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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML)
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Klinik Indonesia
ISSN : 08544263     EISSN : 24774685     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.24293
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) is a journal published by “Association of Clinical Pathologist” professional association. This journal displays articles in the Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory scope. Clinical Pathology has a couple of subdivisions, namely: Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology and Serology, Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Hepatology, Cardiovascular, Endocrinology, Blood Transfusion, Nephrology, and Molecular Biology. Scientific articles of these topics, mainly emphasize on the laboratory examinations, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis in a disease.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,328 Documents
 101   102   103   104   105 
The Effect of Extract Bitter Melon and Snakehead Fish on Advanced Glycation End Products Sari Amalia; MI. Diah Pramudianti; Yuwono Hadisuparto
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i3.1696

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus type-2 is a transformation of insulin function in peripheral tissues or disorders of pancreatic β cells. The combination of glycation and glucose oxidation in type 2 DM patients results in the formation of AGEs which can result in oxidative stress. One of the efforts to reduce oxidative stress is the use of natural ingredients as a source of antioxidants. For example, bitter melon (Momordica Charantia) and snakehead fish (Channa Striata) extracts. The combination of bitter melon and snakehead fish extracts against AGEs levels is still limited and has only been tested on Wistar rats and mice. This study aims to determine how much effect the combination of bitter melon and snakehead fish extracts has on AGEs levels in type-2 DM patients. This study was clinical experimental randomized double blind control trial. The experiment conducted at Purwosari Public Health Center, Surakarta and the examination of AGEs levels was in the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Dr Moewardi Surakarta from July to August 2020. Comparative analysis if the results were normally distributed, in pairs, numerical data and consists of 2 groups then use the paired sample t-test. The results were significant if p
Correlation between Adiponectin and Triglyceride Levels in Pregnancy with and without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus I Nyoman Gde Sudana; Windarwati Windarwati; Budi Mulyono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i3.1697

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Adiponectin causes a decrease in glucose transporter 4 translocation, which reduces glucose uptake due to downstream insulin signal delivery and decreases non-esterified fatty acids so that triglyceride synthesis decreases in pregnancy. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between adiponectin and triglyceride levels in pregnancy, especially in a pregnant female with and without gestational diabetes mellitus. This observational cross-sectional study was conducted by measuring the levels of adiponectin and triglycerides in pregnancy, with and without gestational diabetes mellitus. Researchers proved by analyzing 75 subjects, 24-28 weeks pregnant females who were examined at the primary health center and Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. Adiponectin levels have a moderate negative correlation with triglycerides in pregnant females (r= -0.420 and p=0.002), a strong negative correlation with GDM (r = -0.680 and p=0.001), and moderate negative correlation (r= -0.455, and p=0.022) with those without GDM. Based on this research can be concluded that adiponectin has a moderate negative correlation with triglycerides in pregnancy, a strong negative correlation in pregnant females with gestational diabetes mellitus, and a moderate negative correlation in those without gestational diabetes.
Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Procalcitonin as Predictors of the Severity of Acute Pancreatitis Dessy Iriana; Ani Kartini; Yuyun Widaningsih; Agus Alim Abdullah
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i1.1699

Abstract

The Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and procalcitonin are used to indicate systemic inflammation in various medical disorders. Both parameters were determined in this study to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis. This study was a cross-sectional study using a retrospective approach to patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis by using medical record data from patients at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusoso Hospital, Makassar, from January 2014 to May 2019. This study comprised 35 patients hospitalized with acute pancreatitis, with a similar proportion of males and females. This study discovered that the mean age in this study was 44.17±12.9 years. The most prevalent cause was Gallstones (77.1%), the most severe degree was mild (54.2%), and the highest outcome was survival (77.1%). The NLR (9.93±11.19, p=0.011) increased in proportion to severity. However, additional analysis based on classification of disease severity revealed that only mild-severe NLR was significant (p=0.005). Procalcitonin (8.13±11.25, p=0.001) increased along with the increased disease severity, and the subsequent analysis showed that the distribution of severity was similar. The NLR can predict the severity of acute pancreatitis but is less effective than procalcitonin. This study required a more proportional subject population and consideration of other factors.
Correlation between Serum hs-CRP and Magnesium Ion with Osteocalcin in Acute Leukemia Patients Nuniek Luthy Naftali; MI. Diah Pramudianti; Yuwono Hadisuparto
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i3.1700

