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Scripta Biologica

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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : - EISSN : 23553138 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Scripta Biologica is a peer reviewed open access electronic journal published by the Faculty of Biology Jenderal Soedirman University, publishes research papers encompasses all aspects of biology, including; molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics; physiology and reproduction; ecology and conservation; biodiversity, evolution, taxonomy, and biogeography.

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Search results for , issue "Vol 1, No 2 (2014)" : 11 Documents clear

DIVERSITAS DAN DISTRIBUSI IKAN DI SEGARA ANAKAN CILACAP Suprastini Suprastini; Erwin Riyanto Ardli; Agus Nuryanto
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Fish is one of the aquatic commodities with significant economic value, and Segara Anakan areas is a habitat for valuable fishes for local fisherman. Segara Anakan is a eutrophic waters and serves as nursery and spawning ground and also provide an optimal environment for several species fish larvae to grow, either sedentary or migratory species. Therefore it is suggested that diverse species inhabit Segara Anakan and different part of those areas has different species because different species commonly exhibit different habitat preferences. The objectives of this research were to determine the diversity and spatial distribution of fish species in Segara Anakan Cilacap. This research was a survey with the Cluster Random Sampling was implemented as sampling technique. Species diversity was analyzed descriptively, as well as the spatial distribution. The relationships between environmental parameters and spatial distribution were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis. Environmental factors such as temperature, pH, salinity, and water DO were measured. The result showed that Stolephorus indicus was the most dominant species in Segara Anakan. The spatial distribution of fishes in every sampling station was found fluctuated. The environmental factors and fish were found highly correlated.

HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS PENYAKIT KARAT DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) PADA BEBERAPA VARIETAS BERBEDA Maman Maman; Juni Safitri Muljowati; Rochmatino Rochmatino
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The severity of plant disease is closely related to the development of the disease itself, including rusts caused by pathogenic fungi. This research aimed to determine the difference of rusts disease severity and to determine the correlation between rusts disease severity with the productivity of different varieties of soybean. The material used was inoculum of rusts pathogenic fungi, Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd., and four varieties of soybean, i.e., Slamet, Lokon, Bromo, and Ringgit. This research was a split-plot design experimental with subplot was four different varieties of soybean, and the main plot was the control without the treatment of inoculation (In0). The spores suspension density of inoculum of P. pachyrhizi Syd applied was 104 spores/ml (In1). The main parameters observed in this study were the height of plants, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per plant, the wet and dry weight of the plant, and the total weight of 100 grains seed. The supporting parameters were the disease severity, the soil acidity, the humidity, and the air temperature. The results showed the plant with lowest rusts disease severity was Slamet variety (18,38%), and the highest was Ringgit variety (35,92%). The correlation test showed the increment of rusts disease severity reduced the number of pods and dry weight of the plant in Lokon variety.

PETUNJUK PENULIS dan DAFTAR ISI Romanus Edy Prabowo
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

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DISTRIBUSI GEOGRAFIS TUNGAU PARASIT NYAMUK Aedes sp. DI DAERAH ENDEMIS DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA Arthur Shepta Laksono; Bambang Heru Budianto; Endang Ariyani Setyowati
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Parasitic mites are known as the natural enemy of Aedes sp. that can potentially infect any life stages of the Aedes sp. The parasitic mites’ ability to infect Aedes sp. influence the distribution pattern of parasitic mites. The widespread distribution of Aedes sp. is expected to affect the distribution of parasitic mites. The aims of this study were to determine the taxonomic family of parasitic mites that infected Aedes sp. larvae and to determine the geographical distribution patterns of parasitic mites of Aedes sp. in the endemic area of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Banjarnegara District. This study used larvae of Aedes sp. taken from the endemic area of DHF in Banjarnegara District. The study sites were in the Parakancanggah Village, Kutabanjar Village, Krandegan Village, and Sokanandi Village. This study used survey method with purposive sampling technique. Variable observed in this research was the distribution pattern of the parasitic mite of Aedes sp. larvae. Parameter observed included the family and the individual number of parasitic mites on each mosquito larvae, the average value, and the variance. Data were analyzed using mean value and the variance so that the distribution pattern can be determined. The level of parasitic mites’ distribution was analyzed using K' index negative binomial distribution. Results showed that 30 individual of parasitic mite were found from 1429 samples of examined Aedes sp. larvae. The identification result were five families of parasitic mites: Pionidae, Histiostomatidae, Hydryphantidae, Hydrachnidae, and Arrenuridae. The distribution pattern of the parasitic mites was regular, and the highest value of K’ index negative binomial distribution was 1,3225, in the Krandegan Village.

