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Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang
ISSN : 2527614X     EISSN : 25415891     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/inteka
Core Subject : Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering
The Inovasi Teknik Kimia (INTEKA) journal focuses upon aspects of chemical engineering: chemical reaction engineering, environmental chemical engineering, material and food engineering . The INTEKA is an research journal and invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. The journal aims to provide a forum for the presentation of original fundamental research, interpretative reviews and discussion of new developments in chemical engineering. Papers which describe novel theory and its application to practice are welcome, as are those which illustrate the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. Reports of carefully executed experimental work, which is soundly interpreted are also welcome. The overall focus is on original and rigorous research results which have generic significance.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 286 Documents
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PEMANFAATAN KARBON SISA HASIL PEMBENTUKAN KRISTAL LIMBAH TULANG IKAN TENGGIRI (SCOMBEROMORUS COMMERSON LACEPEDE) DAN IKAN BELIDA (CHITALA LOPIS) UNTUK MENGADSORPSI ZAT WARNA SINTETIK CONGO RED Ramadani, Pino; Fransiska, Firnanda Zuni; Putri, Aisyah Adinda; Maharani, Tiara; Syahputri, Salsabila Dia; Rahmadani, Fitri Nur; Wirhanuddin, Wirhanuddin; Nurhadi, Mukhamad
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): July | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i3.13027

Abstract

To date, industrial wastewater treatment efforts have largely relied on conventional methods that are sensitive to environmental changes and less effective in degrading complex dyes such as Congo Red. One promising alternative approach is adsorption using biomass-based activated carbon, including waste derived from fish bones. This study aims to investigate the properties, surface characteristics, and adsorption mechanism of residual carbon obtained from crystal formation processes using waste bones of mackerel and featherback fish for Congo Red removal. The methodology involved carbonization at 500 °C, followed by sulfonation with concentrated H₂SO₄, and adsorption experiments with varying carbon particle size, contact time, and initial Congo Red concentration. The results demonstrate that fish bone waste carbon is highly effective in adsorbing Congo Red, with removal efficiency increasing with contact time and reaching equilibrium within 10 minutes at 99.8%. The optimum particle size was 200 mesh, and the maximum adsorption capacity was observed at Congo Red concentrations below 600 mg L⁻¹. Isotherm analysis revealed that the adsorption process follows the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 16,666.6 mg g⁻¹. Meanwhile, kinetic data indicated that the adsorption behavior conforms to a pseudo-second-order model, with a rate constant of 666.6 g mg⁻¹ h⁻¹ at 25 °C.
PENGARUH KOMBINASI MALTODEKSTRIN-KITOSAN PADA EDIBLE COATING UNTUK MEMPERTAHANKAN KUALITAS BUAH APEL POTONG Sani, Aqila Yulinda; Mazaya, Puti Naomi; Kurniasari, Ayu Pita; Ariyanto, Hermawan Dwi
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): July | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i3.13243

Abstract

The browning of freshly sliced apples greatly diminishes their quality and attractiveness to consumers. Edible coatings offer a viable solution for maintaining the quality and prolonging the shelf life of cut fruit. This research examined the impact of combining maltodextrin and chitosan in edible coatings on the quality of fresh-cut apples. The dip-coating technique was utilized to apply the coating. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors was used, featuring various maltodextrin (MD)-to-chitosan weight ratios (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1) and two types of maltodextrin with different dextrose equivalent (DE) values (10 and 25). The performance of the edible coatings was assessed over a 10-day storage period at 4°C, with evaluations conducted on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The findings indicated that the optimal preservation of apple quality was achieved with a 3:1 MD-to-chitosan ratio combined with DE 25, resulting in a browning index of 36.09, firmness measuring 5.7 kg/cm², vitamin C content of 20.43 mg/100 g, and a weight loss of 18.09%. In terms of organoleptic assessment (rated on a 1–5 scale), samples with the same MD-to-chitosan ratio received the highest ratings for color (2.65) and texture (2.5). The treatment with a 3:1 MD-to-chitosan ratio and DE 10 yielded the best aroma score of 2.3.
HUMIC ACID FILTRATION EFFICIENCY OF POLYPROPYLENE-BASED ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANES Mundarti, Sri; Amalia, Rahma; Lestari, Rara Ayu; Widyastuti, Nita
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October| INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i4.13443

