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Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang
ISSN : 2527614X     EISSN : 25415891     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/inteka
Core Subject : Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering
The Inovasi Teknik Kimia (INTEKA) journal focuses upon aspects of chemical engineering: chemical reaction engineering, environmental chemical engineering, material and food engineering . The INTEKA is an research journal and invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. The journal aims to provide a forum for the presentation of original fundamental research, interpretative reviews and discussion of new developments in chemical engineering. Papers which describe novel theory and its application to practice are welcome, as are those which illustrate the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. Reports of carefully executed experimental work, which is soundly interpreted are also welcome. The overall focus is on original and rigorous research results which have generic significance.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 316 Documents
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Pengaruh Current Density Terhadap Penurunan Logam Berat Pb, Cd dan Ni Pada Proses Elektrokoagulasi Fernando Romadhoni; Muhrinsyah Fatimura; Rully Masriatini
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): JULY | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v11i3.15426

Abstract

Water pollution from wastewater containing heavy metals, such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and nickel (Ni), is a serious environmental concern because these contaminants are toxic, non-biodegradable, and capable of accumulating in the food chain. Electrocoagulation is a promising treatment method that uses the electrochemical dissolution of electrodes to generate coagulants in situ. Current density is a critical operating parameter because it influences coagulant generation, gas-bubble formation, and contaminant removal efficiency. This study investigated the effect of current density on the removal efficiencies of Pb, Cd, and Ni from synthetic wastewater using aluminium electrodes in a batch reactor. Current densities of 13, 26, and 40 mA/cm² were tested at an initial pH of 9 and a treatment time of 60 minutes. The initial concentration of each metal was 20 mg/L. The results demonstrated that current density significantly affected heavy-metal removal. Among the tested conditions, 13 mA/cm² provided the best performance, achieving an average removal efficiency above 97%. Under single-metal conditions, the removal efficiencies of Pb, Cd, and Ni were 93.20%, 99.85%, and 99.39%, respectively. Under simultaneous-metal conditions, the corresponding efficiencies were 94.71%, 99.65%, and 98.81%. These findings confirm the effectiveness of aluminium-electrode electrocoagulation for treating heavy-metal-contaminated wastewater.
Studi Literatur: Evaluasi Sifat Mekanik dan Termal Komposit Berbasis Poliester Dengan Penguat Serat Alam dan Pengisi Anorganik Muhamad Lord Yoshikawa Prasojo; Nathania Levinawati Prasojo Prasojo; Tamara Eka Lestari; Ummu Habibah; Vera Pangni Fahriani
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): JULY | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v11i3.15590

Abstract

Polyester-based composites are widely used engineering materials in manufacturing industries because of their cost-effectiveness and ease of fabrication. However, the inherent brittleness of polyester necessitates the incorporation of reinforcement materials to improve its mechanical performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of natural fibers and inorganic fillers on the mechanical and thermal properties of polyester-based composites through a systematic literature review. Data were collected from nine selected experimental studies covering various natural fibers, including corn, pineapple, coconut coir, kenaf, jute, and sisal fibers, as well as inorganic fillers such as kaolin, pumice powder, and nanofillers. The analysis focused on tensile strength, flexural strength, impact resistance, thermal stability, and thermal conductivity while considering variations in composition, fabrication methods, and fiber surface treatments. The findings indicate that each type of fiber and filler has an optimum composition at which the best performance is achieved. Fiber surface treatment substantially influences the quality of interfacial bonding between the reinforcement and polyester matrix, whereas inorganic fillers contribute significantly to improving the thermal properties of the resulting composites. Overall, the appropriate selection of reinforcement type, composition, and surface treatment is essential for optimizing the performance of polyester-based composite materials.
Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Struvite Dari Limbah Ikan Dengan Pelapis Kitosan Sebagai Pupuk Lepas Lambat Raudhatul Ulfa; Kezia Agustina Br Panjaitan; Tinasyah Fitri; Muhammad Erik Syahputra; Abdul Hadi; Firda Tirta Yani
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): JULY | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v11i3.15645

Abstract

Fish waste is organic biomass that may cause environmental pollution; however, its nitrogen and phosphorus contents can serve as nutrient sources for struvite synthesis. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize struvite derived from fermented fish waste and coated with chitosan for use as a slow-release fertilizer. Fish waste was anaerobically fermented using EM4 and molasses. The resulting filtrate was reacted with Mg²⁺:NH₄⁺:PO₄³⁻ molar ratios of 1:1:1, 1:1:2, and 1.2:1:1 under pH conditions ranging from 8 to 10. The resulting struvite was coated with chitosan extracted from shrimp-shell waste and characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fertilizer effectiveness was evaluated on pak choi plants based on plant height, leaf number, and leaf width. The optimum condition was achieved at pH 9 and a molar ratio of 1.2:1:1, yielding 83.03% phosphate-removal efficiency and 2.40 g of product. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of P–O and Mg–O bonds and interactions between chitosan functional groups and struvite. SEM revealed orthorhombic prismatic struvite crystals with an amorphous coating. Plant tests indicated that chitosan-coated struvite gradually released nutrients and supported stable pak choi growth. These findings demonstrate its potential as an environmentally sustainable slow-release fertilizer.
Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit dengan Katalis Basa Heterogen Berbasis Rumput Teki (Cyperus Rotundus Helen Puspa Kartika; M Haidar Al Hakiki; Suprihatin Suprihatin; Ni Ketut Sari; Caecilia Pujiastuti
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): JULY | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v11i3.15679

