Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 28 Documents
Search

Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Perubahan Talak Tiga Menjadi Talak Satu (Analisis Terhadap Putusan Mahkamah Syar'iyah Banda Aceh Nomor: 0163/Pdt.G/2016/Ms.Bna) Muslim Zainuddin, Muslim Zainuddin; Syab'ati Asyarah Agustina, Syab'ati Asyarah Agustina
Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Vol 2, No 1 (2018): Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v2i1.3109

Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana isi putusan Mahkamah Syar'iyah tentang talak tiga menjadi satu sesuai dengan putusan Mahkamah Syar'iyah nomor 0163/Pdt.G/2016/Ms.Bna, pertimbangan hakim Mahkamah Syarâ'iyah Banda Aceh dan dalil-dalil hukum dalam menjatuhkan talak, dan tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap putusan Mahkamah Syar'iyah Banda Aceh tentang perubahan talak. Adapun penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dengan mengumpulkan data melalui penelitian library research (penelitian keperpustakaan) dan field research (penelitian lapangan). Jenis penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa isi putusan Nomor 0163/Pdt.G/2016/Ms.Bna yang mana Penggugat telah menjatuhkan talak tiga terhadap istrinya, namun Majelis Hakim memutuskan memberi izin talak raj'i kepada Penggugat terhadap Tergugat, ini sesuai dengan penetapan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Adapun pertimbangan hakim menjatuhkan talak tiga menjadi satu dengan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1989 Pasal 65 dan KHI dalam Pasal 118. Dari tinjauan hukum Islam bahwa talak tiga itu tidak jatuh melainkan talak satu dengan berdasarkan hadits Rasulullah saw., di dalam Al-Qur'an juga disebutkan hukum jatuhnya talak tiga, namun tergantung dari niat suami dalam menjatuhkan talak tersebut.
PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN SARJANA SYARIAH DALAM MENGGELUTI PROFESI ADVOKAT PASCA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 18 TAHUN 2003: Studi Kasus di Banda Aceh dan Aceh Besar Zainuddin, Muslim
Petita : Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : State Islamic University (UIN) Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (799.75 KB) | DOI: 10.22373/petita.v1i1.1301

Abstract

Before the establishment of Act Number 18 of 2003 on the Advocate, the graduates from faculty of Sharia were treated unequal in law profession instead of law faculty’s students. The establishment of Act Number 18 of 2003 on the Advocate give chances for sharia faculty’s graduate to professionally become advocate. However this chance has not significantly been used by sharia’s graduates. The figure showed in 2007 that only seven of sharia’s graduates became advocate. The hesitation of choosing advocate has been caused by unwilling to do a vows profession, and also unable to hear public censure. It is also caused by curriculum earned in sharia faculty has not been integrated with other legal professions. Financially, advocate incomes has no certainty in term of sustainability. In society perspective being a civil servant are more promising rather than an advocate. Thus the sharia advocate association (APSI) has significant role to promoting and motivating sharia’s graduate to become advocate.
Patah Titi and Substitute Heirs: A Study of Legal Pluralism on the Inheritance System in Aceh Community Khairuddin Hasballah; Ridwan Nurdin; Muslim Zainuddin; Mutiara Fahmi
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v21i2.22792

