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Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education
Published by Universitas Pelita Harapan
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26863707     DOI : 26863707
Core Subject : Religion, Education,
Religion Education
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education is a scientific journal of theology, Christian worldview, Christian education, philosophy of Christian education, and integration of faith and learning. It is published by the Department of Christian Religion Education at Universitas Pelita Harapan triannually in September, January and May.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January" : 7 Documents clear
Meresponi Pemikiran John Duns Scotus Tentang Predestinasi dari Perspektif Reformed Ginting, Yoshua; Br Sembiring, Lorena; Tarigan, Musa Sinar
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i1.10512

Abstract

This study examines John Duns Scotus' views on the doctrine of predestination and analyzes them from the perspective of Reformed theology as formulated by John Calvin. Predestination is theological doctrine that continues to be debated because it is closely related to God's sovereignty in understanding the salvation of the elect and the rejected. Scotus, as a medieval scholastic theologian, emphasized predestination as an act of God's free and sovereign will to choose some people for salvation, without making God the cause of destruction. According to Scotus, human destruction occurs as result of human sin itself, not as direct decree from God. Conversely, Calvin understood predestination as God's eternal decision that determines both the salvation of the elect and the destruction of the non-elect, based entirely on God's will and sovereignty. This study uses literature review method by analyzing the major works of Scotus and Calvin as well as relevant theological sources. The results of the study show that there are differences between Scotus and Calvin in their understanding of the relationship between salvation and destruction, even though both affirm God's sovereignty in human salvation.
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek pada Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi Kelas XI dalam Konteks Pendidikan Kristen [The Application of Project-Based Learning Strategies in Grade XI Economics Subjects in the Context of Christian Education] Novianti, Caroline Isabell; Esther Suwu, Selvi
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i1.10722

Abstract

The implementation of the Merdeka Belajar curriculum in Indonesia gives students the freedom to choose several major subjects that they are interested in and allows students to interact with new friends in certain subjects, including the economics subject. Although this is a good thing, teenage students often feel uncomfortable being in a new environment with new people to study with. Christian education aims to provide holistic growth to students, including in their ability to communicate and collaborate with others and to have a Christian worldview. As images of God, humans are created to have relationships with one another through interaction, communication, and collaboration in reflecting God's relational love in His Trinity, so that humans can achieve mutual prosperity through each individual's contribution to the community. In guiding students toward this truth, a project-based learning strategy is applied to improve students' collaborative skills in economics lessons. Project-based learning strategies are generally carried out in groups to achieve a specific goal so that this strategy is expected to be able to foster students' collaboration skills as preparation for them to enter college or the workforce.
Studi Biblika dan Reflektif : Mazmur 121 “Sebuah Perjalanan Hidup Mengikut Tuhan” Putra, Luke Eka
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i1.10837

Abstract

This paper examines Psalm 121:1–2 from both a biblical and reflective perspective by understanding life as a journey of faith, rather than a pursuit of specific achievements. Starting from the reality of human life—filled with challenges, struggles, and uncertainties—Psalm 121 is read within the context of the Songs of Ascents (Psalms 120–134) as a series of hope-filled songs of God’s people who are journeying toward Jerusalem. This study explores the historical and geographical background of Israel’s pilgrimage, which was fraught with risks and threats, thus shaping a theological metaphor of total dependence on God. A lexical analysis of the verb “to lift up one’s eyes” (נָשָׂא, nāśāʾ) compared with the verb “to see” (רָאָה, rāʾāh) in the narratives of Genesis and Samuel shows a shift in meaning: from a type of seeing that leads to sin to a seeing of faith directed toward God. Furthermore, an examination of the word “help” (עֵזֶר, ʿēzer) affirms that the help from the Lord in Psalm 121 is not merely temporary assistance, but rather God’s active and eternal accompaniment as Creator. The paper concludes with a theological reflection relevant to modern life, emphasizing that in a journey filled with spiritual crises, believers are called to direct their gaze and hope solely toward the Lord, the Maker of Heaven and Earth.
Pengajaran Disiplin Gereja berdasarkan pengakuan-pengakuan Reformed Nainggolan, Cathryne Berliana
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i1.10840

