International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE, ISSN: 2088-8708, a SCOPUS indexed Journal, SNIP: 1.001; SJR: 0.296; CiteScore: 0.99; SJR & CiteScore Q2 on both of the Electrical & Electronics Engineering, and Computer Science) is the official publication of the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES). The journal is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world.
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A simplified predictive framework for cost evaluation to fault assessment using machine learning
Rai, Deepti;
Prashant, Jyothi Arcot
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 6: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp7027-7036
Software engineering is an integral part of any software development scheme which frequently encounters bugs, errors, and faults. Predictive evaluation of software fault contributes towards mitigating this challenge to a large extent; however, there is no benchmarked framework being reported in this case yet. Therefore, this paper introduces a computational framework of the cost evaluation method to facilitate a better form of predictive assessment of software faults. Based on lines of code, the proposed scheme deploys adopts a machine-learning approach to address the perform predictive analysis of faults. The proposed scheme presents an analytical framework of the correlation-based cost model integrated with multiple standards machine learning (ML) models, e.g., linear regression, support vector regression, and artificial neural networks (ANN). These learning models are executed and trained to predict software faults with higher accuracy. The study considers assessing the outcomes based on error-based performance metrics in detail to determine how well each learning model performs and how accurate it is at learning. It also looked at the factors contributing to the training loss of neural networks. The validation result demonstrates that, compared to logistic regression and support vector regression, neural network achieves a significantly lower error score for software fault prediction.
Improvement of the linear quadratic regulator control applied to a DC-DC boost converter driving a permanent magnet direct current motor
Bouchahed, Adel;
Assabaa, Mohamed;
Draidi, Abdellah;
Makhloufi, Fateh;
Belhani, Ahmed
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 6: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp6131-6140
This article discusses a new robust control technique that enables the DC-DC boost converter driving a permanent magnet direct current (PMDC) motor to operate in high static and dynamic performances. The new technique is based on the design of a both linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and linear quadratic regulator-proportional integral (LQR-PI) type controllers, which have the advantage of eliminating oscillations, overshoots and fluctuations on different characteristics in steady-state system operation. In order to increase the output voltage, the LQR regulator is combined with a first-order system represented in the form of a closed-loop transfer function, the latter raising the output voltage to 24 volts, this voltage is enough to drive the permanent magnet direct current motor. The contribution of this paper is the creation of a robust control system represented in the form of a hybrid corrector able to regulate steady-state and transient disturbances and oscillations as well as to increase DC-DC boost converter output voltage for the PMDC motor to operate at rated voltage. The results of the three control techniques are validated by MATLAB Simulink.
Using deep learning algorithms to classify crop diseases
Murzabekova, Gulden;
Glazyrina, Natalya;
Nekessova, Anargul;
Ismailova, Aisulu;
Bazarova, Madina;
Kashkimbayeva, Nurzhamal;
Mukhametzhanova, Bigul;
Aldashova, Madina
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 6: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp6737-6744
The use of deep learning algorithms for the classification of crop diseases is one of the promising areas in agricultural technology. This is due to the need for rapid and accurate detection of plant diseases, which allows timely measures to be taken to treat them and prevent their spread. One of them is to increase productivity and maintain land quality through the timely detection of diseases and pests in agriculture and their elimination. Traditional classification methods in machine learning and algorithms in deep learning were compared to note the high accuracy in detecting pests and crop diseases. The advantages and disadvantages of each model considered during training were taken into account, and the Inception V3 algorithm was incorporated into the application. They can monitor the condition of crops on a daily basis with the help of new technology-applications on gadgets. Aerial photographs used by research institutes and agricultural grain centers do not show the changes that occur in agricultural grains, that is, diseases and pests. Therefore, the method proposed in this paper determines the types of diseases and pests of cereals through a mobile application and suggests ways to deal with them.
Hybrid filtering methods for feature selection in high-dimensional cancer data
Md Noh, Siti Sarah;
Ibrahim, Nurain;
Mansor, Mahayaudin M.;
Yusoff, Marina
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 6: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp6862-6871
Statisticians in both academia and industry have encountered problems with high-dimensional data. The rapid feature increase has caused the feature count to outstrip the instance count. There are several established methods when selecting features from massive amounts of breast cancer data. Even so, overfitting continues to be a problem. The challenge of choosing important features with minimum loss in a different sample size is another area with room for development. As a result, the feature selection technique is crucial for dealing with high-dimensional data classification issues. This paper proposed a new architecture for high-dimensional breast cancer data using filtering techniques and a logistic regression model. Essential features are filtered out using a combination of hybrid chi–square and hybrid information gain (hybrid IG) with logistic regression as classifier. The results showed that hybrid IG performed the best for high-dimensional breast and prostate cancer data. The top 50 and 22 features outperformed the other configurations, with the highest classification accuracies of 86.96% and 82.61%, respectively, after integrating the hybrid information gain and logistic function (hybrid IG+LR) with a sample size of 75. In the future, multiclass classification of multidimensional medical data to be evaluated using data from a different domain.
Generalized recursive algorithm for fetal electrocardiogram isolation from non-invasive maternal electrocardiogram
Kaoula, Ikram;
Guessoum, Abderrezak;
Kazed, Boualem
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 6: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp6312-6323
Non-invasive maternal electrocardiogram recording is the least unpleasant method to record a weak fetal electrocardiogram signal. The importance of this recording lies in the fact that it reveals crucial information about the fetal health state, especially during the last four weeks of pregnancy. This paper will be concerned with a new adaptive algorithm, namely the generalized recursive algorithm, to isolate and get the fetal electrocardiogram from the abdominal maternal electrocardiogram. This is achieved using a non-invasive method for bi-channel maternal electrocardiogram recordings i.e., with the thoracic maternal electrocardiogram as a reference signal, and the abdominal maternal electrocardiogram as a primary signal. Prior to this procedure, the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) method is applied to the abdominal electrocardiogram signal to clean it from any additive noise and the baseline wandering that is generally present on the raw recordings. The proposed new adaptive filter is shown to deliver improved characteristics through simulations. These simulations were performed on both synthetic and actual signals. This work was compared with the normalized least mean square algorithm.