Abstract

This research analyzes the issue of the practice of inheritance of patah titi and substitute heirs in Acehnese society according to the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and local custom (adat). This empirical legal research uses a legal pluralism approach. Legal pluralism is a theory that analyzes the diversity of laws applicable and applied in the lives of society and the state. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews and literature review. The findings reveal that the people of Aceh practice a religious legal system, which consists of the KHI, fiqh, and adat in the distribution of inheritance. In the customary law, the practice known as “patah titi” concerns the case of inheritance in which an heir predeceases the testator, thus preventing the heirs’ living descendants from receiving inheritance rights. The customary practice in regards to patah titi bears a similarity to fiqh, in which it does not recognize a substitute heir, as fiqh only recognizes the replacement of the heir’s position. According to ulamas and traditional leaders, the practice of patah titi causes a divergent of opinions in which some agree whereas others do not. Those who disagree are more likely to use the term “will”, meaning that even though grandchildren do not inherit, sometimes they get property by way of a will. Furthermore, substitute heirs as confirmed in the KHI, although unavailable in fiqh and adat literature, are still recognized as they are in accordance with maqāṣid sharīah (the objectives of Islamic law), i.e. for justice and benefit purposes. To conclude, such a practice is a consequence of legal pluralism, which prioritizes harmonization and integration between the three legal systems.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini menganalisis persoalan praktik pewarisan patah titi dan ahli waris pengganti dalam masyarakat Aceh menurut KHI (Kompilasi Hukum Islam), fikih, dan adat setempat. Penelitian hukum empiris ini menggunakan pendekatan pluralisme hukum. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara mendalam dan studi pustaka. Temuan mengungkapkan bahwa masyarakat Aceh menganut sistem hukum agama, yang terdiri dari KHI, fikih, dan adat dalam pembagian warisan. Dalam hukum adat, praktik yang dikenal sebagai patah titi menyangkut kasus pewarisan di mana seorang ahli waris mendahului pewaris sehingga mencegah keturunan ahli waris yang masih hidup untuk menerima hak warisan. Kebiasaan patah titi memiliki kesamaan dengan fikih, yaitu tidak mengenal ahli waris pengganti, karena fikih hanya mengenal pengganti kedudukan ahli waris. Para ulama dan tokoh adat berpendapat bahwa praktik ini menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan pendapat yang ada yang setuju dan ada yang tidak. Mereka yang tidak setuju lebih cenderung menggunakan istilah “wasiat”, artinya meskipun cucu tidak mewarisi, terkadang mereka mendapatkan harta dengan cara wasiat. Selanjutnya ahli waris pengganti yang ditegaskan dalam KHI, meskipun tidak ada dalam fikih dan literatur adat, tetap diakui sesuai dengan maqashid syariah (tujuan hukum Islam), yaitu untuk tujuan keadilan dan kemaslahatan. Kesimpulannya, praktik semacam itu merupakan konsekuensi dari pluralisme hukum yang mengutamakan harmonisasi dan integrasi antara ketiga sistem hukum tersebut.   
Implementasi Syari’at Islam di Aceh: Studi Kasus Peranan Da’i Perbatasan di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang Abidin Nurdin; Muslim Zainuddin; Salman Abdul Muthalib; Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi
Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Tata Negara, Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam IAIN Bone

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35673/ajmpi.v6i2.1765

Abstract

This study aims to discuss the implementation of Islamic law in Aceh, especially regarding the role of border preachers in Aceh Tamiang District, Aceh Province. This research is a study of the sociology of law or empirical law that discusses the law in reality or the reality in people's lives. There are two data collection techniques used, namely literature review and in-depth interviews. This study concludes that the border preacher is a program of the Islamic Shari'ah Service which aims to support the implementation of Islamic law in border areas and remote areas in Aceh. Namely in the regions, Singkil, South Aceh, Subulussalam, Simeulu, Southeast Aceh, and Aceh Tamiang. Especially in Aceh Tamiang, the border preacher has carried out his duties and functions well, namely carrying out religious recitation activities, recitation of al-Qur’an education park, strengthen aqidah and maintaining religious harmony in society. Thus, in the context of the sociology of Islamic law applied in Aceh, it has a positive impact on the community in the sense that people are religiously obedient, their religious knowledge increases, strong aqidah and religious life becomes harmonious.
MEMBACA TAFSIR HERMENEUTIKA OTORITAS KHALED ABOU EL FADL Muslim Zainuddin
Dusturiyah: Jurnal Hukum Islam, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/dusturiyah.v9i1.4754