Abstract

Church discipline is a sensitive topic because it is directly related to the holiness of believers’ lives within the church. Various theological angles have emphasized the importance of a proper understanding and faithful practice of church discipline. However, a comprehensive exploration of church discipline based on the Reformed confessions has not yet been sufficiently developed. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the doctrine of church discipline as articulated in the Reformed confessions, with particular attention to the Belgic Confession, the Heidelberg Confession, and the Westminster Standards. This study employs a dialectical and analytical approach to examine the teaching of church discipline within the Reformed traditions. The exploration of these confessional documents demonstrates that church discipline is not merely a corrective measure but an essential ecclesial practice. It serves to preserve the holiness and purity of the church, uphold doctrinal faithfulness, and reflect the church’s identity as the body of Christ. Thus, church discipline is understood as a vital means through which the church faithfully lives out its calling before God and the world.
An Inquiry-Based Learning on Salt Hydrolysis and Buffer Solutions in the Context of Christian Education Saragih, Rachel Veronica Putri Pniel; Tantu, Year Rezeki Patricia; Bunda, Dince
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i1.10854

Abstract

Chemistry is often considered difficult and abstract, as well separate from the Christian faith. One Christian school in Jakarta that incorporates Christian values into its vision and mission, has not yet been able to provide learning that integrates Biblical Christian perspectives, particularly in Chemistry lessons. The diverse contexts is of 11th-grade students, including 13 boys and 11 girls. This study aims to examine inquiry-based learning on the topic of salt hydrolysis and buffer solutions within the context of Christian education. Inquiry-based learning is not only viewed as a means of knowledge construction but also to admire the greatness and order of God’s creation through the principle of equilibrium in the topics of hydrolysis and buffer solutions. This study began with observation, lesson planning, implementation of learning, analysis of learning outcomes, and final reflection. Data were taken from test scores, student worksheet results, project results, and reflections, then processed using simple statistics and explained qualitatively. The results of reflection showed that inquiry learning was able to provide a deeper understanding of the concepts of hydrolysis and buffer solutions, real and reflective applications of the knowledge learned, and student engagement through the inquiry process and group collaboration. This research is expected to provide a contribution to Christian educators in designing chemistry learning that is holistic and transformative.
Analisis Penerapan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Mendalam pada Sekolah Menengah Kristen Swasta Nalle, Maha Dewi Sabrina; Napitupulu, Bernard Wijaya
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i1.10857

Abstract

This article explores the implementation of deep learning approaches among teachers in a Christian private junior-senior high school. Using a quantitative survey with descriptive statistics, data were collected from 115 teachers through a Likert-scale questionnaire encompassing five indicators: (1) conceptual understanding of deep learning, (2) ability to plan instruction (LP/unit plan), (3) competence in designing assessments, (4) pedagogical competence in enacting deep learning in classroom practice, and (5) school support for teachers. The findings show that teachers generally report a positive level of competence on all indicators. They understand the basic framework of deep learning, design student-centred activities (inquiry, projects, problem-based learning), and begin to employ more meaningful, authentic assessments integrated with reflection. Teachers’ professional and collaborative attitudes emerge as a particular strength, reflected in their commitment to continuous improvement and willingness to share good practices. However, school support is perceived as adequate but not yet optimal, with persistent constraints in time, administrative workload, resources, and sustained guidance. These results indicate promising readiness for deep learning implementation, while highlighting the need for stronger institutional support and practical professional development.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Proses Sains Mahasiswa melalui Percobaan Identifikasi Keberadaan Senyawa dalam Praktikum Kimia Analitik Purba, Friska Juliana; Sihombing, Chatrina Yohana; Inabuy, Marchella
Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/dil.v8i1.10882

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to improve students' science process skills (SPS) by applying the experimental approach in a guided practical method in the Analytical Chemistry Practical course. The study uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method, which is carried out in two cycles, each of which includes the planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The study involved 23 students. Data collection techniques include tests and non-tests, such as pre- and post-tests, laboratory reports, and observation sheets based on science process skills. The data was analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods. The results of the study showed an increase in students' science process skills from cycle I to cycle II. The observation skill increased from an average score of 2.8 (70%) to 3.3 (82.5%) with a very good category. The measurement skill increased from an average score of 2.9 (72.5%) to 3.1 (77.5%) in the good category. The experimental skill was in the excellent category since the first cycle (82.5%) and remained stable in the second cycle. The communication skill increased from an average score of 2.8 (70%) to 3.1 (75.5%) in the good category. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the implementation of the laboratory method with a guided experimental approach supported by a laboratory manual is effective in improving students' science process skills, particularly in the areas of observation, measurement, and scientific communication in analytical chemistry education.

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