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Abd Rahman As-syakur
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND GEOSCIENCES
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25498878     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/ijeg.2017.v01.i01
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science
International Journal of Environment and Geosciences (e-ISSN 2549-8878) is a peer-reviewed journal and an international scholarly refereed research journal which aims to promote the theory and practice of environmental sciences, geosciences, earth sciences, engineering and management. This journal presents original research articles, letters as well as review articles, publishes the latest achievements and developments in the field of environmental studies (abiotics, biotics and cultural/socials) and geosciences. All contributions shall be rigorously refereed and selecting on the basis of quality and originality of the work as well as the breadth of interest to readers. Accepted papers will immediately appear online.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Ilmu Lingkungan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 27 Documents
 1   2   3 
Effect of Fungal Inoculation to Resin Content on Gaharu Plants (Gyrinops Versteegii (Gilg.) Domke) I Made Mega; I Wayan Nuarsa
International Journal of Environment and Geosciences Vol 3 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Graduate Study of Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ijeg.2019.v03.i01.p02

Abstract

One of the commodities of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) is agarwood sapwood which has high economic value as an export commodity, as well as a good source of income for the community. Agarwood sapwood is an aromatic substance in the form of a lump that is found between wood cells in a variety of distinctive shapes and colors and has a resin content (mastic). Resin is a secondary metabolite compound produced by agarwood plants due to injury or infection by microbes. One of the microbes that infects the agarwood plant is a variety of fungi. This study aims to obtain a type of fungi that is effective in the formation of resin compounds in agarwood plants. This research is a field experiment with randomized block design. The treatments that experimented were mushroom inoculation, namely: J0 (without fungal inoculation), JF (Fusarium solani mushroom inoculation), JR (inoculation of Rhisopus sp), JT (inoculation of Trichoderma sp). Each treatment was repeated 4 times. Parameters observed were: sap color, sap smell, infection width and length, and resin content in sapwood (%). Data were analyzed statistically by variance test (ANOVA). If the treatment has a significant effect, followed by a BNT test at the level of 5%. The results showed that the treatment of fungi inoculation significantly affected the width of the infection and the sap content of sapwood, while the other parameters had no significant effect. The best treatment was obtained in JT (inoculation of mushroom Trichoderma sp.) with the results in the form of sap with: the color of the sap ranged from brown to blackish brown; fragrant aroma, infection length (2.39 cm) and infection width (1.11 cm), and resin content of 7.92%.
Microplastics Abundance and Characteristics in Mytilus spp. from Southwest Western Australia Urban Estuaries Saraswati, Ni Luh Gede Rai Ayu; Paterson, Harriet; Hovey, Renae
International Journal of Environment and Geosciences Vol 4 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Graduate Study of Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ijeg.2022.v04.i01.p01

Abstract

As global plastic production continuously increases, plastic waste is no doubt becoming an emerging threat to aquatic ecosystems. This condition has directly linked to the abundance of microplastics in the aquatic system, especially in the semi-enclosed system of estuary. This study aims to investigate the microplastics abundance and characteristics in sedentary filter feeder of Mytilus spp. inhabited urban estuaries of southwest Western Australia. Microplastics were detected in 69% of total individual sampled. The mean of microplastics was 1.31±1.26 items per invidual and 0.27±0.45 Items per mussels wet weight (gww). The most common microplastics types from all samples was films (51%), then followed by fibers (43%). Our results highlight that microplastics contamination is widespread across the Western Australia estuaries and has contaminated the sedentary organisms lived in the estuary, including Mytilus spp. This study was a pilot study and is considered to be the first study in Western Australia among similar studies on microplastics in mussels. A further study in developing standard methods and expanding the study area and sample size is important to be conducted. This will give more confirmation on using mussels (Mytilus spp.) for global microplastics biomonitoring. Keywords: Microplastics; Mussel; Mytilus spp.; Urban Estuary; Southwest Western Australia
List of Orchid Species along the Northern Trekking Route of Mount Binaiya, Seram Island, Maluku - Indonesia Wijaya, I Made Saka; Purnomo, Purnomo
International Journal of Environment and Geosciences Vol 5 No 1 (2024): International Journal of Environment and Geosciences
Publisher : Graduate Study of Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ijeg.2024.v05.i01.p03

