International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE, ISSN: 2088-8708, a SCOPUS indexed Journal, SNIP: 1.001; SJR: 0.296; CiteScore: 0.99; SJR & CiteScore Q2 on both of the Electrical & Electronics Engineering, and Computer Science) is the official publication of the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES). The journal is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world.
Articles
6,301 Documents
Bit-error-rate Optimization for CDMA Ultra-wideband System Using Generalized Gaussian Approach
Chung Gwo Chin;
Mohamad Yusoff Alias;
Tiang Jun Jiat
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 7, No 5: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v7i5.pp2661-2673
Ultra-wideband is a wireless technology arisen for future high speed multimedia applications. It can provide data rate in excess of Gigabits per second by transmitting impulse signal through the free space. However, the ultra-wideband indoor channel models proposed by the IEEE P802.15.3a suffer long multipath propagation. Due to this multipath effect, several studies have been done to improve the bit-error-rate performance of the ultra-wideband system in the existence of severe interference. Yet, most of the proposed algorithms were formulated based on the Gaussian distribution, which is not true in ultra-wideband. In this paper, we first analyze the statistical behavior of the CDMA-UWB signal by applying the Kullback-Leibler divergence index. Based on the analysis, a non-Gaussian equalizer is developed by deriving an enhanced bit-error-rate optimization algorithm using the Generalized Gaussian approach. The proposed equalizer has been shown to achieve a performance gain of at least 1.5dB to 2dB over the other equalizers simulated under IEEE P802.15.3a channel models.
Behaviour of solar wireless sensor network in saharan region under different scenarios consideration
Boubakeur Hamlili;
Khelifa Benahmed;
Brahim Gasbaoui
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 10, No 3: June 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp2797-2806
This paper deals with the Wireless Sensor Network comportment in the south west region precisely Bechar city. Algeria has the highest technical and economic potentials for solar power exploitation in the Middle East and North Africa region. In this paper, the focus is on the behaviour of Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) supplied by solar panel PV connected to node via boost converter (DC/DC) controlled by maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique, using the incremental conductance (IC) algorithm to extract maximum power. In Our present work, many tests were carried out. The WSNs are examined under sever and different temperature and irradiation variation. The obtained result is satisfactory for our (WSNs) simulated in a MATLAB / SIMULINK environment. The performances of the proposed strategy controller give a satisfactory simulation results.
Comparative Performance Investigations of Stochastic and Genetic Algorithms Under Fast Dynamically Changing Environment in Smart Antennas
Jafar Ramadhan Mohammed
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 2, No 1: February 2012
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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In a mobile communication systems, the number of observation data (snapshots) used for covariance matrix estimation can be insufficient, which often occurs due to fast dynamically changing environment or signal characteristics are rapidly changing. In these situations, the performance of the standard adaptive algorithms such as LMS are known to degrade substantially. In this paper, we propose the use of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to perform the adaptation control of the system parameters under dynamically changing environments The GA-based beamformer has nearly optimal interference cancellation under dynamic conditions, and makes the output SINR consistently close to the optimal one regardless of the number of snapshot used. Other advantages of the GA is its simplicity and fast convergence provided that the parameters are appropriately chosen, which makes it a practical algorithm for beamforming in smart antenna. Simulation results validate substantial performance improvements relative to other standard adaptive algorithms. Although, the use of GA is not new in smart antenna technology, the performance evaluation of the genetic optimization under fast dynamically changing environment has not been investigated to the best of my knowledge and it is of great practical significance.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v2i1.119
Application of Multiple Kernel Support Vector Regression for Weld Bead Geometry Prediction in Robotic GMAWProcess
Nader Mollayi;
Mohammad Javad Eidi
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 8, No 4: August 2018
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2310-2318
Modelling and prediction of weld bead geometry is an important issue in robotic GMAW process. This process is highly non-linear and coupled multivariable system and the relationship between process parameters and weld bead geometry cannot be defined by an explicit mathematical expression. Therefore, application of supervised learning algorithms can be useful for this purpose. Support vector machine is a very successful approach to supervised learning. In this approach, a higher degree of accuracy and generalization capability can be obtained by using the multiple kernel learning framework, which is considered as a great advantage in prediction of weld bead geometry due to the high degree of prediction accuracy required. In this paper, a novel approach for modelling and prediction of the weld bead geometry, based on multiple kernel support vector regression analysis has been proposed, which benefits from a high degree of accuracy and generalization capability. This model can be used for proper selection of welding parameters in order to obtain a desired weld bead geometry in robotic GMAW process.