Abstract

Polypropylene (PP) membranes exhibit advantageous characteristics for filtration processes, including chemical resistance, thermal stability, hydrophobicity, low cost, and mechanical durability, making them well-suited for long-term applications in water treatment, particularly for removing organic compounds. This study aims to evaluate the performance of hollow fiber PP membranes in the ultrafiltration of humic acid solutions, serving as a model organic contaminant. The experimental setup involved filtering a 15 mg/L humic acid solution in demineralized water at 1 bar for 120 minutes. Performance evaluation focused on three parameters: pure water flux, humic acid permeate flux, and rejection efficiency. The initial pure water flux reached 72 L/m²·h, decreasing to approximately 57 L/m²·h within the first 20 minutes, indicating membrane compaction. The humic acid permeate flux declined from 42 to 33 L/m²·h, attributed to fouling caused by physical and chemical interactions between humic acid and the PP membrane surface. Rejection efficiency dropped from an initial 90% to 75% by the end of the process. The observed performance degradation was linked to adsorption, pore blocking, and concentration polarization. Despite their structural advantages, PP membranes are prone to organic fouling; therefore, surface modification and feedwater pretreatment are recommended to optimize long-term performance.
SINTESIS MEMBRAN AKRILONITRIL BUTADIENA STIRENA TERMODIFIKASI FILLER SULFONASI GRAFENA OKSIDA TEREDUKSI DAN CERIUM OKSIDA Iskandar, Riska Listiarini; Dampang, Sarah; Hakim, Muhammad Fahmi; Perdani, Meka Saima; Siswantito, Firgi; Widianto, Eri; Fauji, Najmudin
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October| INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i4.13450

Abstract

The utilization of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) polymer as an alternative membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) applications has been investigated. This study aims to evaluate the effect of sulfonation temperature on the performance of ABS membranes modified with reduced graphene oxide/cerium oxide (s-rGO/CeO₂). The membranes were synthesized via sulfonation at 65 °C, 75 °C, and 85 °C, with a filler composition of 3% v/v. The results indicate that the addition of filler significantly increases the Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC), with the highest value of 0.375 meq/g obtained at a sulfonation temperature of 85 °C, while methanol permeability was optimally reduced at 65 °C (1.26684 × 10⁻⁷ cm²/s). FTIR analysis confirms successful sulfonation, as evidenced by the appearance of sulfonate (S=O) absorption peaks at 1054 cm⁻¹ and carbonyl (C=O) peaks at 1734 cm⁻¹, indicating interactions between the filler and the ABS matrix. The increased polarity and hydrophilicity of the membrane resulting from filler incorporation demonstrate that filler-modified ABS membranes have strong potential as alternative membranes for DMFC applications.
ANALISA PENGUJIAN KADAR NITRAT, NITRIT DAN KLORIDA PADA AIR MINERAL DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV – VIS DAN TITRIMETRI Hidayati, Retno; Nasution, Hasmalina; Sari, Meidita Kemala
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October| INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i4.14257

Abstract

Udara merupakan kebutuhan esensial bagi kehidupan manusia, Kualitas air minum menjadi perhatian utama dalam upaya menjaga kesehatan masyarakat. Keberadaan senyawa nitrat (NO₃⁻), nitrit (NO₂⁻), dan klorida (Cl⁻) dalam air mineral perlu dikaji mengingat potensi toksisitasnya apabila melebihi ambang batas yang ditetapkan oleh standar nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar nitrat, nitrit, dan klorida dalam beberapa sampel air mineral menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV–Vis dan titrimetri argentometri. Penetapan kadar nitrat dilakukan pada panjang gelombang 220–275 nm, sedangkan nitrit pada 534 nm. Sementara itu, kadar klorida ditentukan dengan metode titrasi Mohr menggunakan larutan standar AgNO₃ dan indikator K₂CrO₄. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kadar nitrat pada sampel A1, A2, dan A3 masing-masing sebesar 0,284 mg/L; 0,358mg/L; dan 2,090 mg/L. Kadar nitrit seluruh sampel terdeteksi <LOQ atau 0 mg/L. Sedangkan kadar klorida yang diperoleh sebesar 0,48 mg/L; 0,53mg/L; dan 3,39 mg/L. Seluruh nilai konsentrasi berada di bawah ambang batas maksimum sesuai SNI 3554:2015 untuk nitrat dan nitrit, serta Permenkes No. 2 Tahun 2023 untuk klorida. Dengan demikian, air mineral yang diuji memenuhi kriteria kelayakan konsumsi berdasarkan parameter kimia yang dianalisis.
Analisa Variabel Biodiesel Hasil Transesterifikasi Dengan Variasi Rasio Metanol-Etanol Rochyani, Neny; Barutu, Alfredo; Wahyudi, Agus
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): July | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i3.14282