Abstract

Orchidaceae is widely distributed on Earth with major distribution in the tropical regions, including Indonesia. Seram Island located in Maluku Province Indonesia has a high potential to become a habitat for various species of Australasian orchids. Orchid diversity tends to be related to altitude variations in the area that indirectly contribute to creating microclimate variations. One area on Seram Island with various variations in altitude is Mount Binaiya within the Manusela National Park area. This study aims to identify orchid species found on Mount Binaiya. The exploration method was used on the northern trekking route of Mount Binaiya, divided into Waisamata, Kanikeh, Waiansela, and Waihuhu areas. Based on the result, 47 species of orchids were obtained, which belong to the subfamilies Epidendroideae (35 species), Orchidoideae (11 species), and Vanilloideae (1 species). Based on the life form, 25 species were epiphytes, while 22 species were terrestrial orchids. Waisamata had the highest number of species (23 species), followed by Waiansela (14 species), Waihuhu (14 species), and Kanikeh (8 species). Of all these species, some that need further research are Corybas spp., Cyrtosia nana, Pterostylis papuana, Glomera papuana, and Mediocalcar pygmaeum. Some species are new records in their distribution or rediscoveries of existing records.
Monitoring Total Suspended Solid Distribution In Coastal Bali Area Using MODIS Satellite Data Ippah, Imro’atul; Osawa, Takahiro; Nuarsa, I Wayan
International Journal of Environment and Geosciences Vol 5 No 1 (2024): International Journal of Environment and Geosciences
Publisher : Graduate Study of Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ijeg.2024.v05.i01.p04

Abstract

Total Suspended Solid (TSS) is one important parameter for water quality. This research aims to analyze MODIS feasibility for identifying TSS, to identify TSS monthly patterns and annual patterns variability, and to analyze the TSS distribution patterns around Bali coastal area. Observation data of the wet season was observed in Benoa Bay on 2nd October 2013 and the dry season was observed in Perancak from July on 28th to July 31st, 2009. The comparison between observation data and satellite data was used to establish a new modification algorithm for suitable conditions around Bali coastal area. Based on research analysis, the feasibility of MODIS was different in each season. In the wet season, the coefficient correlation was (r) = 0.55 and in the dry season, it was (r) = 0.68. poor correlation in the wet season indicated the bottom effect of the area which has a shallow and heterogeneous depth. The TSS average in the wet season was 75.55 mg/l and 55.97 mg/l in the dry season. The highest value was analyzed in November (82.74 mg/l) and the lowest value in June (46.41 mg/l). During wet season, the stream volume and the stream flow rate increase and bring the TSS into coastal areas through the runoff process. The mapping patterns showed that the southern coastal area and western coastal area of Bali had a high value every month. The northern coastal had a high value only in the wet season. The characteristic of Bali river area, which is perennial and intermittent rivers caused this phenomenon. The population and Bali land-use area also affected the high TSS in these areas. Yearly patterns of TSS from 2009 to 2013 around Bali coastal areas were different every year. The highest TSS distribution observed in 2013 wet season is 87.75 mg/l. The lowest TSS distribution occurred in 2009 dry season with a value of 52.2 mg/l. The TSS tends to increase every year due to the changing in Bali land use. TSS patterns from 2009 to 2013 were dynamic every year. The El Nina and La Nino events also gave impact on the patterns. The MODIS feasibility in different locations was different depending on the characteristic of the physical property of water. The shallow and small area causes misinterpretation of the satellite reflectance. The TSS monthly patterns depended on the season and the mapping can be used to describe the sources of TSS pollution, the distribution, and the quantity of TSS in the coastal area.
Internal solitary waves observation and feature extraction based on wavelet transform by Sentinel-1A in Lombok Strait, Indonesia Chonnaniyah, Chonnaniyah; Osawa, Takahiro; Karang, I Wayan Gede Astawa
International Journal of Environment and Geosciences Vol 5 No 1 (2024): International Journal of Environment and Geosciences
Publisher : Graduate Study of Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ijeg.2024.v05.i01.p05