Multiple Feature Fuzzy c-means Clustering Algorithm for Segmentation of Microarray Images
J. Harikiran;
P.V. Lakshmi;
R. Kiran Kumar
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 5, No 5: October 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v5i5.pp1045-1053
Microarray technology allows the simultaneous monitoring of thousands of genes. Based on the gene expression measurements, microarray technology have proven powerful in gene expression profiling for discovering new types of diseases and for predicting the type of a disease. Gridding, segmentation and intensity extraction are the three important steps in microarray image analysis. Clustering algorithms have been used for microarray image segmentation with an advantage that they are not restricted to a particular shape and size for the spots. Instead of using single feature clustering algorithm, this paper presents multiple feature clustering algorithm with three features for each pixel such as pixel intensity, distance from the center of the spot and median of surrounding pixels. In all the traditional clustering algorithms, number of clusters and initial centroids are randomly selected and often specified by the user. In this paper, a new algorithm based on empirical mode decomposition algorithm for the histogram of the input image will generate the number of clusters and initial centroids required for clustering. It overcomes the shortage of random initialization in traditional clustering and achieves high computational speed by reducing the number of iterations. The experimental results show that multiple feature Fuzzy C-means has segmented the microarray image more accurately than other algorithms.
An energy-efficient clustering protocol using fuzzy logic and network segmentation for heterogeneous WSN
Aziz Mahboub;
El Mokhtar En-Naimi;
Mounir Arioua;
Hamid Barkouk;
Younes El Assari;
Ahmed El Oualkadi
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 9, No 5: October 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v9i5.pp4192-4203
Wireless sensor networks have become an emerging research area due to their importance in the present industrial application. The enlargement of network lifetime is the major limitation in WSN. Several routing protocols study the extension of lifespan in WSN. Routing protocols significantly influence on the global of energy consumption for sensors in WSN. It is essential to correct the energy efficiency performance of routing protocol in order to improve the lifetime. The protocols based on clustering are the most routing protocols in WSN to reduce energy consumption. The protocols dedicate to WSN have demonstrated their limitation in expanding the lifetime of the network. In this paper, we present Hybrid SEP protocol : Multi-zonal Fuzzy logic heterogeneous Clustering based on Stable Election Protocol (FMZ-SEP). The FMZ-SEP characterizes by four parameters: WSN segmentation (splitting the WSN into the triangle zones ), the Subtractive Clustering Method to determine a correct number of clusters, the FCM and the SEP protocol. The FMZ-SEP prolong the stability period and extend the lifetime. The simulation results point out that the stability period of FMZ-SEP. FMZ-SEP protocol outperforms of MZ-SEP, FSEP and SEP protocol by improving the network lifetime and the stability period.
Security Enhancement in Networked Embedded System
Pradip Ram Selokar;
P T Karule
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 7, No 4: August 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v7i4.pp1867-1873
In the developed system ARM9 is a master and Two ARM7s are slaves. The peripherals are being controlled by two ARM7 boards. The Peripherals are connected to the ARM7 through Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD). The CPLD is in turn connected to the ARM7 using Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI). The ARM7 boards collect the information from the peripherals and send it to the ARM9 board. The communication between ARM7 and ARM9 is via UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) over CAN (Controller Area Network). The ARM9 board has got the software intelligence. The ARM9 behaves as a master and two ARM7 boards behave as slaves. Being master ARM9 passes tokens to ARM7 which in turn returns (Acknowledges) the token. The ARM9 is further connected to Proxy via Ethernet. The proxy is further connected to the service platform (server) via Ethernet. So subsequently any decisions at any stage can be changed at server level. Further these commands can be passed on to ARM9 which in turn controls the peripherals through ARM7. (a) The system which we have developed consists of ARM9 as a master, Two ARM7 as Slaves. The communication between ARM9-ARM7 is via UART over a CAN, (b) Each ARM7 further communicates serially (RS232) with the two 8051 Microcontroller nodes, (c)Thus a networked Embedded System is developed wherein the serial data is brought over Ethernet. The ARM7 board, which is directly linked with the peripherals, can be modified of its functionality as and when required. The functionality of ARM7 can be modified by upgrading its firmware. To upgrade the firmware same communication link has been used. ARM7 receives the new firmware via same ARM9-ARM7 communication link. The Flash Write operation is performed using the source code to write the new firmware. Bootloader application for the ARM7 has been developed. The signature has been incorporated to assure authenticity of the new Firmware. Intel Hex File Format is used to parse the hex file.