Abstract

Biodiesel adalah produk bahan bakar yang berasal dari tumbuhan. Penelitian ini menggunakan reaktan campuran metanol-etanol dan katalis NaOH. Metodologi penelitian meliputi; Analisa CPO, transesterifikasi, Pemisahan Biodiesel, Pemurnian biodiesel dan Analisa Biodiesel. Proses transesterifikasi dilakukan dengan mereaksikan CPO dengan metanol:etanol 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, dan katalis NaOH dengan variasi 1%, 1.38%, dan 1.5% berat CPO. Proses transesterifikasi dilakukan pada temperatur 60 oC. Kecepatan pengadukan 600 rpm. Metil ester hasil reaksi transesterifikasi dikarakterisasi menggunakan GC dan uji sifat fisik nya berupa densitas, kadar air, angka asam dan yield. Berdasarkan analisis two way anova menunjukkan bahwa biodiesel hasil reaksi transesterifikasi dengan variasi campuran metanol-etanol tidak berpengaruh signifikan (P>0.05) terhadap densitas, kadar air, angka asam dan yield biodiesel. Variasi katalis NaOH berpengaruh signifikan (P<0,05) terhadap densitas, angka asam dan yield biodiesel. Tapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kafar air. Randemen optimum diperoleh pada campuran metanol-etanol 7:3 NaOH 1% sebesar 76,2%. Berdasarkan hasil data Gas Chromatograpy kandungan senyawa asam lemak yang paling dominan adalah asam palmitat (C16) sebesar 45,99% dan asam oleat ikatan rangkap satu (C18.1) sebesar 37,30% serta ester content dari biodiesel sebesar 85.79%. Adapun hasil uji sifat fisis dari biodiesel meliputi densitas, kadar air, dan angka asam secara berturut 888 Kg/cm3, 0.18%, dan 0.28 mgKOH/g.
PENINGKATAN KANDUNGAN BESI PADA LIMBAH PERTAMBANGAN BAUKSIT (RED MUD) DENGAN METODE ACID LEACHING MENGGUNAKAN LARUTAN ASAM FLUORIDA Nafisah, Sayyidatun; Khaerudini, Deni Shidqi; Hidayat, Arif
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October| INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i4.14296

Abstract

Red mud merupakan limbah padat hasil samping industri pengolahan bauksit melalui proses Bayer yang mengandung besi dalam jumlah tinggi, namun bercampur dengan berbagai oksida logam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kandungan besi dalam red mud melalui metode acid leaching menggunakan larutan asam fluorida (HF). Proses leaching dilakukan dalam sistem refluks dengan variasi waktu (1–4 jam) dan konsentrasi asam (12–48%), kemudian residu dianalisis menggunakan X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) untuk mengetahui perubahan komposisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan waktu dan konsentrasi larutan asam mampu memperkaya kandungan Fe₂O₃ dalam residu, dengan nilai maksimum sebesar 45,91% pada kondisi 48% HF dan waktu leaching 4 jam.
KONTRIBUSI AIR LIMBAH PENGOLAHAN SAGU TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI Nururrahmah, Nururrahmah; Sari, Desy Nurhasanah; Sari, Andi Kurnia Sari; Ariadi, Luki
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October| INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i4.14341

Abstract

Ekstraksi pati sagu membutuhkan air dalam jumlah yang banyak sehingga dalam proses pengolahannya dihasilkan air limbah sagu dan ampas sagu yang sangat banyak. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kontribusi bahan pencemar dari air limbah sagu yang masuk ke sungai sehingga mempengaruhi kualitas air sungai. Air limbah pengolahan sagu yang digunakan adalah air buangan pertama yang diambil langsung dari saluran pembuangan (T1), air buangan terakhir yang diambil dekat dengan pembuangan ke sungai (T2), dan air sungai tempat pengaliran air limbah sagu. Parameter fisikokimia (suhu, pH, kekeruhan, TSS, DO, mineral besi, dan nitrat) diperoleh menggunakan metode analitik berdasarkan SNI dan mineral phosfat menggunakan spektrofotometrik. Perbandingan hasil pengukuran parameter fisikokimia air limbah sagu dan air sungai dengan baku mutu menunjukkan bahwa parameter kekeruhan 51,2 mg/L, konsentrasi TSS 140 mg/L, dan konsentrasi mineral besi 3,0951 mg/L melebihi ambang batas baku mutu untuk perairan kelas II berdasarkan PP Nomor 22 Tahun 2021. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa air limbah sagu memberikan kontribusi bahan pencemar yang dibuang ke sungai sehingga untuk selanjutnya perlu diolah sebelum dibuang ke lingkungan
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH TEKSTIL (METHYLENE BLUE) MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN KARBON AKTIF KULIT MANGGIS (GARCINIA MANGOSTANA) TERAKTIVASI HIDROGEN PEROXIDE Suhirman, Suhirman; Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih; Pradana, Arfando Yudha; Wijaya, Panji
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October| INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i3.14352

Abstract

Textile wastewater is a major contributor to aquatic pollution because synthetic dyes such as Methylene Blue (MB) are toxic, persistent, and resistant to biodegradation. This study investigates the adsorption performance of activated carbon derived from mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana) activated with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) for MB removal from aqueous solution. Activated carbon was prepared by carbonization at 850 °C, followed by chemical activation with diluted 50% H₂O₂. Adsorption tests were performed using 50 mg of adsorbent in 250 mL of MB solution (50 ppm) for 120 min, and residual concentrations were determined by UV–Vis spectrophotometry at 663 nm. H₂O₂ activation enhanced the specific surface area from 522 to 700 m²/g and enriched oxygen-containing functional groups (–OH, C=O) on the carbon surface. The contact angle decreased from 134,01° to 55,83°, indicating improved hydrophilicity. The activated carbon achieved 68% MB removal, significantly higher than the non-activated carbon (16%). Adsorption kinetics were well described by the pseudo-second-order model, with a high determination coefficient (R² = 0.988).
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI FOTOKATALIS NANO TIO2-MEMBRAN POLIURETAN BERBASIS MINYAK ALPUKAT, HDI, DAN POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (PEG) PADA FOTODEGRADASI METIL JINGGA Arrazi, Abdul Hamid; Anwar, Devi Indah; Khumaisah, Lela Lailatul
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October| INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i4.14400

Abstract

Synthetic dyes such as methyl orange are classified as persistent pollutants that are difficult to degrade biologically, thus requiring effective and sustainable treatment technologies. This study develops a photocatalytic membrane based on polyurethane (PU) synthesized from avocado seed oil, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) for immobilizing TiO₂ nanoparticles. PEG was used as a dispersing additive to prevent TiO₂ agglomeration and enhance the membrane's hydrophilicity. XRD characterization revealed that the TiO₂ nanoparticles were predominantly in the anatase phase, with a characteristic diffraction peak at 2θ = 25.2740°. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of PU through the identification of characteristic functional groups, including –NH, –C=O (urethane carbonyl), and –C–O–C (ether) from PEG, as well as Ti–O and Ti–O–Ti vibrations indicating the presence of TiO₂. SEM observations showed a semi-globular morphology of TiO₂ particles that were homogeneously dispersed within the PU matrix without significant agglomeration. Photodegradation performance tests under UV-A irradiation (265 nm) at an irradiation distance of 11 cm demonstrated a maximum degradation efficiency of 91.165% at pH 4, with good reusability stability, achieving 91.173% efficiency after repeated cycles. The high effectiveness is attributed to electrostatic interactions between the positively charged TiO₂ surface and negatively charged methyl orange molecules, which accelerate the generation of reactive radical species during the photocatalytic process.

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