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Scripta Biologica

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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : - EISSN : 23553138 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Scripta Biologica is a peer reviewed open access electronic journal published by the Faculty of Biology Jenderal Soedirman University, publishes research papers encompasses all aspects of biology, including; molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics; physiology and reproduction; ecology and conservation; biodiversity, evolution, taxonomy, and biogeography.

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Articles 176 Documents

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ISOLASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT DARI KIMCHI DAN KEMAMPUANNYA MENGHASILKAN ZAT ANTI BAKTERI Benedicta Yolanda Khristnaviera; Vincentia Irene Meitiniarti
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

South Korea is famous for its fermented food called Kimchi, a traditional Korean food fermented from pickled vegetables with a mixture of spicy seasoning. Kimchi is now one of functional food products because of there are lactic acid bacteria that are probiotic and can produce bacteriocin compounds. These bacteriocin compounds may inhibit or have anti-bacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to obtain isolates of lactic acid bacteria from store-bought kimchi and homemade kimchi, to examine the antibacterial agent produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. We conducted a Disk Diffusion Method to tests the bacteriocin activity, and data were descriptively analyzed. The results showed that eight isolates of lactic acid bacteria from store-bought kimchi and homemade kimchi homemade were able to inhibit the growth of tested bacteria, S. aureus and E. coli. Isolate D1 isolated from store-bought kimchi has largest inhibitory capability against S. aureus and E. coli; it has 16.00 mm and 17.33 mm inhibitory zone, respectively. Isolate B2 isolated from homemade kimchi has the most significant inhibitory ability against S. aureus and E. coli; it has 16.67 mm and 17.67 mm inhibitory zone, respectively. The lowest ability to form clear zone was found on isolate D2 isolated from homemade kimchi. The inhibitory zone of produce by strain D2 against S. aureus and E. coli were 7.67 mm and 8.67 mm, respectively.

FORTIFIED FEED OF AVOCADO (Persea americana) LEAF EXTRACT FOR SEPTICEMIA MOTILE AEROMONAD DISEASE PREVENTION IN CATFISH Ardiansyah Kurniawan; Dara Novera Jumita; eva prasetiyono
Scripta Biologica Vol 6, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

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Disease caused by the bacterium A. hyrophila known as MAS (Motile Aeromonad Septicaemia) decreases survival and growth in Catfish. Phytopharmaca is a potential solution to replace antibiotics. One of the phytopharmaca which has the potential to be effective, inexpensive, safe for humans, and environmentally friendly is avocado (Persea americana) with active compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The potential for prevention of bacterial diseases with avocado leaf extract on the clinical symptoms of fish in MAS disease needs to be scientifically proven to be applicable to aquaculture economically and environmentally sustainable. This study uses an experimental method with several stages, namely testing LD50, in vitro and in vivo tests. The LD50 concentration of A. hydrophila is at a density of 102 cfu/ml. The filtrate of avocado leaf maceration showed that a clear zone diameter is equivalent to penicillin in the in-vitro test. Fortification of avocado leaf extract on feed is quite effective in preventing MAS disease in the in-vivo test. The fastest of MAS disease clinical symptoms recovery is at a dose of 100 ppt and 300 ppt on the 7th day. The highest Survival Rate (SR) was found at a dose of 100 pp (100%) which was equivalent to negative control and followed by a dose of 200 ppt (73.33%), 300 ppt (66.67%) and positive control (46.67%).

TINGKAT PENCEMARAN WADUK PENJALIN KECAMATAN PAGUYANGAN KABUPATEN BREBES DITINJAU DARI STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS PLANKTON Octyviana Arum; Agatha Sih Piranti; Christiani Christiani
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Penjalin Reservoir is located in Brebes Regency, Indonesia. Human activity around Penjalin Reservoir, such as irrigation, aquaculture, and sanitation can affect its water’s quality. Plankton can be used as bioindicator since its existence is heavily affected by water physical and chemical factors. Polluted waters can affect diversity and abundance of plankton. The purpose of this research were to determine waters quality of Penjalin Reservoir, to know plankton community structure (abundance, diversity, and domination), and pollution level of each sampling station based on plankton diversity. This research used survey method on 6 sampling stations covering inlet, middle of reservoir, and outlet with 3 replicates and 4 weeks interval. Water quality were analyzed descriptively based on criteria of PP No. 82 Tahun 2001. Abundance and diversity were estimated as Shanon-Wiener index. Domination were estimated as Simpson index. Plankton abundance values varies from 4,970.30 to 12,923.37 ind/l with the most abundant species was Tetraedon minimum. Diversity index (H’) were high with value around 3.28–3.55 and domination index were around 0.04–0.07. These diversity indexes showed that the water quality of Penjalin Reservoir were not polluted.