AKTIVITAS GLUTATION PEROKSIDASE DAN KADAR GULA DARAH TIKUS DIABETES YANG DIBERI EKSTRAK DAUN KAPULAGA (Amomum cardamomum) Hafsah Riyanti; Sorta Basar Ida Simanjutak; Hery Winarsi
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Oxidative stress in a patient with diabetes known to decrease the activity of GSH-PX and increase the level of blood glucose. Glibenclamide is commonly used by patients with diabetes to lower the blood glucose. However, the long-term use of glibenclamide may induce the damage of pancreatic β-cells. The extract containing flavonoids and vitamin C of cardamoms leaf can reduce free radicals. The effect of cardamoms leaf extract on the enzymes activity and the level of blood glucose in diabetic rats is yet unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of cardamoms leaf extract administration in the GSH-PX activities and the level of blood glucose of diabetic rats. The method used in this study was experimental with completely randomized design (CRD). There were three groups with five replicates for each. The first group, diabetic rats as control group were given no treatment; the second group, diabetic rats were given cardamoms leaf extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight; the third group, the diabetic rat were given glibenclamide at the dose of 2 mg/kg of body weight. Blood samples were taken three times at 0, 7, and 14 days after each treatment. Parameters measured were GSH-PX activity and the level of blood glucose. The data were analyzed using ANOVA F-test with a confidence level of 95%. The result of this study showed that the cardamoms leaf extract treatment decreased the activity of GSH-PX activity and decreased the level of blood glucose at a significant level (p < 0.05) from 278.8 to 101.4 mg/dl.

DISTRIBUSI LONGITUDINAL DAN STRUKTUR POPULASI Rasbora spp. DI SUNGAI BANJARAN KABUPATEN BANYUMAS Titis Amelia; Windiariani Lestari; Agus Nuryanto
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Rasbora is a genus of freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae. Three species belonging to this genus were found in Java Island; R. aprotaenia, R. lateristriata, and R. argyrotaenia. Rasbora inhabits clear running water with sandy and gravel bottom. This study aimed to determine the longitudinal distribution of Rasbora spp. based on their species richness and abundance at Banjaran River; to determine the population structure of Rasbora spp based on their body weight, standard and total length; and to identify interactions between physical-chemical factors with species richness and abundance of Rasbora spp. This research was a survey, with purposive random sampling technique applied to collect samples. The research divided the study sites into five stations based on their altitude and topography. The Cluster Analysis was calculated based on species richness and relative abundance of Rasbora spp., while the longitudinal distribution and the population structure were presented descriptively. The interaction between the physical-chemical factors and the species richness and abundance of Rasbora were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Thi study found two species of Rasbora, namely Rasbora argyrotaenia and Rasbora lateristriata with 80 and 2 individuals respectively. R. argyrotaenia was distributed longitudinally along Banjaran River. Meanwhile, R. latestriata was only found at the upstream. Based on the body weight, the population of R. argyrotaenia at the station three were found highest by the average body weight of 1–6 gr of a total 31 individuals. The maximum measurements of the standard length were observed at the station 3 with a range of diameter 4.0–5.9 cm of 30 individuals. The total length were also found at the station 3 with a range of measuremtnt 5.0–7.9 cm of 33 individuals. R. latestriata was found only two individual with body weights measured were 9 gr and 10 gr, the standard lengths were 7.6 and 8.5 cm, and the total lengths were 9.5 and 10.5 cm. The distribution of R. argyrotaenia was influenced mostly by pH, the speed of the water, and DO. The presence of R. lateristriata was influenced primarily by BOD and depth.

STUDI KEKERABATAN IKAN FAMILIA CYPRINIDAE YANG TERTANGKAP DI SUNGAI SERAYU KABUPATEN BANYUMAS Dwi Sekar Putri J; Muh. Nadjmi Abulias; Dian Bhagawati
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish that has quite a lot of valuable members and spread almost all over the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the number of fish of the family Cyprinidae in Serayu River and their relationships. This study used survey method with purposive random sampling. Research materials were members of Cyprinidae taken from the River Serayu Banyumas, which was the collection of Mrs. Dian Bhagawati. The sequence of this study included sample collection, sample preservation, sample observation in the laboratory, i.e., identification, determination of morphological characters and species name of fish and their relationships. Observed variables were morphological characters that included body shape, colors, fins specification, the total and standard length of the body, the shape of the lateral line, the shape of the caudal fin, the position of the mouth, body length, the height and width of the caudal peduncle. The data were then computed to get the coefficient of association among species (S), clustered using UPGMA Cluster Analysis as implemented in Numerical Taxonomy System (NTSYS) version 2.02i. The observed data were also descriptively analyzed based on phenogram obtained. The fish diversity recorded were eight species i.e., Puntius orphoides, Barbodes gonionotus, Osteochilus sp., Osteochilus vittatus, Osteochilus hasselti., Labiobarbus leptocheilus, Cyprinus carpio, and Rasbora sp.. The results showed that the closest relationship based on morphological characteristics was between Puntius orphoides and Rasbora sp. which had the greatest association coefficient of 0.8292. The smallest value of the association was followed by P. orphoides and Osteochilus sp. with the value of 0.3000. This study was expected to provide information of Cyprinid fish in Serayu River and their phenetic relationship.

