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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : 2303016X     EISSN : 25491156     DOI : https://doi.org/10.23960/jtaf.v14i01
We invite authors to submit manuscripts of up to 10 pages, prepared in accordance with the author guidelines. The scope of this journal includes, but is not limited to, the following fields: 1. Theoretical Physics Classical Mechanics Electromagnetics Thermodynamics Statistical Mechanics Quantum Mechanics Theory of Relativity Quantum Gravity Astrophysics Cosmology 2. Earth Physics (Geophysics) Geothermal Geoelectrics Seismics Geomagnetics 3. Materials Physics Nanomaterials Metals and Corrosion Magnetic Materials Thin Films Photocatalysts/Catalysts Semiconductors Superconductors Ceramics Polymers 4. Electronics and Instrumentation Sensors Biomedical Instrumentation Agricultural Instrumentation Environmental Instrumentation Biophysics Computational Physics Lasers 5. Nuclear Physics Reactor Safety Neutronic Analysis Fuel and Waste Management
Articles 409 Documents
Sistem Kontrol Otomatis Toren Air Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) pada Wisma ITERA Sabar Sabar; Joni Joni; Kisna Pertiwi; Rhahmi Adni Pesma; Yusuf Affandi; Achmad Chalid Afif A; Sitronella Nurfitriani hasim; Novalia Pertiwi
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 14 No. 01 (2026): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v14i01.547

Abstract

This research aims to automatically control electric pumps and monitor the condition of the on/off position of electric pump equipment on the ITERA campus using a smartphone or website. This research also to implement an Automatic Water Tower Control System as part of efforts towards a Smart Green Campus at the Sumatra Institute of Technology (ITERA). This system is designed using the Internet of Things (IoT) concept to automatically control water pumps in the parking area and Wisma ITERA. The testing stages include laboratory scale, limited space scale, and field implementation to ensure the accuracy of system input, process and output parameters. It is hoped that the implementation of this system can help save electrical energy in the campus environment and solve problems related to water management at Wisma ITERA. These steps are part of ITERA's commitment to become an environmentally friendly science and technology center and prepare human resources who are ready to compete nationally and internationally.     Keywords: Automatic Control System, Water Tower
Peningkatan Stabilitas Citra Laser Speckle Imaging Portabel Non-Destruktif melalui Reduksi Noise Berbasis Silicon Rubber Hendra Pratama; Neneng Fitrya; Shabri Putra Wirman; Santika Anggraini Bakri
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 14 No. 01 (2026): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v14i01.555

Abstract

Laser Speckle Imaging (LSI) merupakan teknik pencitraan non-destruktif yang mampu menangkap variasi mikrostruktur permukaan melalui pola spekel yang terbentuk akibat hamburan cahaya koheren. Metode ini banyak diaplikasikan dalam bidang medis, material, hingga pangan karena karakteristiknya yang cepat, portabel, dan tidak merusak sampel. Tantangan utama pada penerapan LSI terletak pada kestabilan pola spekel yang sangat sensitif terhadap noise, baik yang berasal dari getaran mekanik maupun fluktuasi lingkungan. Kestabilan pola berperan penting dalam menjaga akurasi interpretasi data, sehingga diperlukan strategi peredaman yang efektif. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada evaluasi ketebalan silicon rubber sebagai lapisan peredam untuk meningkatkan stabilitas citra spekel. Variasi ketebalan yang diuji mencakup 0 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, dan 3 mm. Parameter utama berupa kontras spekel, intensitas rata-rata, dan standar deviasi dihitung, kemudian hasilnya dianalisis menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA) untuk menentukan ketebalan optimal. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ketebalan 2 mm menghasilkan stabilitas citra terbaik pada kondisi tanpa gangguan maupun dengan gangguan. Pola spekel pada ketebalan ini menampilkan distribusi kontras yang konsisten serta klaster PCA yang rapat, menandakan noise dapat ditekan secara efektif tanpa kehilangan detail mikrostruktur. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan citra spekel menggunakan MATLAB dan ImageJ, nilai error pada setiap ketebalan peredam silicon rubber diperoleh sebesar 0,099–0,011% untuk 0 mm, 0,158–0,005% untuk 1 mm, 0,013–0,004% untuk 2 mm, dan 0,004–0,003% untuk 3 mm, yang menunjukkan konsistensi hasil dengan selisih error di bawah 0,2%. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa silicon rubber 2 mm mampu meningkatkan rasio sinyal terhadap noise sekaligus menjaga kualitas citra spekel, sehingga berpotensi memperkuat keandalan LSI sebagai metode pencitraan non-destruktif yang cepat, portabel, dan aplikatif pada berbagai bidang aplikasi. Kata kunci: Laser Speckle Imaging, Principal Component Analysis, Noise, Silicon rubber
Evaluasi Kinerja Elektrokimia Katoda LiFePO4 dengan Variasi Aditif Graphene Oxide, Reduced Graphene Oxide dan Koloid Nanopartikel Perak (AgNP) Agun Pranata; Delovita ginting; Romi Fadli Syahputra
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 14 No. 01 (2026): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v14i01.558