Abstract

This paper aims to explain Khaled's thoughts on authority. The emergence of an authoritarian attitude in understanding religious texts is a result of the authority one has in placing a single meaning of a text. This attitude is due to the stagnation of the dialogical relationship between the text, the author and the reader in the realm of Islamic thought. Khaled offers an effort to re-examine the competence of a text, determine the meaning of the text and the attitude of the text reader in expressing the meaning behind the text so that it is in line with the intent of the author of the text. Apart from that, he also offers five requirements that must exist for readers of the text, honesty, sincerity, rationality, thoroughness and self-control. 
AMBO MUHAMMADIYAH, MUNAK PESANTREN: The Moderate Islam Characteristics of the Coastal Community Muhajir Al-Fairusy; Irwan Abdullah; Muslim Zainuddin
AL-TAHRIR Vol 20, No 1 (2020): Islam and Social Change
Publisher : IAIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/altahrir.v20i1.2009

Abstract

Abstract: This research intends to investigate why the difference in Islamic interpretation did not cause religious conflict in Pulau Banyak, Aceh Singkil. This phenomenon was sharply different compared to other Aceh regions where people argue each other just because they had different interpretations (khilafiah) on Islam. In those regions, the Muslim majorities in Aceh (aswaja) use the term wahabi to distinguish minority groups and to justify their violence. Meanwhile, in Kepulauan Banyak, there are two Islamic mainstreams namely Muhammadiyah and Pesantren or tarbiyah (the traditional Islam) that are strongly rooted in the society without any clashes recorded. Hence, the question was what makes this dualism in religious interpretation live cooperatively in Kepulauan Banyak. This analytical descriptive research used qualitative methods with grounded research as its approach. Data was collected in three villages in the Kepulauan Banyak District. This research showed that coastal communities prioritize community togetherness rather than their differentiation in Islamic understanding. The collective feeling as a coastal community becomes social cohesion that obscuring religious differences.الملخص: هذا البحث هو محاولة للنظر بشكل أعمق في أسباب عدم تسبب الاختلافات في تنفيذ الفهم الإسلامي بالضرورة في تقسيم شعب بولاو بانياك وأتشيه سينكيل وتضاربه. هذا الشرط يختلف عن أهل أتشيه بشكل عام ، الذين غالبًا ما ينقسمون بتفسيرات مختلفة للإسلام (اقرأ: الخلافية). في الواقع ، ظهر مصطلح الوهابية مؤخرًا لتبرير الجماعات المشتبه في انحرافها ، لأنها تنفي فهم الأغلبية والثقافة المحلية. حتى الآن ، هناك تفاهمان تطورا في مجتمع العديد من الجزر ، وهما المحمدية والتعليم الإسلامي (الفهم التقليدي للإسلام). كلاهما متجذر بقوة في المجتمع المحلي دون اتصال ، والسؤال الذي يطرح نفسه لماذا يمكن أن تتعايش ثنائية الفهم الديني الإسلامي في وسط مجتمع جزر عديدة. هذا البحث وصفي تحليلي مع الأساليب النوعية وأساليب البحث القائمة على أسس. تم جمع البيانات في ثلاث قرى في منطقة كيبولاوان بانياك الفرعية ، بدءًا بالملاحظة والمقابلات ودراسة الأدبيات ، وأخيرًا تحليل البيانات. أظهرت النتائج أن الأهمية الثقافية للعمل الجماعي كمجتمع ساحلي جزري لها الأسبقية على الاختلافات في الفهم الإسلامي. أصبحت حالة الشعور بالجماعة كمجتمع جزري تماسكًا اجتماعيًا ، وطمس التفكك بسبب الاختلافات في الفهم الديني.Abstrak: Penelitian ini adalah upaya untuk melihat lebih dalam mengapa perbedaan dalam menjalankan pemahaman ke-Islaman tak lantas menyebabkan masyarakat Pulau Banyak, Aceh Singkil terbelah dan berkonflik. Kondisi ini berbeda dengan masyarakat Aceh pada umumnya, yang kerap tercerai oleh perbedaan penafsiran keislaman (baca: khilafiyah). Bahkan, belakangan muncul istilah wahabi untuk menjustifikasi kelompok yang ditengarai menyimpang, karena mengingkari pemahaman mayoritas dan kebudayaan lokal. Sejauh ini, ada dua paham yang berkembang di tengah masyarakat Kepulauan Banyak, yaitu Muhammadiyah dan Pesantren (pemahaman Islam tradisionalis). Keduanya mengakar kuat dalam masyarakat setempat tanpa bersinggungan, muncul pertanyaan mengapa dualisme pemahaman keagamaan Islam dapat hidup berdampingan di tengah masyarakat Kepulauan Banyak. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan grounded research. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di tiga kampung dalam Kecamatan Kepulauan Banyak, diawali dengan observasi, wawancara, studi pustaka, dan terakhir analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jika makna budaya kebersamaan sebagai masyarakat pesisir kepulauan lebih diutamakan dibanding perbedaan pandangan pemahaman keislaman. Kondisi perasaan kolektivitas sebagai masyarakat kepulauan telah menjadi kohesi sosial, dan mengaburkan disintegrasi akibat perbedaan pemahaman agama.
PERAN ULAMA PEREMPUAN DI ACEH (Studi Terhadap Kiprah Perempuan Sebagai Ulama di Kabupaten Bireuen dan Aceh Besar) Muslim Zainuddin
Takammul : Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam Serta Perlindungan Anak Vol 6, No 2 (2017): TAKAMMUL
Publisher : Pusat Studi Wanita UIN Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (696.615 KB) | DOI: 10.22373/t.v1i1.1365