Abstract

Lombok Strait is an essential pathway in trans-oceanic water mass transport. Due to this water mass transport flowing over Indonesian waters, the current is known as Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), which plays a role in the transfer of warm water masses from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean annually. Lombok Strait has intensive characteristics of the internal waves (IWs) generation because of the strong current that passes through the complex bathymetry along the strait area. IWs with large amplitude and nonlinear properties are known as Internal Solitary Waves (ISW) that can be detected by Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. A Wavelet Transform method for ISW feature extraction was applied to SAR images by Sentinel-1A (C-band). ISW packet characteristics can be distinguished from other phenomena based on their geometrical structure and shape. ISW packet pattern consists of light and dark lines which decrease intensity from front to rear. SAR observation detected 5 parameters (phase speed, soliton numbers, wavelength, first crest length, and propagation direction). The arc-like ISW in the Lombok Strait propagated to the North of the sill with average phase speeds of about 2.13 m/s and was frequently detected during the northwest monsoon (NWM). The detected soliton number is less than 6 solitons per packet with a wavelength of about 1 – 4 km, and the first crest length varies from about 12.16 km to more than 100 km. ISW detected in Sentinel-1A images were located at the bathymetry about 800 meters around the Lombok Strait area.
Utilizing Multi-Temporal ALOS/PALSAR Backscatter Data to Detect Deforestation in the Indonesian Tropical Forest Partama, I GD Yudha; Ogawara, Kakuji
International Journal of Environment and Geosciences Vol 5 No 1 (2024): International Journal of Environment and Geosciences
Publisher : Graduate Study of Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ijeg.2024.v05.i01.p01

Abstract

Deforestation detection mapping has been analyzed using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data from the ALOS PALSAR satellite. SAR is a promising tool for deforestation mapping in tropical forest regions because microwave energy can penetrate clouds. This study examined the effect of SAR polarization on the accuracy of deforestation mapping and the seasonal variation of radar backscattering values in Riau Province, Indonesia. Image differencing was used to determine the threshold value for distinguishing between forest and non-forest areas. The difference between HV (horizontal transmit-vertical receive) and HH (horizontal transmit-horizontal receive) polarization was used as the discriminant variable. The correlation between radar backscattering value and accumulated rainfall was also analyzed to assess the effect of seasonal change. The findings demonstrated that the accuracy of deforestation detection mapping using HV polarization outperforms that achieved with HH polarization. Moreover, seasonal variations in rainfall were observed to influence radar backscatter signatures in bare soil, acacia, and oil palm, though no such influence was detected in forested areas. The accuracy of deforestation detection mapping, employing the thresholding method, reached a rate of 92.21%. During the period from November 2007 to July 2009, forested areas in Riau experienced a reduction, decreasing to 6.77%, and further decreasing to 6.08% by October 2010.
Assessing lake shoreline change and prediction for 2030 by physical drivers: A Case Study from Lake Batur, Batur UNESCO Global Geopark, Bali Utama, I Putu Wira; Arthana, I Wayan; Nuarsa, I Wayan
International Journal of Environment and Geosciences Vol 5 No 1 (2024): International Journal of Environment and Geosciences
Publisher : Graduate Study of Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ijeg.2024.v05.i01.p02

Abstract

Over ten years, the water level of Lake Batur has increased. Agriculture area and settlements around Lake Batur are threatened by rising water level. This study aims to analyze the shoreline change of Lake Batur, located in the Batur UNESCO Global Geopark (BUGG), during the period of 2007 – 2018 and design a prediction for 2030. Understanding the shoreline change is very important for lake management and planning. Shoreline changes were analyzed in Geographic Information System (GIS) application. The data were obtained based on Remote Sensing (RS) data, Landsat ETM+ imagery on September 24, 2007, and Landsat OLI imagery on October 24th, 2018. Predictions of lake shoreline in 2030 result from modelling by integrating ASTER-GDEM V2 data, lake water level data for 2007–2018, annual average rainfall data for 2007–2018, and bathymetry data for 2013 and 2015. The results of the satellite imagery analysis show that there has been a change in the length of the shoreline, which has increased from 20.47 km in 2007 to 21.28 km (3.96%) in 2018. The lake surface area changed from 15.34 km2 in 2007 to 16.16 km2 in 2018 (5.35%). The prediction of lake shoreline changes in 2030 showed that Lake Batur will increase to 26.90 km (26.41%), and lake surface area is predicted to increase by 17.67 km2 (9.34%) from 2018. This is because of the morphological change of Lake Bottom.

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