Foreground algorithms for detection and extraction of an object in multimedia
Rekha V.;
Natarajan K.;
Innila Rose J.
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 10, No 2: April 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1849-1858
Background Subtraction of a foreground object in multimedia is one of the major preprocessing steps involved in many vision-based applications. The main logic for detecting moving objects from the video is difference of the current frame and a reference frame which is called “background image” and this method is known as frame differencing method. Background Subtraction is widely used for real-time motion gesture recognition to be used in gesture enabled items like vehicles or automated gadgets. It is also used in content-based video coding, traffic monitoring, object tracking, digital forensics and human-computer interaction. Now-a-days due to advent in technology it is noticed that most of the conferences, meetings and interviews are done on video calls. It’s quite obvious that a conference room like atmosphere is not always readily available at any point of time. To eradicate this issue, an efficient algorithm for foreground extraction in a multimedia on video calls is very much needed. This paper is not to just build Background Subtraction application for Mobile Platform but to optimize the existing OpenCV algorithm to work on limited resources on mobile platform without reducing the performance. In this paper, comparison of various foreground detection, extraction and feature detection algorithms are done on mobile platform using OpenCV. The set of experiments were conducted to appraise the efficiency of each algorithm over the other. The overall performances of these algorithms were compared on the basis of execution time, resolution and resources required.
Real-Time Implementation and Performance Optimization of Local Derivative Pattern Algorithm on GPUs
Nisha Chandran;
Durgaprasad Gangodkar;
Ankush Mittal
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 8, No 6: December 2018
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp5457-5471
Pattern based texture descriptors are widely used in Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) for efficient retrieval of matching images. Local Derivative Pattern (LDP), a higher order local pattern operator, originally proposed for face recognition, encodes the distinctive spatial relationships contained in a local region of an image as the feature vector. LDP efficiently extracts finer details and provides efficient retrieval however, it was proposed for images of limited resolution. Over the period of time the development in the digital image sensors had paid way for capturing images at a very high resolution. LDP algorithm though very efficient in content-based image retrieval did not scale well when capturing features from such high-resolution images as it becomes computationally very expensive. This paper proposes how to efficiently extract parallelism from the LDP algorithm and strategies for optimally implementing it by exploiting some inherent General-Purpose Graphics Processing Unit (GPGPU) characteristics. By optimally configuring the GPGPU kernels, image retrieval was performed at a much faster rate. The LDP algorithm was ported on to Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) supported GPGPU and a maximum speed up of around 240x was achieved as compared to its sequential counterpart.
A New All-Optical Signal Regeneration Technique for 10 GB/S DPSK Transmission System
Bhagwan Das;
Mohammad Faiz Liew Abdullah;
Nor Shahida Mohd Shah
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 6, No 2: April 2016
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp859-869
The transmission of high power inside the optical fiber, produce amplitude noise, phase noise and other transmission impairments that degrade the performance of optical communication system. The signal regeneration techniques are used to mitigate these nonlinear impairments in the electrical or in the optical domain. All-optical signal regeneration techniques are one of the solutions to mitigate these nonlinear transmission impairments in the optical domain without converting the signal from optical to electrical domain. The existing techniques are not capable enough to attain the Bit Error Rate (BER) less than 10-10 with the power penalty less than – 9dBm. In this paper, a new all-optical signal regeneration technique is developed that mitigate amplitude and phase noises in the optical domain. The new optical signal regeneration technique is developed by combining the two existing technique one is 3R (Reshaping, Reamplification and Retiming) regeneration and other is Phase Sensitive Amplification (PSA). The 10Gb/s Differential Phase shift Keying (DPSK) noisy transmission system is used to verify the features of developed technique. The developed technique successfully mitigates the nonlinear impairments from the noisy DPSK system with significant improvement in BER at low power penalty with the additional feature of high Q-factor and an eye open response for the regenerated signal. It is determined that BER of 10-12 is achieved at the power penalty of -14 dBm with Q-factor of 42 and an eye opened response. The developed technique in the DPSK system is realized using commercial software package Optisystem. The designed technique will be helpful to enhance the performance existing high-speed optical communication by achieving the minimum BER at low power penalty.