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Ihdi Karim Makinara
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Media Syari'ah: Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
ISSN : 14112353     EISSN : 25795090     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jms
Core Subject : Religion, Economy, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
This journal focused on Islamic Law Studies and present developments through the publication of articles, research reports, and book reviews. SCOPE Ahkam specializes on Islamic law, and is intended to communicate original research and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 19, No 2 (2017)" : 7 Documents clear
Konsep dan Teori Manajemen Aset dalam Islam Ridwan Nurdin; Muslina Muslina
Media Syari'ah Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jms.v19i2.2026

Abstract

Sistem pengelolaan aset menurut ketentuan Islam merupakan suatu profesi baru dalam dunia modern saat ini, sehingga tidak banyak literatur yang dapat dijadikan pedoman dalam mengkaji hal tersebut. Di sisi lain, kebutuhan akan sistem ini semakin dirasakan oleh para akademisi dan praktisi khususnya praktisi lembaga keuangan syariah. Manculnya konsep pengelolaan aset atau lebih dikenal dengan Manajemen Kekayaan Islam (Islamic Wealth Management) atau Perencanaan Keuangan Islam (Islamic Financial Planning) merupakan jawaban praktis atas kebutuhan tersebut. Meskipun demikian, hadirnya dua konsep ini setidaknya memberikan gambaran awal pengelolaan aset secara halal. Bila dikaji dalam perjalanan sejarah Islam, sebenarnya manajemen aset telah dijelaskan oleh Asy-Syaibani dalam kitabnya al-kasb dengan teori infaq. Teori ini sangat umum, namun mempunyai hubungan signifikan terhadap pengelolaan aset menurut perspektif Islam. Inilah alasan penulis menghubungkan pengelolaan aset dalam Islam dengan teori infaq Asy-Syaibani. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyusunan karya ilmiah ini ialah metode content analisis, yakni menganalisis teks-teks dalam buku yang mempunyai hubungan dengan pembahasan ini. Hasil kajian tersebut ialah konsep pengelolaan aset dalam Islam merujuk pada konsep khalifah dan keshalihan. Konsep khalifah mewajibkan setiap orang memakmurkan bumi dengan bekerja. Sedangkan konsep keshalihan merupakan konsep yang mengharuskan pemilik aset memanfaatkannya dan mengembangkannya dengan cara yang halal dan mempertimbangkan aspek kemanfaat bagi dirinya dan orang lain. Konsep ini tergambar jelas dalam teori al-kasb dan infaq menurut Asy-Syaibani. Dalam teori al-kasb diuraikan alasan orang bekerja, yakni untuk memehuni kebutuhan dharuriyat, hajiyat dan tahsiniyyat. Sedangkan dalam teori infaq mengharuskan seseorang untuk membelankan dan mengembangkan asetnya dengan cara yang halal serta memperhatikan tingkatan prioritas yang utama.
Waqf Higher Education: Implementation Model In University College Bestari (UCB), Terengganu, Malaysia Baharuddin Bin Sayin; Muhammad Hamizan Bin Ab Hamid
Media Syari'ah Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jms.v19i2.2021

Abstract

Waqf higher education was an important asset in developing knowledgeable intellectuals. This waqf higher education was a successful institution that uses waqf as it source of operation. It can be seen through the model of College University Bestari (UCB) in the implementation of higher education waqf. The objective of this writing is to focus on the historical background, the development of waqf asset, contribution and beneficial distribution of waqf property as well as challenges and prospects of higher education in Malaysia. The analysis result found that UCB had been successfully expanded the waqf funds through the waqf scheme of land lot by getting approval from Terengganu Islamic Religious and Malay Customs Council (MAIDAM). Thus, the implementation of educational waqf held by UCB can be used as a model to other educational institutions in order to develop waqf property and generate revenue. Therefore, the model that existed in this waqf institution need to be systematically planned and implemented to ensure that it can be a guarantee and catalyst towards education finance system of the Muslim community.
Peran dan Fungsi Kelembagaan Mukim dalam Penyelesaian Perselisihan: Analisis Praktek Hukum Adat di Aceh Muslim Zainuddin
Media Syari'ah Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jms.v19i2.2025

Abstract

Mukim is one of the Acehnese customary institutions in charge of resolving disputes that occur in the community. Within Acehnese customary judicial process, the mukim is positioned at the second level after the gampong. One of the mukim's duties de jure, as stipulated in Article 4 letter (e) of Aceh Qanun No. 4/2003 on Mukim Government, is to provide judicial decisions in the event of customary disputes or cases and customary laws. However, the role of mukim has begun to decrease in terms of resolving community problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influenced nonoptimal roles of the mukim, the mechanisms used by the mukim in resolving disputes within the Acehnese society, and the philosophical, juridical and sociological values of the dispute settlements implemented by the institutional mukim. The study used empirical legal method to describe the implementation of the laws on the mukim authority in resolving disputes. The study took place in five areas: Banda Aceh, Aceh Besar, Bireuen, Aceh Tengah, and Nagan Raya. The primary data came from interview and FGDs with Keuchik, Mukim, Police, NGOs, and academicians concerning on Aceh customary laws. The secondary data included primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The primary legal material was the Law regulating the Mukim, the secondary ones came from documentation study including books, journals, and research findings in the library on mukim, and the tertiary ones were from dictionaries and encyclopedias. The results of the study showed that the factors causing nonoptimal roles of the mukim included the human resources, poor training and development, lack of funding, and conflict in Aceh. The customary court at the mukim level had similar ways of resolution as that at the gampong. Likewise, the mechanisms to settle were the same i.e., mutual deliberation and mediation. The difference laid only in the procedural systems. In terms of the philosophical values, both mukim and gampong used the win-win solution principle, creating a harmony between the parties involved, saving time, saving cost, having a moment of connecting kinship between people (silaturahim), and following the teaching of Islam. These findings are hoped to provide insights to people to promote dispute settlement through customary institutions i.e., mukim and gampong prior to taking the cases to the police. It is also hoped that the police will not follow-up the case reports that do not use the customary procedures, and that the executive and legislative institutions can initiate a provincial Qanun which is oriented towards the mukim empowerment proportionally and professionally. Further, socialization on such customary practices should be done at every level of the community in order for the public to be more aware of the mukim’s dispute resolution.
Impact of Islamic Microfinance on Improving the Income and Poverty Reduction on Microenterprises in Province Aceh : Case Study in BaitulQiradh Asmawati Asmawati; Shofian Ahmad
Media Syari'ah Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jms.v19i2.2020

Abstract

Since 1995 Baitul Qiradhhas been serving low - income people who most lywork asmicro enterprises by providing microfinance in Province Aceh. This study was conducted to assessand analy se the impactofbaitulqiradh’ micro finance services to increase the income andreduce povertyamong therecipients. Primary data were collected from 208 completed questionairres distributed to the clients of 8 BQ in six district/city in Province Aceh, in order to find out their perceptions on their impacts they observed on their socio-economic lives after receiving financing from the institutions in question. The finding show that the average mean income after financing was increased significantly IDR 838.221 (42.92%) than before financing. Socio-economicfactorsthatinfluence the increasecustomer income inthisstudyis thelevelof education, number Offinancing andinvest ment sinen trepreneurial training. The results importantly also found that the financing has help in decrease in poverty among the clients from 39.4% before financing to 12.5% after financing.In order to improve role of baitulqiradh Aceh in area study, this study suggest they have to improve their service not only financial side but also social services, to promote their financing products to community, to making tutorial meeting (monthly) to improve clients understanding on islamic values in a practical way, to be more innovative in desinged their financial product to fulfill the needs of their clients particular and community, and to develop link network to other financial institution (bank and non- bank), NGO dangoverment in implement their activity.
Hadis Ahad Sebagai Sumber Hukum Islam (Pemikiran Imam al-Sarakhsi dan Imam Al-Ghazali, Pendekatan Epistemologi) Jabbar Sabil; Juliana Juliana
Media Syari'ah Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jms.v19i2.2024

Abstract

Ĥadīŝ aĥād is one of the sources of Islamic law. But in practice, the scholars set different conditions as seen in the thoughts of Imam al-Sarakhsī and Imam al-Ghazālī. Therefore, this study examines the nature of ĥadīŝ aĥād according to both Imams, and their views on the criteria for the use of ĥadīŝ aĥād as the source of Islamic law. This research is done by epistemology approach which is part of a study of philosophy science. The technique of completion of research data is done by library research with the method of data analysis, that is a research according to the contents of both Imam. The data analysis is done by the comparative descriptive method that is, to find the relation between thinking with the same thing with equation and difference which is related to ĥadīŝ aĥād as the source of Islamic law. So the author comes to the conclusion of both Imams mentioned that ĥadīŝ aĥād is obliged to be practiced but doesn’t produce knowledge.The opposite side of their opinion is on the terms of practice. Imam al-Sarakhsī presupposes the fakih narrator, while Imam al-Ghazālī doesn’t because according to him the condition of the transmigrants is not realistic and complicates the practice.The analysis of the metaphysical example of ĥadīŝ aĥād fi'liyyah about ĥadīŝ yellow in the morning prayers indicates that in the ĥadīŝ the metaphysical condition of the jurists doesn’t increase the probability to certainty, and the absence of the fakih narrator doesn’t diminish its worth. Thus, the practice of ĥadīŝ aĥād is sufficient at the level of probability, so the thought of Imam al-Sarakhsī and Imam al-Ghazālī being complementary is not a contradiction.
Peran Lembaga Kampong dalam Manajemen Konflik Keluarga di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah Izzatur Rusuli; Zakiul Fuady; Zulfikar Zulfikar; Rahma Nurzianti
Media Syari'ah Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jms.v19i2.2023

Abstract

Perceraian sudah menjadi gejala fenomenal di negara tercinta ini. Hampir di seluruh propinsi yang ada di Indonesia mempunyai kasus perceraian yang sangat tinggi tidak terkecuali propinsi Aceh yang sedang menerapkan syariat Islam khususnya di kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Menyikapi hal ini, kabupaten Aceh Tengah yang masih kental dalam melestarikan adat di masyarakatnya harus mengambil langkah yang jitu untuk meminimalisir tingkat perceraian ini. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran lembaga kampong dalam manajemen konflik keluarga dan kendala apa yang dihadapi mereka dalam memainkan peran ini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara sebagai sumber data primernya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lembaga kampong yang ada di kabupaten Aceh Tengah tidak maksimal dalam memainkan perannya dalam manajemen konflik keluarga, hanya sebagian kecil saja yang menjalankan peran ini. Hal ini dikarenakan terdapat beberapa kendala yang dihadapi oleh lembaga kampong seperti sempitnya ruang gerak yang mereka miliki karena dibatasi oleh qanun, undang-undang serta kewenangan lembaga lain seperti muspika. Selain itu, juga terkendala oleh adanya pergeseran nilai-nilai adat di masyarakat Gayo sehingga masih banyak peran-peran adat dahulu yang sudah kabur dikarenakan konflik yang berkepanjangan dan munculnya pendatang yang membawa budayanya sendiri. Solusi yang bisa dilakukan didiskusikan dalam penelitian ini.
Eksistensi Kota Madani dalam Perspektif Siyasah Syar'iyyah (Kajian Eksplisit Kota Madani Banda Aceh) Hasanuddin Yusuf Adan
Media Syari'ah Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jms.v19i2.2022

Abstract

Istilah Kota Madani sering dikaitkan dengan keberadaan kota Madinah di zaman Nabi dan Khulafaurrasyidin sehingga sebahagian orang cenderung mengartikan kata madani sebagai padanan kata madinah. Dalam memimpin kota Banda Aceh Illiza Sa’aduddin Jamal sering sekali mengkampanyekan istilah kota madani untuk Banda Aceh sehingga istilah kota madani sudah sangat akrab bagi warga kota tersebut. Pertanyaan yang muncul di sini adalah; bagaimana konsep kota madani yang sebenarnya? Dan mana contoh konkrit kota madani yang pernah wujud dalam kehidupan ummat manusia di dunia? Serta bagaimana kedudukannya dalam konteks siyasah syar’iyyah. Untuk menjawab semua pertanyaan tersebut perlu kehadiran teknis dan metodologi penulisan sebagai penguat keabsahan suatu tulisan ilmiah seperti metode kualitatif yang sangat layak digunakan untuk tulisan ini sebagai jenis penelitian ilmu sosial. Dari hasil kajian yang ada ditemukan bahwa konsep kota madani merupakan sebuah kota yang dihuni dan dipimpin oleh ummat Islam yang berlaku amalan ketauhidan, amalan syari’ah, dan amalan akhlak karimah di dalamnya sebagaimana yang pernah wujud dalam wilayah Madinah yang dipimpin Rasulullah SAW dan para khulafaurrasyidin dahulu kala, kota tersebut harus dipimpin oleh pemimpin muslim yang tha’at, beriman, dan bersyari’ah. Dengan demikian kota Banda Aceh yang sering disebut-sebut sebagai kota madani perlu dipersiapkan unsur-unsur kemadaniannya sehingga ia layak disebut Kota Madani.

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