Abstract

The low electronic conductivity of Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) cathodes presents a major challenge for their application in lithium-ion batteries. This research aims to enhance the electrochemical performance of LFP by comparing the effects of three different conductive additives: Graphene Oxide (GO), reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO), and a Silver Nanoparticles (AgNP) composite. GO was synthesized from graphite powder via a modified Hummers’ method, followed by the fabrication of three cathode variations. Material characterization was performed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), UV-Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-DRS), and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). XRD analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of GO, evidenced by the shift of the main diffraction peak from 26.24° in graphite to 9.80° in GO. Band gap (Eg) analysis from UV-DRS data showed that the addition of rGO and the AgNP effectively reduced the Eg value to 2.91 Ev and 2.73 Ev, respectively, from the initial value of 3.10 Ev for the LFP+GO sample. Electrochemical tests indicated that the LFP+rGO cathode exhibited the most significant current response, achieving the highest specific capacitance of 5.0 F/g at a scan rate of 5 Mv/s. These results confirm that rGO is the most effective additive among the three variations for enhancing the electrochemical properties of LiFePO4 cathodes. Keywords: LiFePO₄, Graphene Oxide, Reduced Graphene Oxide, Silver Nanoparticles, Specific Capacitance.  
Analisis Distribusi Tekanan dan Kecepatan dalam Pipa Elbow Menggunakan Computational Fluid Dynamics Syukur Rahmat Gulo; Triati Dewi Kencana Wungu
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 14 No. 01 (2026): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v14i01.575

Abstract

Belokan pipa (elbow) sering menjadi titik krusial dalam sistem perpipaan karena dapat menyebabkan penurunan tekanan dan ketidakteraturan aliran fluida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis distribusi tekanan dan kecepatan fluida yang dipengaruhi oleh kombinasi variasi sudut belokan 90°, 60°, dan 45° dan kecepatan inlet 1 m/s, 3 m/s, dan 5 m/s. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), dengan pembuatan geometri di FreeCAD dan pemodelan numerik di ANSYS Fluent menggunakan model turbulensi realizable k–ε. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa distribusi tekanan tertinggi terjadi di sisi luar belokan, sedangkan sisi dalam mengalami tekanan paling rendah. Penurunan tekanan terbesar sebesar 15552,25 Pa terjadi pada elbow 90° dengan kecepatan inlet 5 m/s. Selain itu, distribusi kecepatan menujukkan aliran sekunder yang semakin kuat pada sudut belokan yang lebih besar dan kecepatan aliran yang lebih tinggi, yang menyebabkan ketidakseragaman aliran. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa sudut belokan dan kecepatan inlet sangat memengaruhi distribusi aliran dan kerugian tekanan, sehingga keduanya perlu dipertimbangkan secara simultan dalam desain sistem perpipaan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kestabilan aliran. Kata kunci: Geometri elbow, distribusi tekanan, distribusi kecepatan, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
Pengaruh Suhu Sintering Terhadap Morfologi Dan Bandgap Nanokomposit Fe3o4/Sio2/Tio2 Dengan Metode Kopresipitasi Ridwan Yusuf Lubis; Ahya Zaelani; Miftahul Husnah; Ali Affan Silalahi
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 14 No. 01 (2026): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v14i01.577

Abstract

Fe₃O₄, TiO₂, and SiO₂ nanocomposite materials have been extensively investigated for their potential in various physical and environmental applications, particularly in the photocatalytic degradation of textile wastewater containing toxic organic dyes such as Methylene Blue. This study aims to determine the effect of sintering temperature on the morphology and bandgap energy of Fe₃O₄/TiO₂/SiO₂ nanocomposites synthesized using the coprecipitation method. The synthesized samples were subjected to sintering at temperatures of 500 °C, 550 °C, and 600 °C. Characterization was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to observe morphological changes and Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry to determine the bandgap energy. The SEM results revealed that higher sintering temperatures led to increased agglomeration and grain size, with the dominant particle size ranging between 0.22 µm and 0.24 µm. Furthermore, an increase in grain size correlated with a slight rise in bandgap energy from 2.35 eV to 2.37 eV, attributed to the widening separation between the valence and conduction bands. Among all samples, the FST500 nanocomposite (sintered at 500 °C) exhibited the most optimal properties, characterized by smaller agglomeration, finer grain size, and lower bandgap energy. These findings demonstrate that sintering temperature plays a crucial role in controlling the structural and optical properties of Fe₃O₄/TiO₂/SiO₂ nanocomposites for potential photocatalytic applications in wastewater treatment. Keywords: Fe3O4/TiO2/SiO2, Coprecipitation, Sintering Temperature, Morphology, Bandgap Energy  
Studi Pengaruh Ukuran Pebble bed Terhadap Termal Hidrolik Pada Thorium Molten Salt Reactor Solid Fuel (TMSR-SF) Menggunakan COMSOL Multiphysics I Gusti Ayu Putu Dwi Ekasari; Yanti Yulianti; Duwi Hariyanto; Gurum Ahmad Pauzi
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 14 No. 02 (2026): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v14i02.484

