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Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research

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Published by Universitas Sriwijaya

ISSN : - EISSN : 25980580 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

BioScientia Medicina is an open access international scholarly journal in the field of biomedicine and translational research aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that offering a sensible transfer of basic research to applied clinical medicine. BioScientia Medicina covers the latest developments in various fields of biomedicine with special attention to medical sciences, Traditional Herb, genetics, immunology, environmental health, toxicology, bioinformatics and biotechnology as well as multidisciplinary studies. The views of experts on current advances in nanotechnology and molecular/cell biology will be also considered for publication as long as they have a direct clinical impact on human health.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anatomi

Articles 1,209 Documents

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Rigid Esophagoscopy for an Impacted Kaffir Lime in the Proximal Esophagus: A Case Report and Discussion of a Unique Mechanical-Chemical Injury Rita Risandi; Ade Asyari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 10 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i10.1407

Background: Esophageal food bolus impaction is a common otolaryngological emergency. However, impaction by a large, whole citrus fruit is exceedingly rare and presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, particularly concerning the object's size, radiolucency, and potential for causing both mechanical and chemical mucosal injury. Case presentation: We present the case of a 42-year-old male with acute-onset dysphagia and hypersalivation after ingesting a whole kaffir lime. Laryngoscopy revealed pooled secretions in the pyriform sinus, a key indicator of high esophageal obstruction, despite non-contributory plain radiography. The patient underwent emergent rigid esophagoscopy under general anesthesia. A 36 mm kaffir lime was identified at 15 cm from the incisors and successfully extracted en bloc using alligator grasping forceps. Post-extraction evaluation revealed localized mucosal excoriation without evidence of deep laceration or perforation. The patient recovered fully with no long-term sequelae. Conclusion: This case highlights the successful management of a rare and challenging esophageal foreign body. It underscores the diagnostic primacy of clinical findings over negative radiography for radiolucent objects and demonstrates the distinct advantages of rigid esophagoscopy—superior airway control, a wider operating channel, and use of robust instrumentation—for large, solid foreign bodies lodged in the proximal esophagus. In this instance, the impaction did not lead to severe complications within 24 hours, but prompt removal is essential to mitigate the risks of pressure necrosis and chemical esophagitis.

Deciphering Activity in Early Facial Vitiligo: A Case Report Integrating Clinical, Wood's Lamp, and Dermoscopic Findings Rina Gustia; Mutia Sari; Afifah Alfyanita
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 10 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i10.1408

Background: The management of non-segmental vitiligo hinges on accurately assessing disease activity to guide appropriate therapy. A clinical challenge arises in patients presenting with a low vitiligo area scoring index (VASI), suggesting limited disease, which may be discordant with underlying inflammatory activity, potentially leading to therapeutic inertia. Case presentation: A 34-year-old woman with Fitzpatrick skin type III presented with a two-month history of rapidly progressing facial vitiligo, preceded by an erythematous phase. Despite a low VASI score of 1, the patient-reported vitiligo disease activity (VIDA) score was +4. Dermoscopy was instrumental, revealing definitive in-vivo evidence of inflammation and instability, including a pinkish background, telangiectasias, and a reversed pigment network. Based on this discordance between disease extent and activity, a multi-modal therapeutic regimen was initiated. A six-month follow-up demonstrated disease stabilization and significant perifollicular repigmentation, with resolution of the inflammatory dermoscopic signs. Conclusion: This case report illustrates the critical importance of an integrated diagnostic approach that moves beyond area-based assessment. It highlights how dermoscopy, when used to resolve the clinical paradox of low-extent but high-activity disease, can serve as an objective biomarker to justify timely and robust immunomodulatory intervention. This approach is crucial for altering the disease trajectory and optimizing patient outcomes.

The Molecular and Epidemiological Atlas of Primary Orbital Lymphoma: A Global Meta-Analysis of 3,832 Cases and Pathophysiological Correlates Silvia Roza; Ardizal Rahman; Mardijas Efendi
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1425