Abstract

This article discusses about the role and position of women scholars in Bireuen and Aceh Besar district in order to see the progress and what areas could be run by women scholars and to look at some obstacles faced in carrying out that role. The goals are to obtain some important infor- mation about the presence of women scholars in both areas, with their certain characteristics. The method used in collecting data that is unstructured interviews with a number of women scholars and comparative study to identify some similar aspects and find the differences between the two districts as the basis of women scholars in Aceh. From the results of this study indicate that although the role and position of women clergy (ulama perempuan) has changed from year to year, but the recognition of the public still places men (Tgk agam) as the dominant figure of scholars in all fields. It is well understood as a social construction that apply fully in the two dis- tricts. Besides, for the women themselves do not have enough confidence to be called as "ulama perempuan". This condition in fact will affect the community recognition. Normally, some roles that are common done by ulama perempuan such as teaching, preaching, teaching rituals of Hajj and implementation burial (jenazah). Meanwhile, in the areas of writing and involved in religious organizations and political parties are still very seldom. It shown that the formation of ulama perempuan from the boarding itself, and the government even non-government parties still do not maximized. So it is needed some serious efforts through socialization and more at- tention later on.
PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN SARJANA SYARIAH DALAM MENGGELUTI PROFESI ADVOKAT PASCA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 18 TAHUN 2003 Muslim Zainuddin
PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH Vol 1 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : LKKI Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2327.432 KB) | DOI: 10.22373/petita.v1i1.82