KETERSERAPAN SENYAWA AKTIF TERPILIH EKSTRAK TEPUNG TEMPE KEDELAI HITAM dan UBI JALAR UNGU pada TIKUS MODEL DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE II Syahron Mahbub Balada
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

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Black soybeans and sweet potatoes contain antioxidants that can inhibit cell damage caused by free radicals. The aim of this study was to determine the absorption of selected active compounds (Isoflavones and Anthocyanins) in type II diabetes (DMT2) rat models. Wistar male rats were used as DMT2 models treated with high fat diet (HFD) and Streptozotosin (STZ) injections until the blood glucose levels reached 160 mg/dl. The experiment was carried out by giving extract of fermented black soybean, which is locally called Tempe, and sweet potato for 28 days on 9 Wistar rats. Rats models were divided into 3 treatment groups. Group I was given with the extract of fermented black soybean flour, group II was given with sweet potato extract, and group III was given with the extract of both fermented black soybean and sweet potato extract with 2:2 ratio. The sample of serum, fecal, and mouse urine were analyzed in the laboratory test by the method of High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The result showed that the absorption of Isoflavones and Anthocyanins extracted from fermented black soybeans and sweet potatoes in type II diabetes rat models were high (99,9%). Therefore, fermented black soybeans and sweet potatoes extract can be used as alternative antidiabetic remedy.

KAJIAN TOKSISITAS DARI TUBUH BUAH Ganoderma lucidum DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BST) Ross Nurul Rohmah; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Ari Asnani
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Ganoderma lucidum is polyporus fungi from Basidiomycetes which can be used as traditional medicines. Toxicity test with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) method using Artemia salina was conducted to find out toxic effect of G.lucidum. An extract would have toxic effect if the LC50 < 1000 µg/ml. The aims of this experiment were to know about the toxicity level from G.lucidum with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) method and determined the concentration of fruiting body extract of G.lucidum which had the best toxicity effect in LC50. There were two extraction methods used in this experiment, first one stage extraction and then multilevel extraction with hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Each solvent was made in 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 250 ppm, and 125 ppm. This process was repeated for three times. This experiment used G.lucidum extract which was tested to A.salina and secunder compound metabolit test from the most toxic G. lucidum was done with phytochemical analysis. The result indicated that fruiting body extract from G.lucidum could kill A.salina because all extract was positively contained alkaloid and terpenoid but negatively contained flavonoid. Fruiting body extract from G.lucidum which had lowest LC50 wass ethyl asetat extract with one stage extraction in concentration 53,70 ppm and highest LC50 was ethanol extract with multilevel extraction in concentration 501,18 ppm.

DIVERSITAS DAN DISTRIBUSI IKAN DI SEGARA ANAKAN CILACAP Suprastini Suprastini; Erwin Riyanto Ardli; Agus Nuryanto
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Fish is one of the aquatic commodities with significant economic value, and Segara Anakan areas is a habitat for valuable fishes for local fisherman. Segara Anakan is a eutrophic waters and serves as nursery and spawning ground and also provide an optimal environment for several species fish larvae to grow, either sedentary or migratory species. Therefore it is suggested that diverse species inhabit Segara Anakan and different part of those areas has different species because different species commonly exhibit different habitat preferences. The objectives of this research were to determine the diversity and spatial distribution of fish species in Segara Anakan Cilacap. This research was a survey with the Cluster Random Sampling was implemented as sampling technique. Species diversity was analyzed descriptively, as well as the spatial distribution. The relationships between environmental parameters and spatial distribution were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis. Environmental factors such as temperature, pH, salinity, and water DO were measured. The result showed that Stolephorus indicus was the most dominant species in Segara Anakan. The spatial distribution of fishes in every sampling station was found fluctuated. The environmental factors and fish were found highly correlated.

PENGARUH FOTOPERIODIK KANIBALISME MATERNAL PADA MENCIT LABORATORIUM (Mus musculus) Afdhal Tisyan; Rizaldi Rizaldi; Warnety Munir
Scripta Biologica Vol 6, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

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The animal has an ability to respond to environmental changes with an adaptive mechanism to optimize reproductive fitness. Using house mice Mus musculus (laboratory mice) as the subject, we examined the responsiveness to different photoperiod which hints at seasonal change. The animal can accurately predict the seasonal change by physiological anticipation then expressed in their behavior. Cannibalism is one of crucial maternal behavior that helps the population to control its size particularly to survive in significant environmental change. To confirm the significance of photoperiod-induced change in mice maternal cannibalism, which further changed sex ratio and mass regulation, we placed the mice in different photoperiod: 12h:12h (light:dark; control), 14h:10h (long day), and 10h:14h (short day) as first factor and duration of treatment prior to mating (0 day, 20 days and 40 days) as second factor (n = 5 / group). The results showed that photoperiod has a significant effect (p < 0,05) to the sex ratio of each litter on PND1 (postnatal day 1) and PND20, while litter size was affected only on PND20. Litter size and sex ratio changes were mainly caused by maternal-specific cannibalism as we observed during 20 days postpartum. PND20 gave significant effect to the pups mass (p < 0,05). Maternal and pups mass might associate with maternal investment during lactation, and also related to litter size and sex ratio adjustment via specific maternal cannibalism.Key Words: photoperiodism, maternal cannibalism, sex ratio, Mus musculus