KERAGAMAN SERANGGA PENYERBUK PADA PERTANAMAN STRAWBERY YANG DISELINGI DENGAN TANAMAN Borreria laevicaulis Maryam Muji Lestari; Imam Widhiono; Eming Sudiana
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The productivity of strawberry (Fragaria sp.) depends on the presence of pollinator insects that need nectar or pollen as their food. The diversity and the population size of pollinator insects can be increased by the companion planting of Borreria laevicaulis among the strawberry. This research aimed to determine the diversity of pollinator insects of strawberry plantation companion by B. laevicaulis and to determine the relationship between the diversity of pollinator insects with the strawberry fruit produced. This research was conducted in the strawberry plantation of Serang Village, of the District Karangreja, Purbalingga, from June to August 2012. The research was designed to determine the effect of companion planting of B. laevicaulis at the 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of the total individuals of strawberry. The results showed that the companion planting of B. laevicaulis in the strawberry field did not affect the species diversity of pollinator insects. But the B. laevicaulis companion planting affected the amount of strawberry yielded. The maximum yield was obtained by planting B. laevicaulis at the 10% of the strawberry individuals; it was increased by 76.12% of the control without companion planting.

STUDI MORFOMETRI DAN TINGKAT HERBIVORI DAUN MANGROVE DI SEGARA ANAKAN CILACAP Erma Septyaningsih; Erwin Riyanto Ardli; Ani Widyastuti
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Mangrove communities are part of the natural coastal ecosystems that have a vital role, such as the greatest source of organic material for the surrounding aquatic environment. A variety of ecological phenomenon often happens recently, either directly or indirectly affects the change of mangrove vegetations. Leaf is one of the plant organs that change shape according to the condition of the mangroves and the aquatic environment where the plant lives. The common changes of the leaves are the symmetry (morphometry), the size, and the shape. Mangrove leaves are also subjected to herbivory (predation), that will result in reduced leaf area of the photosynthesis and lowered the production of organic matter to the surrounding waters. This research aimed to determine the morphometric variation and herbivory rates of mangrove leaves at Segara Anakan Cilacap. Mangrove samples were Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, and Sonneratia caseolaris. The study used survey method with stratified random sampling technique. The results showed morphometric variations of the five species were three variations, while the average herbivory rate from highest to lowest were: Avicennia marina (7.46%), Sonneratia caseolaris (6.91%), Rhizophora apiculata (4.08%), Aegiceras corniculatum (3.42%) and Ceriops tagal (3.00%). The difference of age and species of leves affected the herbivory level.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN IBA DAN KOMPOSISI MEDIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STEK Sansevieria cylindrica var. patula Sesar Fikri Firmansyah; Rochmatino Rochmatino; Kamsinah Kamsinah
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Sansevieria is an ornamental plant commonly known as mother-in-law's tongue, devil's tongue, and snake tongue. It has many functions e.g. uses as medicine, its fiber for the textile industry, and as indoor air pollutants absorber. However, the growth of Sansevieria is slow. Therefore the supply of it seeds in large quantities in the short time was difficult. The use of Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) was one solution to accelerate the propagation of Sansevieria leaf cuttings. This study aimed to determine the concentration of IBA and the composition of media to increase the leaf cuttings propagation of Sansevieria cylindrica var. patula. The method was randomized block design with factorials. Factor I was the IBA concentrations comprised of K0 at 0 ppm, K1 at 50 ppm, K2 at 100 ppm, K3 at 150 ppm, and K4 at 200 ppm. Factor II was the ratio of manure:sand:rice-husk-ash as the growth media, comprised of M1 with 1:1:1 ratio, M2 with 1:2:1 ratio, and M3 with 1:1:2 ratio respectively. Each with three replicates overall was 45 experimental units. The parameters observed were a percentage of propagated cuttings, the number of roots, the longest length of roots, the number of shoots. The results showed the IBA could not increase the growth of cuttings in all media composition; however media compositions could enhance the number of shoots. The effective media composition propagated the cuttings was the M1 a 1:1:1 ratio of manure:sand:rice-husk-ash.

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