Abstract

Before the establishment of Act Number 18 of 2003 on the Advocate, the graduates from faculty of Sharia were treated unequal in law profession instead of law faculty’s students. The establishment of Act Number 18 of 2003 on the Advocate give chances for sharia faculty’s graduate to professionally become advocate. However this chance has not significantly been used by sharia’s graduates. The figure showed in 2007 that only seven of sharia’s graduates became advocate. The hesitation of choosing advocate has been caused by unwilling to do a vows profession, and also unable to hear public censure. It is also caused by curriculum earned in sharia faculty has not been integrated with other legal professions. Financially, advocate incomes has no certainty in term of sustainability. In society perspective being a civil servant are more promising rather than an advocate. Thus the sharia advocate association (APSI) has significant role to promoting and motivating sharia’s graduate to become advocate. Abstrak. Sebelum disahkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2003 tentang Advokat, lulusan fakultas syariah diperlakukan diskriminatif daripada lulusan fakultas hukum. Setelah pemberlakuan Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2003 tentang Advokat memberi peluang alumni fakultas syariah untuk bergabung menjadi advokat. Peluang tersebut tidak dimanfaatkan dengan sebaik-baiknya, tapi masih disia-siakan oleh lulusan fakultas syariah. Pada tahun 2007 dari 1137 calon advokat hanya 7 orang yang berasal dari sarjana syariah. Keengganan memasuki dunia advokat dikarenakan tidak berani melaksanakan sumpah profesi advokat dan tidak sanggup menerima celaan dari masyarakat. Di samping itu kurikulum yang diajarkan di fakultas tidak terkoneksi dengan bantuan hukum lainnya. Secara finansial pendapatan advokat juga tidak menentu, ditambah lagi profesi sebagai pegawai negeri sipil lebih menjanjikan dalam opini masyarakat umumnya. Peran Asosiasi Pengacara Syariah Indonesia memiliki kontribusi besar dalam rangka menggalakkan lulusan fakultas syariah untuk memasuki profesi advokat serta memotivasi supaya tertarik bergabung ke dalam profesi ini. Kata Kunci: sarjana, syariah, advokat
Analisis Kepentingan Terbaik Bagi Anak dalam Hukum Jinayat Aceh Salman Abdul Muthalib; Mansari Mansari; Mahmuddin Mahmuddin; Muslim Zainuddin; Hasnul Arifin
Al-Mashlahah: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial Vol 9, No 02 (2021): Al-Mashlahah: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial Islam
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al Hidayah Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30868/am.v9i02.1621

Abstract

Qanun Jinayat tidak hanya diberlakukan bagi orang dewasa, bagi anak yang telah berumur 12 tahun dan belum sampai 18 tahun atau telah melangsungkan perkawinan dapat dikenakan sanksi jinayat bila melakukan pelanggaran ketentuan yang diatur dalam Qanun Aceh Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Hukum Jinayat. Kajian ini menganalisis secara komprehensif dengan metode kontens analisis ketentuan yang diatur dalam Qanun Hukum Jinayat berkaitan dengan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak. Kajian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan menjadi Qanun Hukum Jinayat sebagai bahan hukum primernya. Analisis data dilakukan kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Qanun Hukum Jinayat belum sepenuhnya mengakomodir kepentingan terbaik bagi anak. Aspek yang belum terakomodir yaitu: Pertama, penyelesaian anak berhadapan dengan jinayat menggunakan system peradilan pidana anak, adanya restitusi bagi korban pemerkosaan, independensi hakim dalam menjatuhkan ‘uqubat  ,’uqubat   Bagi Anak 1/3 dari Orang Dewasa, Hukuman Bagi Pelaku yang Korbannya Anak Lebih Tinggi, Anak Memungkinkan Dijatuhi ‘uqubat   Tindakan. Aspek yang belum mencerminkan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak meliputi, anak dapat memungkinkan dijatuhkan hukuman cambuk, batasa usia anak, restitusi harus diminta oleh korban pemerkosaan anak, hakim terikat pada Qanun Hukum Jinayat, adanya peluang bagi hakim menjatuhkan hukuman cambuk dalam kasus pelecehan seksual dan pemerkosaan.
Partisipasi Perempuan dalam Penyusunan Reusam Perlindungan Anak di Tingkat Gampong di Aceh Besar Mansari Mansari; Muslim Zainuddin
Kafa`ah: Journal of Gender Studies Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15548/jk.v9i1.218

Abstract

Women have a smaller part  of participation in creating creating gampong reusam (village rules) that regulate the children. The women participation is crucial in meeting the gender based role representation. This research aimed to know more about women mechanism and their participatio now  and the process how they are actively involved in formulating Gampong Reusam in Aceh Besar. The compilation was done by doing the deliberation in meunasah and balee (balai) by involving the social elements, especially in gampong, involves women and children figures. To  invite the woman, the committee uses loudspeaker in meunasah and delivered orally by Keuchik (the village leader). Involvement of women is usually done by invited by loudspeakers in meunasah and also delivered orally by Keuchik (Village Head). The presence of women has not been maximized in the attempt of preparing the reusam gampong because the arrangement is done at night, time to rest, keeping the children at home, the weather is not supporting because of the rain. The role of women in the village reusam has been represented in the context of the handling of children against the law.