PENGARUH EKSTRAK JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale) DAN MADU TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL TIKUS MODEL DIABETES MELITUS Alfi Muntafiah; Dita Yulianti; Aulia Husna Cahyaningtyas; Hani Ismi Damayanti
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) caused by deficiency of insulin, and insulin resistance or both. This chronic disease prevalence is increasing nationally and globally. This study aimed to determine the effect of ginger extract and honey various doses on levels of total cholesterol in the Wistar diabetic rat model induced by alloxan. This research is true experimental post-test only with control group design. Subject of the study 30 male Wistar rats weight 150-200 grams, divided into 6 groups: A) healthy controls (K1), B) DM control (K2), C) Treatment with red ginger extract 1000 mg / kg and honey 1 ml / kg (K3), D) Treatment with ginger extract red 1000 mg / kg and honey 2 ml / kg (K4), E) Treatment with red ginger extract 500 mg / kg and honey 1 ml / kg (K5), F) Treatment with red ginger extract 500 mg / kg and honey 2 ml / kg (K6). DM induction by alloxan 160 mg / kg intraperitoneally for 5 days, and the provision of treatment for 14 days. Total cholesterol levels were measured by CHOD-PAP method. Results: The mean total cholesterol levels of healthy control group vs the diabetic control 58.20 ± 8.76 vs. 87.80 ± 5.81 mg / dL. Based on one way ANOVA test, red ginger extract and honey various doses significantly lower total cholesterol level (p <0.05). The mean total cholesterol levels between the group K3 to K4 was not statistically different, as well as K5 with K6. However, mean total cholesterol levels at K3 and K4 differ significantly from the K5 and K6. Conclusion: Combination of red ginger extract and honey can lower total cholesterol levels in diabetic rat model induced by alloxan.

PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN GULMA KROKOT, Portulaca oleracea, TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH Allium ascalonicum 'TOPO' Fitriani Soamole; Zauzah Abdullatif; Hayun Abdullah
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The purpose of this study to determine the effect of the Portulaca oleracea purslane growth time on the growing and production of Topo local cultivar of red onions Allium ascalonicum which is originally from Tidore island. We used Randomized Block Design (RBD) to run six treatments in three blocks which consisted of P0 (without purslane weed as the control), P1 (purslane growth in the beginning of onion planting), P2 (growing of purslane after 10 days planting of onion), P3 (growing of purslane after 20 days planting of onion), P4 (growing of purslane after 30 days planting of onion), and P5 (growing of purslane after 40 days planting of onion), so there were 18 experimental units. Then, data were analysed by ANOVA, if there any significant effect which was continued by Least Significance Different test (ɑ=0,05). The results showed that the longer purslane weeds associated with Topo red onion could suppress the growth of this red onion and finally decrease the production. Finally, we found that production of P2 (103.33 g/plot) as the lowest production, which differed significantly with P0 (483.33 g/plot). Therefore, we suggested if weed control of purslane could be done at the age seven until forty days after planting and this information could be used as an essential strategy to controlling purslane weed.

ANALISIS RAPD KECIPIR POLONG PANJANG Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC HASIL MUTASI IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA Arini Maesaroh; Adi Amurwanto; Alice Yuniaty
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC] is a tropical plant that has some benefits and is very suitable to be cultivated in Indonesia. Study about diversity of winged bean is very important to support the future development of winged bean. Increased genetic diversity can be done through mutation. Gamma ray is often used for inducting mutations. One of way to observe genetic diversity resulted by molecular mutation is using RAPD method. The purpose of this study was to identify the genetic diversity of winged bean resulted by gamma ray irradiation. The method used in this study was an experiment by using RAPD technique. Samples used were plant leaves that had been induced by gamma ray with a wavelength of 20 Gy, 25 Gy, and control plants that were not induced by gamma ray. RAPD were done by ten primers that were OPA 9, OPA 10, OPA 13, OPA 18, OPB 2, 3 OPB, OPB 6, 7 OPB, OPB 10, and OPB 11. Data were analyzed using GenAlex 6.1 Program. The percentage of polymorphic loci of winged bean population control was 47,54%, while in the 20 and 25 Gy treatment were 62,30% and 54,10%, respectively. The values of genetic variation based on the calculation of allele frequencies were 0,236; 0,202 and 0,194 for treatment of 20 Gy, 25 Gy and for control plants, respectively. Meanwhile, the value of genetic distance ranged from 0.08 to 0.32.

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