Background: Primary orbital lymphoma is the most common orbital malignancy in adults, yet its global distribution and the prevalence of its histopathological subtypes remain poorly defined by large-scale evidence. This study provides a comprehensive quantitative synthesis of the global landscape of orbital lymphoma to inform diagnostic frameworks and guide future research. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between January 2015 and December 2023. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase for observational studies reporting histopathological data on orbital lymphoma. Two independent reviewers performed study selection, data extraction, and quality appraisal using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. Pooled prevalence for each lymphoma subtype was calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was explored via subgroup analyses and meta-regression, and the robustness of findings was confirmed with a sensitivity analysis. Results: Fifteen studies comprising 3,832 patients met the inclusion criteria. Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) was the most prevalent subtype globally, with a pooled prevalence of 57.1% (95% CI: 51.5-62.7%). This was followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) at 16.5% (95% CI: 13.1-20.0%), follicular lymphoma (FL) at 10.2% (95% CI: 8.0-12.4%), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) at 5.1% (95% CI: 3.6-6.6%), and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) at 3.4% (95% CI: 2.2-4.5%). Subgroup analysis revealed a significantly higher prevalence of EMZL in Asia (61.3%) compared to Europe (54.2%) and North America (55.8%) (p=0.04), while FL was more common in North American (14.1%) and European (12.8%) cohorts versus Asian cohorts (4.5%) (p<0.01). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of these estimates. Conclusion: This meta-analysis establishes EMZL as the predominant histopathological subtype of orbital lymphoma worldwide, while highlighting profound geographical disparities in the distribution of EMZL and FL. These findings provide a robust global benchmark critical for clinical practice and underscore the influence of distinct geographical, genetic, and microenvironmental factors in orbital lymphomagenesis.

Malignant Transformation of Primary Acquired Melanosis into Conjunctival Melanoma in an Adolescent Male: A Clinico-Pathological Case Report and Management Review Fitrah; Ardizal Rahman; Mardijas Efendi
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1426

Background: Conjunctival malignant melanoma (CMM) is a rare but potentially lethal ocular surface malignancy, especially uncommon in adolescents. It often arises from a precursor lesion known as primary acquired melanosis (PAM) with atypia. We present a case of CMM developing from long-standing PAM in an 18-year-old male, highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in this unusual demographic. Case presentation: An 18-year-old male presented with a pigmented conjunctival lesion in his right eye, which had been present for over a decade but had recently shown progressive enlargement and darkening. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed a 5x2 mm, variegated, hyperpigmented lesion on the bulbar conjunctiva with a prominent feeding vessel. The patient underwent an excisional biopsy using a "no-touch" technique with 4 mm margins and adjunctive double freeze-thaw cryotherapy. Histopathological analysis confirmed an invasive malignant melanoma, Breslow thickness of 1.8 mm, arising from PAM with severe atypia. Surgical margins were clear of the tumor. Conclusion: This case underscores that malignant transformation of conjunctival melanocytic lesions can occur even in young patients. The presence of a changing pigmented lesion, regardless of patient age, necessitates a high index of suspicion and a low threshold for excisional biopsy. Meticulous surgical technique combined with adjuvant therapy and vigilant long-term surveillance is paramount for optimizing patient outcomes.

Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Exhaled Breath Condensate for Early Detection of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Riki Liswanto; Adrianison
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1427

Background: Early detection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is critical for improving patient survival, yet current methods face challenges of invasiveness and limited accuracy. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) offers a non-invasive window into the deep airways. This study aimed to synthesize and critically evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of genetic and epigenetic alterations in EBC for NSCLC detection. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between January 2015 and August 2025, sourced from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. We included diagnostic accuracy studies evaluating genetic (KRAS, EGFR, p53) or epigenetic (gene methylation) markers in EBC against a histopathological reference standard. Data were used to construct 2x2 contingency tables. Methodological quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. A bivariate random-effects model was used to derive pooled accuracy estimates. Results: Seven case-control studies, comprising 812 NSCLC patients and 995 controls, met the inclusion criteria. The analysis yielded a pooled sensitivity of 0.81 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.74–0.87) and a pooled specificity of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93–0.98). The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 112 (95% CI: 65–194), and the area under the SROC curve was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93–0.97). However, extreme statistical heterogeneity (I² > 80%) was observed, and all included studies were rated at high risk of bias due to their case-control design, suggesting the pooled estimates must be interpreted with significant caution. Conclusion: Analysis of DNA alterations in EBC shows promising diagnostic potential for NSCLC, particularly with high specificity. However, the current evidence is limited by significant methodological heterogeneity and study design flaws that likely overestimate performance. The primary contribution of this analysis is not a definitive accuracy value, but a critical appraisal of the monumental challenges in pre-analytical and analytical standardization that must be overcome for this technology to achieve clinical translation.

