di Sumatra lebih dipengaruhi oleh akses ekonomi (demand-side) dibandingkan ketersediaan fisik beras (supply-side). Oleh karena itu, studi ini merekomendasikan agar fokus kebijakan diarahkan pada peningkatan akses ekonomi melalui pengentasan kemiskinan, bantuan sosial, dan stabilisasi harga untuk mencapai ketahanan panganyang inklusif.             Rice distribution inequality is one factor that could affect regional food security, especially on theisland of Sumatra, where rice production and consumption vary widely across regions. This study aimedto analyze the spatial patterns of rice surpluses and deficits across districts/cities on the island of Sumatrain 2023, measured the level of inequality in rice availability during 2018–2023, and examined the effect ofrice distribution inequality on food insecurity on the island of Sumatra. This study used secondary data from official publications of the Central Statistics Agency and the Ministry of Agriculture, relevant literature, and previous research results, including spatial analysis, the Williamson Index, and panel data regression using the Random Effects model. The results showed that the spatial distribution of rice availability is very uneven, with 62.34 percent of the region experiencing rice deficits. The Williamson Index was consistently above 0.5, indicating a high level of inequality in rice distribution between regions. The regression results showed that distribution inequality had a very significant effect on the Food Security Index (p-value: 0.0019). Furthermore, per capita expenditure and poverty levels, which were dominant factors, also affected food security. These findings indicated that food security in Sumatra was more influenced by economic access (demand-side) than by the physical availability of rice (supply-side). Therefore, this study recommended that policy focus be directed toward improving economic access through poverty alleviation, social assistance, and price stabilization in order to achieve inclusive food security.
Faktor Ekonomi Kunci yang Memengaruhi Dinamika Kemiskinandi Kawasan Perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste (Key Economic Factors Influencing Poverty Dynamics in theIndonesia-Timor Leste Border Region) Nalle, Frederic
JURNAL PANGAN Vol. 34 No. 3 (2025): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33964/jp.v34i3.956

Abstract

        Kemiskinan dan kerentanan pangan masih menjadi tantangan pembangunan utama di kawasan perbatasan, khususnya di wilayah dengan keterbatasan infrastruktur, dominasi pekerjaan informal, dan sistem pertanian lahan kering yang rentan terhadap perubahan iklim. Dalam konteks tersebut, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan per kapita, tingkat pengangguran, dan produksi padi terhadap dinamika kemiskinan di empat kabupaten perbatasan Indonesia–Timor Leste (Kupang, Timor Tengah Utara, Belu, dan Malaka) selama periode 2015–2024. Dengan menggunakan regresi panel Fixed Effect Model (FEM), hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pendapatan per kapita berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan, meskipun pengaruhnya relatif kecil, sementara pengangguran dan produksi padi tidak signifikan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya keterputusan pertumbuhan–kemiskinan (growth-poverty disconnect) di kawasan perbatasan, di mana peningkatan pendapatan belum sepenuhnya diikuti oleh penurunan kemiskinan akibat dominasi pekerjaan informal berproduktivitas rendah dan keterbatasan sistem pertanian lahan kering. Implikasi kebijakan menegaskan perlunya pendekatan pembangunan berbasis karakteristik wilayah (territorial differentiation) melalui pemerataan distribusi pendapatan, penciptaan lapangan kerja layak (decent work), serta penguatan ketahanan pangan berbasis diversifikasi pangan lokal, adopsi teknologi adaptif iklim, dan penguatan kelembagaan pasar. Dengan demikian, pembangunan kawasan perbatasan diharapkan tidak hanya mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi, tetapi juga menurunkan kemiskinan dan memperkuat ketahananpangan secara lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan.           Poverty and food vulnerability remain significant development challenges in border regions, particularly in areas characterized by limited infrastructure, the dominance of informal employment, and dryland agricultural systems that are highly vulnerable to climate variability. In this context, this study examined the effects of per capita income, the open unemployment rate, and rice production on poverty dynamics across four Indonesian Timor–Leste border districts (Kupang, North Central Timor, Belu, and Malaka) over the period 2015–2024. Using a panel regression with a Fixed Effect Model (FEM), the results indicated that per capita income had a statistically significant, adverse effect on poverty. However, the magnitude of this effect was relatively small, whereas unemployment and rice production were not statistically significant. The findings revealed a growth–poverty disconnect in border regions, where income growth had not been fully translated into poverty reduction due to the prevalence of low-productivity informal employment and structural constraints in dryland agricultural systems. Policy implications underscore the importance of a territorially differentiated development approach, emphasizing a more equitable distribution of income gains, the expansion of decent work, and the strengthening of food security through local food diversification, the adoption of climate-adaptive technologies, and the reinforcement of market institutions. Accordingly, development strategies in border regions are expected not only to stimulate economic growth but also to reduce poverty and enhance food security in more inclusive and sustainable ways.

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