Abstract

Acute leukemia is a proliferation of immature cells in the bone marrow that affects peripheral blood or other organs. Inflammation has a vital role in cancer pathophysiology. Inflammation in leukemia occurs through two mechanisms: intrinsic and extrinsic. Magnesium deficiency leads to inflammation in acute leukemia patients. Manifestation of inflammation in acute leukemia are abnormalities in musculoskeletal systems such as osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, and pathological fractures. Increased inflammation in the bone remodeling process increases osteoclast (OC) regulation and decreases osteoblast (OB) activity resulting in reduced osteocalcin (OCN) production. Osteocalcin, also known as gamma-carboxy glutamic acid-containing protein or bone Gla-protein, is a small, non-collagen protein associated with the bone matrix. Osteocalcin is known as bone formation. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between hs-CRP, ion Mg and serum OCN levels in acute leukemia. A cross-sectional observational analytic study in acute leukemia subjects was conducted at Clinical Pathology Installation of Dr. Moewardi Hospital. Surakarta from August to September 2020. Normality test of Shapiro-Wilk was used to determine data distribution, Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the correlation strength between variables. From a total of 35 subjects, there was a significant negative correlation between hs-CRP and serum OCN in acute leukemia (r= -0.46; p=0.06), but no correlation was found between Mg ion and serum OCN in acute leukemia patients (r=0.09; p=0.957). The mean of hs-CRP, Mg ion, and OCN was 2.95±4.95 mg/dL, 0.49±0.05 mmol/L, and 16.32±19.46 ng/mL, respectively. Advanced research with chronic leukemia population and other variants as needed.
The Association of CD4, CD8, and CD4/CD8 Ratio with Thyroid Dysfunction in HIV/AIDS Sri Mulyani; MI. Diah Pramudianti; Dian Ariningrum
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i3.1701

Abstract

Incidence of thyroid dysfunction increases in HIV/AIDS patients. It can be a hypothyroid or hyperthyroid, with subclinical hypothyroid predomination. Thyroid dysfunction is associated with the progression of HIV and low CD4 counts. There has been controversy over how HIV affects thyroid function. Opportunistic infections and HBV/HCV co-infections might increase the probability of thyroid dysfunction. Medication of HIV is also an important factor of thyroid dysfunction. Research shows that the use of ART increases the probability of thyroid dysfunction. This study aimed to analyze the association between CD4 counts, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio, and HIV RNA viral load with thyroid dysfunction in HIV/AIDS patients. An observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from August to September 2020 in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta on 60 HIV/AIDS patients. All subjects were 18-60 years old. The research data were analyzed with a 2x2 test table to determine the Prevalence Ratio (PR) of each variable, then multivariate analysis with logistic regression was continued. The study showed 6.7% thyroid dysfunction in HIV/AIDS patients, 5% subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 1.7% subclinical hypothyroidism. The CD4 counts [PR 13.36 (95% CI: 1.53-116,65; p=0.017) and CD8 counts [PR 0.91 (95% CI: 3 0.02-0.51; p=0.032)] significantly associated with thyroid dysfunction in HIV/AIDS patients. CD4 counts < 200 cells/mm and 3 CD8 counts ≥500 cells/mm were associated with the incidence of thyroid dysfunction in HIV/AIDS patients, while CD4/CD8 ratio and HIV RNA viral load were not associated. CD4 count was not an independent predictor of thyroid dysfunction in HIV/AIDS patients.
Comparison between Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Derived Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio as the Risk Factor of COVID-19 Dwi Aryani; Dea Noviana Pramatik
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i3.1706