Enhancing speaker verification accuracy with deep ensemble learning and inclusion of multifaceted demographic factors
Palsapure, Pranita Niraj;
Rajeswari, Rajeswari;
Kempegowda, Sandeep Kumar
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 6: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp6972-6983
Effective speaker identification is essential for achieving robust speaker recognition in real-world applications such as mobile devices, security, and entertainment while ensuring high accuracy. However, deep learning models trained on large datasets with diverse demographic and environmental factors may lead to increased misclassification and longer processing times. This study proposes incorporating ethnicity and gender information as critical parameters in a deep learning model to enhance accuracy. Two convolutional neural network (CNN) models classify gender and ethnicity, followed by a Siamese deep learning model trained with critical parameters and additional features for speaker verification. The proposed model was tested using the VoxCeleb 2 database, which includes over one million utterances from 6,112 celebrities. In an evaluation after 500 epochs, equal error rate (EER) and minimum decision cost function (minDCF) showed notable results, scoring 1.68 and 0.10, respectively. The proposed model outperforms existing deep learning models, demonstrating improved performance in terms of reduced misclassification errors and faster processing times.
Assessing the performance of random forest regression for estimating canopy height in tropical dry forests
Pinza-Jiménez, Christian Javier;
Garces-Gomez, Yeison Alberto
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 6: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp6787-6796
Accurate estimation of forest canopy height is essential for monitoring forest ecosystems and assessing their carbon storage potential. This study evaluates the effectiveness of different remote sensing techniques for estimating forest canopy height in tropical dry forests. Using field data and remote sensing data from airborne lidar and polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR), a random forest (RF) model was developed to estimate canopy height based on different indices. Results show that the normalize difference build-up index (NDBI) has the highest correlation with canopy height, outperforming other indices such as relative vigor index (RVI) and polarimetric vertical and horizontal variables. The RF model with NDBI as input showed a good fit and predictive ability, with low concentration of errors around 0. These findings suggest that NDBI can be a useful tool for accurately estimating forest canopy height in tropical dry forests using remote sensing techniques, providing valuable information for forest management and conservation efforts.
A novel wind power prediction model using graph attention networks and bi-directional deep learning long and short term memory
Mansoury, Ibtissame;
Bourakadi, Dounia El;
Yahyaouy, Ali;
Boumhidi, Jaouad
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 6: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp6847-6854
Today, integrating wind energy forecasting is an important area of research due to the erratic nature of wind. To achieve this goal, we propose a new model of wind speed prediction based on graph attention networks (GAT), we added a new attention mechanism and a learnable adjacency matrix to the GAT structure to obtain attention scores for each weather variable. The results of the GAT-based model are merged with the bi-directional deep learning long and short-term memory (BiLSTM) layer to take advantage of the geographic and temporal properties of historical weather data. The experiments and analyzes are carried out using precise meteorological data collected from wind farms in the Moroccan city of Tetouan. We show that the proposed model can learn complex input-output correlations of meteorological data more efficiently than previous wind speed prediction algorithms. Due to the resulting attention weights, the model also provides more information about the main weather factors for the evaluated forecast work.
Food sales prediction model using machine learning techniques
Merdas, Hussam Mezher;
Mousa, Ayad Hameed
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 6: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp6578-6585
Food sales prediction means how to obtain future results of sales of companies. The purpose of this step is to increase the profits of these companies by avoiding spoilage of food products and avoiding buying more quantities than the needs of these companies, which means the accumulation of these products in the warehouses without selling them. Stocked and expired products require a model that guesses the actual future need for these products. In this study, a model for food sales prediction using machine learning algorithms is proposed to achieve two objectives, first: make a comparison between two datasets, one dataset with a high correlation between its features, and another dataset has a low correlation between its features. The second objective is to use several machine learning algorithms for prediction and comparing between these algorithms to find the best three algorithms that give the best prediction. By using the most important metrics such as root mean square error (RMSE) and mean square error (MSE) found the best three algorithms by using the first dataset are support vector machines (SVMs), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and bagging regressor) and the best three algorithms by using the second dataset are (gradient boosting, random forest regressor, and decision tree).
Low complexity physical layer security approach for 5G internet of things
Shanbhag, Kiran Vinayak;
Sathish, Dayakshini
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 6: December 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp6466-6475
Fifth-generation (5G) massive machine-type communication (mMTC) is expected to support the cellular adaptation of internet of things (IoT) applications for massive connectivity. Due to the massive access nature, IoT is prone to high interception probability and the use of conventional cryptographic techniques in these scenarios is not practical considering the limited computational capabilities of the IoT devices and their power budget. This calls for a lightweight physical layer security scheme which will provide security without much computational overhead and/or strengthen the existing security measures. Here a shift based physical layer security approach is proposed which will provide a low complexity security without much changes in baseline orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) architecture as per the low power requirements of IoT by systematically rearranging the subcarriers. While the scheme is compatible with most fast Fourier transform (FFT) based waveform contenders which are being proposed in 5G especially in mMTC and ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC), it can also add an additional layer of security at physical layer to enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB).