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International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Published by Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
ISSN : 20888708     EISSN : 27222578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE, ISSN: 2088-8708, a SCOPUS indexed Journal, SNIP: 1.001; SJR: 0.296; CiteScore: 0.99; SJR & CiteScore Q2 on both of the Electrical & Electronics Engineering, and Computer Science) is the official publication of the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES). The journal is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Komputer (semua kategori) - Ilmu Komputer (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,301 Documents
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Credit card fraud data analysis using proposed sampling algorithm and deep ensemble learning Khine, Aye Aye; Myint, Zin Thu Thu
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 16, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v16i1.pp311-320

Abstract

Credit card fraud detection is challenging due to the severe imbalance between legitimate and fraudulent transactions, which hinders accurate fraud identification. To address this, we propose a deep learning-based ensemble model integrated with a proposed sampling algorithm based on random oversampling. Unlike traditional methods, the proposed sampling algorithm addresses the oversight of parameter selection and manages class imbalance without eliminating any legitimate samples. The ensemble framework combines the strengths of convolutional neural networks (CNN) for spatial feature extraction, long short-term memory (LSTM) networks for capturing sequential patterns, and multilayer perceptrons (MLP) for efficient classification. Three ensemble strategies—Weighted average, unweighted average, and unweighted majority voting—are employed to aggregate predictions. Experimental results show that all ensemble methods achieve perfect scores (1.00) in precision, recall, and F1-score for both fraud and non-fraud classes. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of ensemble model with optimized sampling approach for robust and accurate fraud detection.
Application of deep learning and machine learning techniques for the detection of misleading health reports Jaladanki, Ravindra Babu; Murthy, Garapati Satyanarayana; Gaddam, Venu Gopal; Nagamani, Chippada; Ramesh, Janjhyam Venkata Naga; Eluri, Ramesh
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 16, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v16i1.pp373-382

Abstract

In the current era of vast information availability, the dissemination of misleading health information poses a considerable obstacle, jeopardizing public health and overall well-being. To tackle this challenge, experts have utilized artificial intelligence methods, especially machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), to create automated systems that can identify misleading health-related information. This study thoroughly investigates ML and DL techniques for detecting fraudulent health news. The analysis delves into distinct methodologies, exploring their unique approaches, metrics, and challenges. This study explores various techniques utilized in feature engineering, model architecture, and evaluation metrics within the realms of machine learning and deep learning methodologies. Additionally, we analyze the consequences of our results on enhancing the efficacy of systems designed to detect counterfeit health news and propose possible avenues for future investigation in this vital area.
Internet of things heatstroke detection device Patil, Swati; Kulkarni, Rugved Ravindra; Salunkhe, Karishma Prashant; Agrawal, Vidit Pravin
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 16, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v16i1.pp535-544

Abstract

The increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves due to climate change underscore the critical need for proactive measures to prevent heat stroke, a life-threatening condition affecting individuals of all demographics, with vulnerability among the elderly and outdoor workers. In response to this pressing public health challenge, we present the internet of things (IoT) based heat stroke prevention device, a comprehensive solution leveraging a suite of sensors including temperature, atmospheric, pulse rate, blood pressure, and gyroscope sensors, seamlessly integrated with an ESP32 microcontroller and Firebase's real-time database. Central to the device's functionality is a random forest classifier machine learning model, trained on historical data and user-specific parameters, to accurately predict the likelihood of heat stroke onset in real-time. Rigorous testing and validation procedures demonstrate the device's high accuracy and reliability in sensor measurements, data transmission, and model performance. The accompanying web-based dashboard provides users with intuitive access to their current health metrics, including temperature, humidity, blood pressure, pulse rate, and personalized predictions for heat stroke risk. This innovative device serves as a versatile tool for public health agencies, occupational safety programs, and individuals seeking to safeguard their well-being in the face of escalating temperatures and climate uncertainties.
An information retrieval system for Indian legal documents Dhala, Rasmi Rani; Kumar, A V S Pavan; Panda, Soumya Priyadarsini
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 16, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v16i1.pp246-255

Abstract

In this work, a legal document retrieval system is presented that estimates the significance of the user queries to appropriate legal sub-domains and extracts the key documents containing required information quickly. In order to develop such a system, a document repository is prepared comprising the documents and case study reports of different Indian legal matters of last five years. A legal sub-domain classification technique using deep neural network (DNN) model is used to obtain the relevance of the user queries with respective legal sub-domains for quick information retrieval. A query-document relevance (QDR) score-based technique is presented to rank the output documents in relation to the query terms. The presented model is evaluated by performing several experiments under different context and the performance of the presented model is analyzed. The presented model achieves an average precision score of 0.98 and recall score of 0.97 in the experiments performed. The retrieval model is assessed with other retrieval models and the presented model achieves 13% and 12% increase average accuracy with respect to precision scores and recall measures respectively compared to the traditional models showing the strength of the presented model.
Students performance clustering for future personalized in learning virtual reality Alaoui, Ghalia Mdaghri; Zouhair, Abdelhamid; Khabbachi, Ilhame
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 16, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v16i1.pp297-310

Abstract

This study investigates five clustering algorithms—K-Means, Gaussian mixture model (GMM), hierarchical clustering (HC), k-medoids, and spectral clustering—applied to student performance in mathematics, reading, and writing to support the development of virtual reality (VR)-based adaptive learning systems. Cluster quality was assessed using Davies-Bouldin and Calinski-Harabasz indices. Spectral clustering achieved the best results (DBI = 0.75, CHI = 1322), followed by K-Means (DBI = 0.79, CHI = 1398), while HC demonstrated superior robustness to outliers. Three distinct student profiles—beginner, intermediate, and advanced—emerged, enabling targeted adaptive interventions. Supervised classifiers trained on these clusters reached up to 99% accuracy (logistic regression) and 97.5% (support vector machine (SVM)), validating the discovered groupings. This work introduces a novel, data-driven methodology integrating unsupervised clustering with supervised prediction, providing a practical framework for designing immersive VR learning environments.
Accessibility in e-government portals: a systematic mapping study Ouaziz, Mohammed Rida; Cheikhi, Laila; Idri, Ali; Abran, Alain
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 16, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v16i1.pp357-372

Abstract

In recent years, several researchers have investigated the challenges of accessibility in e-government portals and have contributed to many proposals for improvements. However, no comprehensive review has been conducted on this topic. This study aimed to survey and synthesize the published work on the accessibility of e-government portals for people with disabilities. We carried out a review using a systematic mapping study (SMS) to compile previous findings and provide comprehensive state-of-the-art. The SMS collected studies published between January 2000 and March 2025 were identified using an automated search in five known databases. In total, 112 primary studies were selected. The results showed a notable increase in interest and research activities related to accessibility in e-government portals. Journals are the most widely used publication channel; studies have mainly focused on evaluation research and show a commitment to inclusivity. “AChecker” and “Wave validator” are the most used accessibility evaluation tools. The findings also identified various accessibility guidelines, with the most frequently referenced being the web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG). Based on this study, several key implications emerge for researchers, and addressing them would be beneficial for researchers to advance e-government website accessibility in a meaningful way.
Optimal investment framework of static VAr compensators in distribution system based on life cycle cost Trung, Nguyen Hien; Thang, Vu Van
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 16, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v16i1.pp76-88

Abstract

The distribution system planning and operating present significant challenges due to low voltage, high impedance, and large load density, which lead to substantial power losses and low voltage quality. To address this challenge, the paper proposes an optimal framework for the simultaneous determination of the placement and sizing of static VAr compensators (SVCs) in DSs. The proposed model is formulated as an optimization problem that minimizes the life cycle cost, while accounting for the varying lifespans and investment times of SVCs. The framework incorporates hourly load variation and employs full alternating current (AC) power flow analysis to improve the accuracy of results. Additionally, it considers the dependency of the reactive power injected by SVCs on the DSs and incorporates the discrete rated capacities of SVCs to ensure practical feasibility and enhance the accuracy of compensation power, effect of DSs. The proposed approach is validated using a modified 33-bus IEEE test system implemented in the general algebraic modeling system (GAMS). Numerical results from multiple case studies confirm the feasibility and high performance of the proposed model.
Parameter-efficient fine-tuning of small language models for code generation: a comparative study of Gemma, Qwen 2.5 and Llama 3.2 Nguyen, Van-Viet; Nguyen, The-Vinh; Nguyen, Huu-Khanh; Vu, Duc-Quang
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 16, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v16i1.pp278-287

Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in code generation; however, their high computational demands, privacy limitations, and challenges in edge deployment restrict their practical use in domain-specific applications. This study explores the effectiveness of parameter efficient fine-tuning for small language models (SLMs) with fewer than 3 billion parameters. We adopt a hybrid approach that combines low-rank adaptation (LoRA) and 4-bit quantization (QLoRA) to reduce fine-tuning costs while preserving semantic consistency. Experiments on the CodeAlpaca-20k dataset reveal that SLMs fine-tuned with this method outperform larger baseline models, including Phi-3 Mini 4K base, in ROUGE-L. Notably, applying our approach to the LLaMA 3 3B and Qwen2.5 3B models yielded performance improvements of 54% and 55%, respectively, over untuned counterparts. We evaluate models developed by major artificial intelligence (AI) providers Google (Gemma 2B), Meta (LLaMA 3 1B/3B), and Alibaba (Qwen2.5 1.5B/3B) and show that parameter-efficient fine-tuning enables them to serve as cost-effective, high-performing alternatives to larger LLMs. These findings highlight the potential of SLMs as scalable solutions for domain-specific software engineering tasks, supporting broader adoption and democratization of neural code synthesis.
Hybrid neurocontrol of irrigation of field agricultural crops Kabildjanov, Aleksandr S.; Usmanov, Aziz M.; Yadgarova, Dilnoza B.
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 16, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v16i1.pp206-215

Abstract

This study investigates a conceptual framework for a hybrid intelligent control system designed to optimize the irrigation practice for field crops via fertigation technologies. This research is aimed at enhancing irrigation management through the improvement of the prediction, optimization, and regulation processes. This is achieved through the incorporation of modern computational intelligence with advanced deep learning based neural networks, evolutionary optimization algorithms, and the adaptive neuro-fuzzy technique. This hybrid control framework is made up of interconnected sets of monitoring and decision-making modules. These include subsystems for evaluation of soil conditions, monitoring of plant growth and physiological development, assessment of environmental and climatic conditions, and measurements of the intensity of solar radiation. Additional systems address the preparation of the fertigation mixture and control of intelligent decision-making processes. For this system, the overall control policy is rendered through a predictive neurocontrol approach with execution on a computer platform. A recurrent deep neural model, long short-term memory (LSTM) type, provides crop growth and development parameter predictions through the ability to explore temporal dependencies in agricultural processes. Optimization in the predictive control feedback is accomplished through genetic algorithms in an adaptive manner.
Tiny machine learning with convolutional neural network for intelligent radiation monitoring in nuclear installation Istofa, Istofa; Kusuma, Gina; Ningsih, Firliyani Rahmatia; Triyanto, Joko; Susila, I Putu; Susila, Atang
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 16, No 1: February 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v16i1.pp404-413

Abstract

This study focuses on developing an intelligent radiation monitoring system capable of operating on a low-power single-board computer (Raspberry Pi) for deployment in remote monitoring stations within nuclear facility environments. The proposed system utilizes a radionuclide identification method based on tiny machine learning (TinyML) with a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture. The radionuclide dataset was acquired through measurements of standard radiation sources, with variations in distance, exposure time, and combinations of multiple sources-including Cs-137, Co-60, Cs-134, and Eu-152. The radiation intensity data from detector measurements were structured into a response matrix and subsequently converted into a grayscale image dataset for model training. Keras is used to design and train machine learning models, while Tensor Flow Lite is used to model size reduction. Experimental results demonstrate that the developed model achieves an accuracy of 99.338% for Keras model trained on computer and 84.568% after deployment on the Raspberry Pi. Furthermore, this study successfully designed and embedded the TinyML model into an environment radiation monitoring system at the PUSPIPTEK nuclear installation.

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