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Respiratory disorders were the most common sign and symptom of COVID-19. Inflammation on SARS-CoV-2 infection is presumed to play a role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is one of many biomarkers that has been widely used to assess the risk factors of COVID-19. The derived Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (d-NLR) is a simple, inexpensive, and widely available inflammation biomarker. However, its usage for COVID-19 remains to be further studied. This study aimed to determine the NLR and d-NLR ratio as a risk factor of COVID-19. This study was a retrospective study with a study population of 84 subjects, consisting of 33 patients with positive COVID-19 and 51 patients with negative COVID-19. The result showed that the odds ratio of NLR to COVID-19 was 2.665 with the p-value of 0.047 and confidence interval of 95% 0.998-7.038 at cut-off ≥ 3.1. The odd ratio of d-NLR to COVID-19 was 2.808 with the p-value of 0.026 and confidence interval of 95% 1.129-7.038 at cut-off ≥ 2.0. In conclusion, despite a higher odd ratio of d-NLR compared to NLR, both NLR and d-NLR can be used as a biomarker for the risk factor of COVID-19.
Assessment of Systemic Immune Inflammation Index to Predict SARS-CoV-2 Infection Dea Noviana Pramantik; Dwi Aryani
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i3.1707

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has become a major health problem worldwide. Inflammation plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII) is an index obtained from calculating the platelets counts, neutrophils, and lymphocytes, which can indicate the inflammation status and immunity. This study aimed to determine the potential of SII as a predictor of SARS-CoV-2 infection in suspected COVID-19 subjects. A retrospective study was carried out by obtaining medical record data in June 2020 at Sleman General Hospital. An unpaired T-test or the Mann-Whitney test was used to determine the statistical difference. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was generated and used to get the cut-off values. Bivariate analysis was performed using Chi-Square. There were 84 subjects consisting of 46 (54.8%) males and 38 (45.2%) females with a mean age of 42.4±16.356 years. There was a significant difference in the neutrophils count (p=0.045), monocytes (p=0.001), and eosinophils (p=0.037) between subjects with positive and negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR. The median SII in the positive and negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR group was 780.12 (301.21-2178.90)x103/µL and 584.14 (117.79-1933.87)x103/µL (p=0.045), respectively. Bivariate analysis showed significant results at SII > 705 x103/µL in suspected COVID-19 patients to obtain a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result with Odds Ratio (OR) of 4.00 (95% CI 1.580-10.127), p=0.003. Patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection with high SII levels had a greater risk of a positive SARS-CoV-2 in PCR test
Pediatric Sepsis by Multi-Drugs Resistance Organism: Length of Stay, Prognosis, and Hospitalization Cost Evaluation Anindita Novia Damayanti; IGAA Putri Sri Rejeki; Ferdy Royland Marpaung
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i2.1711

Abstract

Multi-Drugs Resistance (MDR) is a condition where bacteria are resistant to at least one type of antibiotic from three classes of antibiotics. One of the organisms included in the MDR is an Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria. Multi-drug resistance bacteria have been widely reported globally as a cause of severe infections. Still, information on the comparison of Length of Stay (LOS), hospitalization costs, and outcome status of the patients infected with MDR bacteria and infected with non-MDR bacteria is still limited. This study aimed to compare LOS, treatment costs, and outcome status of the BPJS pediatric sepsis patients infected with MDR bacteria and non-MDR bacteria in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya. This study was observational research using medical records of hospitalized pediatric patients with BPJS insurance at the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital from January 2015-July 2018 (n=49). The variables of this study were microbiology culture results and antibiotics sensitivity tests, LOS, INA-CBGs rates provided by BPJS, actual hospitalization cost, and outcome status. Statistical analyses were performed to compare LOS, INA-CBGs, actual cost, and outcome status of patients infected by MDR bacteria (ESBL and non-ESBL) or non-MDR bacteria. The results of this study include the average LOS value of non-MDR, MDR ESBL, and MDR non-ESBL cases, which were 30.55; 46.18; 32.41. Comparison of INA-CBGs and the actual cost of the three were 0.886 and 0.990, respectively, with p>0.05, and each percentage of the mortality patients was 27.3%, 45.5%, and 40.7%. There was no significant difference in the hospitalization cost and outcome status of patients infected by MDR bacteria (ESBL and non-ESBL) and non-MDR bacteria. Each percentage of LOS was also not much different. Still, MDR patients tended to be treated longer, require higher costs, and have a worseprognosis.
Hairy Cell Leukemia (Morphologic and Immunophenotypic Profile) Anindita Novia Damayanti; Arifoel Hajat
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i3.1712