Systemic HIV-1 Viremia as an Independent Predictor of Reduced Intraocular Pressure: A Multivariable Regression Analysis in Cohorts with and without Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Nyoman Tarita Dewi; I Gusti Ayu Made Juliari; Ida Ayu Ary Pramita
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1428

Background: The association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and reduced intraocular pressure (IOP) is recognized, yet its independence from confounding opportunistic infections like cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) remains unquantified. This study aimed to determine the independent association between systemic HIV-1 viral load and IOP by employing a robust multivariable analysis in cohorts with and without CMVR. Methods: A comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 HIV-positive patients (50 with CMVR, 50 without CMVR) at a tertiary referral hospital. Data included demographics, HIV clinical stage (WHO), quantitative HIV-1 viral load, and IOP measured by applanation tonometry. The primary analysis utilized a multivariable linear regression model to assess the association between log-transformed viral load and continuous IOP, adjusting for age, gender, HIV stage, and CMVR status. An interaction term was used to test for effect modification by CMVR. Results: After adjusting for all covariates, log₁₀ HIV-1 viral load was a powerful and highly significant independent predictor of lower IOP. For every 10-fold increase in viral load, IOP decreased by an average of 0.88 mmHg (β = -0.88; 95% CI: -1.15 to -0.61; p < 0.001). Advanced HIV stage was also independently associated with lower IOP (Stage IV vs. Stage I: β = -1.25; 95% CI: -2.10 to -0.40; p = 0.004). The effect of viral load on IOP did not significantly differ between the CMVR and non-CMVR groups (p for interaction = 0.762), confirming its independent systemic effect. Conclusion: Systemic HIV-1 viremia is a dominant, independent predictor of reduced intraocular pressure, irrespective of CMVR status. This dose-dependent relationship highlights a direct pathophysiological link between viral replication and aqueous humor dynamics. IOP measurement represents a potential adjunctive clinical indicator for monitoring systemic HIV-1 disease activity.

Gray Patch Tinea Capitis by Microsporum canis in a Child: A Case Report Highlighting Environmental Risk Factors and Diagnostic Nuances Mario Korwa; Luh Made Mas Rusyati; Handelia Phinari; Andrew Wicaksono; Nandya Dwizella
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1429

Background: Tinea capitis, a dermatophytosis of the scalp, is a leading cause of hair loss in children. Its successful management hinges on understanding its complex etiology, including host susceptibility and pathogen virulence. Microsporum canis, a zoophilic fungus, is a primary causative agent, yet its transmission pathways and diagnostic markers are not fully elucidated. Case presentation: A 3-year-old female presented with a two-week history of progressive, pruritic alopecia. Clinical history was notable for the absence of animal contact but revealed significant environmental exposure at a hair salon. Dermatological examination showed multiple, well-demarcated, alopecic patches with fine scaling, characteristic of gray patch tinea capitis. While Wood's lamp examination was negative, trichoscopy revealed comma hairs and Morse code-like hairs, suggesting fungal infection. Microscopic examination of hair shafts confirmed an ectothrix invasion pattern, and fungal culture definitively identified Microsporum canis. The patient achieved complete resolution following a six-week course of oral griseofulvin and adjuvant topical ketoconazole. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that indirect fomite transmission from environmental reservoirs like hair salons is a critical risk factor for zoophilic tinea capitis, independent of animal contact. It further establishes trichoscopy as an essential tool for accurate, rapid diagnosis when classic signs, such as Wood's lamp fluorescence, are absent, thereby optimizing patient management and public health outcomes.

The Emerging Role of Integrins in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Their Diagnostic and Prognostic Utility for Early Risk Stratification Mazaya Indah Brillian Amadea; Drajad Priyono
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1430

Background: Current biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease (DKD), notably albuminuria and eGFR, are markers of established renal damage, limiting opportunities for early intervention. Integrins, cell-matrix adhesion receptors integral to podocyte health, are emerging as potential upstream indicators of the initial injury that drives DKD. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide the first quantitative synthesis of the evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic utility of integrins in DKD. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science for studies published up to July 2025. We included studies that evaluated integrins in urine, serum, or tissue for the diagnosis of early DKD (microalbuminuria) or for predicting disease progression. Data were pooled using bivariate random-effects models for diagnosis and generic inverse variance models for prognosis. Results: Eight studies involving 2,874 patients met the inclusion criteria. For diagnosing early DKD, five studies (n=1,880) yielded a pooled sensitivity of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.82-0.92) and specificity of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79-0.90). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88-0.94), indicating excellent accuracy. A subgroup analysis of non-invasive samples (urine/serum) demonstrated similarly high performance. For prognosis, three prospective studies (n=1,224) showed that elevated baseline integrins were associated with a significantly increased risk of disease progression (pooled Hazard Ratio: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.65-2.79) over a median 5-year follow-up. Conclusion: Based on the current, albeit limited, evidence, integrins show significant promise as highly sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection and potent predictors for the progression of DKD. While these preliminary findings require validation in larger cohort studies, the measurement of non-invasive integrins may represent a valuable future tool for improving early DKD risk stratification.