Abstract

Abstract. The development of nuclear energy, particularly in the Thorium Molten Salt Reactor Solid Fuel (TMSR-SF) requires a deep understanding of thermal-hydraulic characteristics, including temperature, flow velocity, and pressure within the reactor core. This research aims to analyze the influence of pebble bed diameter on temperature and pressure, as well as to examine the impact of initial fluid flow conditions on fluid velocity within the TMSR-SF reactor core. Simulations were conducted by the Heat Transfer in Fluids and Laminar Flow modules in the COMSOL Multiphysics application. The simulation results show that the highest temperature difference percentage between the 6 cm and 9 cm pebble beds is 0.7%, while between the 6 cm and 12 cm pebble beds, it is 1.7%. Percentage the highest pressure drop over time was observed in the 6 cm pebble bed at 1.6%, followed by the 9 cm pebble bed at 1.4%, and the 12 cm pebble bed at 1.5%. Additionally, the percentage difference off the initial fluid flow rate decreasing was recorded at 0.09% between the 6 cm and 9 cm pebble beds and 0.26% between the 9 cm and 12 cm pebble beds. The 6 cm pebble bed diameter provides more optimal thermal-hydraulic performance, particularly in terms of temperature stability and fluid flow consistency, which are crucial for the efficiency and safety of TMSR-SF reactor operation Keywords: COMSOL Multiphysics, TMSR-SF, thermal hydraulics, pebble bed, diameter variations
Perbaikan Beton Plastik PET dengan Metode Soybean Crude Urease-Calcite Precipitation (SCU-CP) Tiara Aresti; Mega Nurhanisa; Azrul Azwar
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 14 No. 02 (2026): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v14i02.528

Abstract

Pembuatan beton ringan dengan substitusi plastik polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sebanyak 5% sebagai bahan pengganti agregat halus dan larutan kalsit berbahan dasar kedelai menggunakan metode Soybean Crude Urease - Calcite Precipitation (SCU-CP) dengan variasi larutan kalsit 0%, 5%, dan 10%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hasil pembuatan beton ringan berbasis limbah plastik PET dan larutan kalsit menggunakan metode SCU-CP. Sampel beton dibuat menjadi dua bentuk yaitu beton kubus untuk uji kuat tekan dan beton balok untuk uji konduktivitas termal. Hasil menunjukkan, substitusi plastik PET 5% mengurangi densitas 12,8% dan kuat tekan 43,3% dari beton normal, tetapi meningkatkan sifat isolasi termal beton dengan penurunan konduktivitas termal 53%. Sedangkan substitusi larutan kalsit menyebabkan peningkatan densitas, kuat tekan, dan konduktivitas termal dibanding beton PET tanpa larutan kalsit. Substitusi larutan kalsit 5% dan 10% berturut-turut meningkatkan densitas 10,5% dan 12,8%; kuat tekan 9,4% dan 13,6%; serta konduktivitas termal 200% dan 375%. Larutan kalsit memperbaiki densitas dan kuat tekan beton PET, namun nilai kuat tekan yang diperoleh belum memenuhi standar sebagai beton ringan struktural. Nilai konduktivitas termal yang diperoleh tergolong rendah dan termasuk ke dalam jenis beton ringan. Dengan demikian, beton ini berpotensi digunakan sebagai material non-struktural, seperti pelapis dinding untuk mengurangi transfer panas.   Kata kunci: beton ringan, plastik PET, metode SCU-CP, kuat tekan beton, konduktivitas termal beton.
Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Nanokomposit CoFe₂O₄/Cdots terhadap Karakteristik Gugus Fungsi, Sifat Optik, dan Morfologi yang Disintesis melalui Pendekatan Green Synthesis Angelika Ramona Putri Hasibuan; Edi Suharyadi; Suprihatin; Posman Manurung
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 14 No. 02 (2026): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v14i02.536