Abstract

Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) is a lymphoproliferative B cell abnormality dominated by mature lymphocytes with cytoplasmic projections and often misunderstood as Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL). Misdiagnosis can be caused by errors in the preparation of peripheral Blood Smear Evaluation (BSE). Immunophenotyping is an option to differentiate HCL from CLL. A 56-year-old female presented with complaints of weakness. Physical examination showed conjunctival anemia 3 3 and hepatosplenomegaly. Hematological test results were as follows: Hb 7.4 g/dL; WBC 131.24x10 /uL; and Plt 61x10 /uL. BSE And Bone Marrow Aspiration (BMA) showed predominantly mature lymphocytes with cytoplasmic projections and suspected CLL with HCL as the differential diagnosis. Immunophenotyping with peripheral blood samples showed CD19+, CD20+, CD79a+, HLA-DR+, CD5-, and CD7- suggesting an increasing mature lymphocytes population (74.16%) that expressed B lymphoid lineage. White Precursor Cell (WPC) channel test showed an abnormal lymphocytes population. The differential diagnosis of patients with dominant mature lymphocytes BSE with cytoplasmic projections was CLL and HCL. Immunophenotyping of CLL showed positive results on B cell markers (CD19, CD20, CD79a, and HLA-DR) with aberrant CD5. However, in such an HCL case like this, there were strongly positive results on B cell markers but the absence of aberrant CD5. This study was supported by the presence of abnormal lymphocytes population in the WPC test. The diagnosis of HCL in this patient was based on interpretation of BSE and immunophenotyping, supported by the WPC test.
Correlation between APRI, FIB-4 and GPR Indices to Fibroscan and HBeAg Status in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Rina Erlina; Puspa Wardhani; Yessy Puspitasari; Ulfa Kholili
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i3.1718

Abstract

Liver fibrosis is a complication of chronic hepatitis B. Early detection of liver fibrosis is important for therapy. The aspartate aminotransferase index (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and the fibrosis index based on 4 factors (FIB-4) in chronic hepatitis B have been widely studied despite the inconsistent results. Research on other serum markers is extensively carried out, including Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT)-to-platelet ratio (GPR). Previous studies have shown that the GPR index was more accurate than APRI and FIB-4. HBeAg status is an indication for therapy. There have not been many studies on the correlation of serum markers with HBeAg status. This study aimed to determine the correlation of APRI, FIB-4, and GPR with Fibroscan and HBeAg status in chronic hepatitis B patients. A cross-sectional study was carried out from June to September 2020 and found 50 chronic hepatitis B patients. Platelet count was measured using a Sysmex XN-1000 hematology device; AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and GGT levels were measured using the Dimension RXL clinical chemistry device; and the degree of fibrosis was determined using transient elastography (Fibroscan). Spearman correlation test was used in this study for the correlation analysis. The results showed a significant correlation between APRI, FIB-4 and GPR indices with Fibroscan (r=0.454, p 0.001; r=0.610, p < 0.001; r=0.540, p < 0.001, respectively). A significant correlation was found between APRI, FIB-4 and GPR indices with negative (-) HBeAg (r=0.486, p 0.004; r=0.648, p < 0.001; r=0.595, p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, a significant correlation was found between FIB-4 and positive (+) HBeAg (r=0.499, p 0.049), but no correlation was found between APRI and GPR with positive (+) HBeAg (r=0.295, p 0,267; r=0.386, p 0.140, respectively).

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