The Lethal Nexus: Sarcopenic Obesity and the Prospective Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Older Adults-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Cohort Studies Muhammad Ridho Azhari; Roza Mulyana
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1431

Background: The concurrent presence of excess adiposity and low muscle mass, termed sarcopenic obesity (SO), is an emerging geriatric syndrome hypothesized to confer a greater mortality risk than either condition alone. However, the precise magnitude of this risk remains poorly quantified. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence from longitudinal cohort studies to determine the association between SO in older adults and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for longitudinal cohort studies published between January 2015 and August 2025 that evaluated mortality risk in older adults (mean age ≥60 years) with SO. The primary outcomes were all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A random-effects model was used to pool Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. Results: From 2,450 records identified, eight cohort studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 45,280 community-dwelling older adults with a mean follow-up of 8.2 years. Compared to a reference group of non-sarcopenic, non-obese individuals, sarcopenic obesity was associated with a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (Pooled HR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.42–1.76, p < 0.0001). The risk for cardiovascular mortality, assessed in six studies, was even more pronounced (Pooled HR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.55–1.98, p < 0.0001). Moderate heterogeneity was observed for the all-cause mortality analysis (I2 = 55%), which was partially explained by differences in diagnostic criteria. Conclusion: Sarcopenic obesity is a potent predictor of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older adults, conferring a risk substantially greater than a healthy state. These findings underscore the critical need for routine screening and targeted interventions to address this lethal combination of poor body composition in aging populations.

Diagnostic Laparoscopy Versus Routine Exploratory Laparotomy in Hemodynamically Stable Abdominal Trauma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Non-Therapeutic Intervention Rates and Clinical Outcomes Tito Pradipta; Amriansyah Pranowo
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1432

Background: Exploratory laparotomy (EL) has traditionally been the standard for evaluating significant abdominal trauma, but it carries a high rate of non-therapeutic procedures and associated morbidity. Diagnostic laparoscopy (DL) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative, though its precise benefits remain to be quantified by a comprehensive meta-analysis of recent evidence. This study aims to compare the rates of non-therapeutic laparotomy and key clinical outcomes between DL and EL in the management of hemodynamically stable patients with abdominal trauma. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted for studies published between January 2015 and February 2025. We included comparative studies (randomized controlled trials and observational studies) evaluating DL versus EL in adult, hemodynamically stable patients with blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma. The primary outcome was the rate of non-therapeutic laparotomy. Secondary outcomes included overall postoperative morbidity, surgical site infection (SSI) rates, length of hospital stay (LOS), and mortality. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis to calculate pooled Odds Ratios (OR) and Mean Differences (MD) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Results: Eight studies involving 1,550 patients (775 in the DL group, 775 in the EL group) were included. The DL group had a significantly lower rate of non-therapeutic laparotomy compared to the EL group (11.5% vs. 38.8%; pooled OR 0.18, 95% CI [0.10, 0.31], p<0.00001; I2=45%). Furthermore, DL was associated with a significant reduction in overall morbidity (OR 0.45, 95% CI [0.34, 0.60], p<0.00001; I2=22%) and SSI rates (OR 0.38, 95% CI [0.24, 0.61], p<0.0001; I2=0%). The mean LOS was shorter in the DL group by 3.15 days (MD -3.15, 95% CI [-3.88, -2.42], p<0.00001; I2=78%). There was no significant difference in mortality rates between the two groups (OR 0.85, 95% CI [0.45, 1.62], p=0.62; I2=0%). Conclusion: In hemodynamically stable patients with abdominal trauma, a selective strategy involving diagnostic laparoscopy drastically reduces the likelihood of non-therapeutic surgical intervention. This approach is also associated with significantly lower postoperative morbidity, fewer surgical site infections, and a shorter hospital stay without compromising patient survival. These findings strongly support the integration of diagnostic laparoscopy as a primary diagnostic and therapeutic tool in modern trauma management algorithms.

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Rachmat Hidayat

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Kab. ogan ilir,

Sumatera selatan

INDONESIA