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a heterogeneous base catalyst derived from Cyperus rotundus biomass and to evaluate its application in biodiesel production from palm oil. The catalyst was prepared through a series of processes, including washing, drying, grinding, and calcination at 600 °C for 2 h. The prepared catalyst was then characterized using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and the Hammett indicator method. The transesterification reaction was carried out at 60 °C for 30 min, with variations in the methanol-to-oil molar ratio (9:1–21:1) and catalyst loading (3–11 wt%). The characterization results revealed that the catalyst contained a high proportion of K₂O (44.5%), had a specific surface area of 89.821 m²/g, and exhibited a basicity of 0.5 mmol/g. The biodiesel yield increased with increasing methanol-to-oil molar ratio and catalyst loading until the optimum conditions were reached, after which the yield decreased due to mass transfer limitations and difficulties in glycerol separation. The highest biodiesel yield of 96.31% was obtained at a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 15:1 and a catalyst loading of 7 wt%. The resulting biodiesel had a density of 0.8809 g/cm³, a kinematic viscosity of 3.0691 mm²/s, an acid value of 0.3366 mg KOH/g, and a flash point of 235 °C. These properties met the requirements of the SNI 7182:2015 standard. GC-MS analysis identified methyl oleate and methyl palmitate as the major components of the biodiesel. Overall, the results demonstrate that Cyperus rotundus biomass has potential as an environmentally friendly source of heterogeneous base catalysts for biodiesel production.
Lemon Extract as a Green Activator for Durian Peel-Derived Activated Carbon: Enhanced Copper Adsorption and Sustainable Waste Valorisation Ninik Triayu Susparini; Husnul Khotimah; Holishah Widiyanto; Dian Susvira; Lusi Aferta
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): JULY | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v11i3.15731

Abstract

The development of green, low-cost adsorbents from agricultural waste remains a critical challenge for sustainable wastewater treatment. Herein, durian peel waste was converted into porous activated carbon using lemon extract as a novel natural activator, and its efficiency for Cu²⁺ removal was systematically evaluated. The activation process drastically reduced moisture content from 14% to 2% and ash content from 14% to 4%, while increasing iodine adsorption capacity from 824.85 to 888.30 mg g⁻¹, fully complying with SNI 06-3730-1995 standards. SEM analysis revealed a remarkable transformation in surface morphology, with pore diameters expanding from 9.42–12.6 μm (non-activated) to 12.1–15.8 μm after activation, indicating successful pore development. EDX confirmed Cu deposition (0.67 atom%) on the adsorbent surface post-adsorption, corroborating effective metal uptake. Remarkably, the activated carbon achieved 99.61% Cu²⁺ removal efficiency under optimal conditions (25% lemon extract, 15 min contact time), representing one of the highest performances reported for fruit peel-based adsorbents. Two-way ANOVA demonstrated that both activator concentration and contact time significantly influenced adsorption efficiency (p < 0.05). These findings provide compelling evidence that lemon extract serves as an efficient, eco-friendly chemical activator, and that durian peel-derived activated carbon holds exceptional promise for practical remediation of copper-contaminated water.
Sintesis, Karakterisasi dan Aplikasi Fotokatalis Tio₂ Doping Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) pada Degradasi Zat Warna Methylene Blue Hasmalina Nasution; Retno Hidayati
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): JULY | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v11i3.15741

Abstract

The rapid growth of the textile industry has led to the increasing generation of wastewater containing synthetic dyes such as methylene blue (MB), which are toxic, persistent, and resistant to natural degradation. In this study, TiO₂–layered double hydroxide (TiO₂–LDH) photocatalysts were synthesized using the coprecipitation method with an M²⁺/M³⁺ molar ratio of 3, followed by calcination at 300 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of the anatase TiO₂ phase and characteristic LDH diffraction peaks, indicating the successful formation of the TiO₂–LDH composite. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis revealed a specific surface area of 15.027 m² g⁻¹ with a hierarchical mesoporous–macroporous structure. The photocatalytic degradation performance was evaluated by varying the MB concentration (10 and 20 ppm), catalyst dosage (0.025, 0.05, and 0.10 g), solution pH (4, 7, and 10), reaction time (60, 90, and 120 min), and UV irradiation. The optimum degradation conditions were achieved at an MB concentration of 10 ppm, catalyst dosage of 0.10 g, pH 10, and a reaction time of 120 min under UV irradiation. Under these conditions, the TiO₂/MgAl photocatalyst exhibited the highest degradation efficiency of 95%, followed by TiO₂/MgZnAl (90%) and TiO₂/ZnAl (86%). The enhanced photocatalytic activity under alkaline conditions was attributed to the increased generation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (•OH), which accelerated the degradation of MB molecules. Based on the characterization results and photocatalytic performance, the TiO₂–LDH composites demonstrated excellent potential for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions and represent a promising alternative photocatalytic material for wastewater treatment applications.

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