Abstract

CoFe2O4/Cdots nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized by combining CoFe2O4 synthesized from Moringa oleifera (MO) extract and Cdots synthesized from watermelon rind. CoFe2O4/Cdots nanocomposites were synthesized using a green synthesis method. This study began with the synthesis of MO, CoFe2O4, Cdots, then CoFe2O4/Cdots. Thus, CoFe2O4/Cdots-10, CoFe2O4/Cdots-20, and CoFe2O4/Cdots-30 were obtained, each based on variations in the concentration of Cdots to CoFe2O4, that is 10, 20, and 30 ml. After the synthesis process, characterization was carried out using FTIR, UV-Vis and TEM. The results of FTIR testing on nanocomposites showed the presence of typical functional groups of Cdots and typical functional groups of CoFe2O4. The combination of both produces a wave number shift caused by the emergence of new bonds between Cdots and CoFe2O4. The results of UV-Vis testing show that the addition of Cdots does not significantly affect the absorbance, but there is a shift in the absorbance peak to the left along with the addition of Cdots variations. This causes the band gap energy value to increase. The results of TEM testing show that the morphology of both samples is semi-spherical and tends to agglomerate along with the addition of Cdots. However, the addition of Cdots concentration results in a smaller particle diameter and is relatively more uniform. This results in a larger surface area and is effective for use in various applications. The results of Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) show that the diffraction ring with the presence of a lattice is still in the CoFe2O4 phase.     Kata kunci: CoFe₂O₄/Cdots nanocomposite, green synthesis, FTIR, UV–Vis, TEM, optical properties, morphology.  
Pengaruh Radiasi Medan Elektromagnetik ELF (500 μT) Terhadap Eritrosit Dan Leukosit Pada Mencit Balb/C: Pengaruh Radiasi Medan Elektromagnetik ELF (500 μT) Terhadap Eritrosit Dan Leukosit Pada Mencit Balb/C Saidah Intan Kurnia; Sudarti; Nila Mutia Dewi
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 14 No. 02 (2026): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v14i02.539

Abstract

Kemajuan teknologi saat ini menimbulkan dampak paparan elektromagnetik yang menjadi bagian tak terpisahkan dari keseharian, salah satunya berasal dari berbagai sumber yang ada disekitar kita yang dapat menyebabkan efek biologis yang merugikan bagi manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji perbedaan proliferasi eritrosit dan leukosit berdasarkan intensitas dan lama paparan medan elektromagnetik ELF. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu  true experimental dengan desain penelitian pretest-posttes control grup desain. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 28 ekor mencit Balb/C terdiri dari kelompok pre-test dan post-test. Perlakuan diberikan secara intermiten 15 menit dan 30 menit 2kali sehari selama 5 hari. Analisis statistik menggunakan one Way Anova dan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian pada proliferasi eritrosit didapatkan nilai signifikansi 0,540 dan >0,05 artinya  tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan proliferasi eritrosit mencit Balb/C. Sedangkan pada leukosit didapatkan hasil nilai signifikansi 0,013 dan <0,05 artinya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan proliferasi leukosit mencit Balb/C. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan mengenai pengaruh proliferasi eritrosit dan leukosit dengan intensitas lebih besar dan waktu pemaparan yang lebih lama.     Kata kunci: ELF, Radiasi, Eritrosit, Leukosit, Mencit.
Enhancement Enhancement of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Performance using Blocking Layer TiO2 by Sputtering Method Alfiatul Ma'arifah; Ikfa Rika Elma Suherlianti; Herlin Pujiarti
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol. 14 No. 02 (2026): Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtaf.v14i02.564

Abstract

Abstract. In this study, the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) was improved through the use of a multilayer blocking layer (BL) of TiO2. Multilayer BL TiO₂ has been successfully deposited using the sputtering and spin coating methods. Based on the XRD results, the crystal size increased from 17.24 to 25.86 nm for multilayer BL TiO2. Based on the SEM results, the morphology of all samples is quite uniform and suitable for the blocking layer, and the porosity of BL TiO₂ is smaller than that of multilayer BL TiO₂. Based on the UV-Vis absorbance results, the layer shifted from a wavelength of 248 to 257 nm, indicating a blue shift. The estimated energy gap decreased from 3.58 to 3.55 eV. Multilayer BL TiO2 shows a high efficiency of 4.49% compared to BL TiO2 with an efficiency of 2.50%. Additionally, based on the EIS results, the Rct decreased from 66.41 to 12.53 Ω. Keywords: DSSC, multilayer blocking layer, spin coating, sputtering, TiO2.

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