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G-Tech : Jurnal Teknologi Terapan
Published by Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat Malang
ISSN : 25808737     EISSN : 2623064X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Energy Engineering
Jurnal G-Tech bertujuan untuk mempublikasikan hasil penelitian asli dan review hasil penelitian tentang teknologi dan terapan pada ruang lingkup keteknikan meliputi teknik mesin, teknik elektro, teknik informatika, sistem informasi, agroteknologi, dll.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 984 Documents
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Comparative Study of the Mechanical Performance of SKD-11, SKD-61, and ST-41 Steels for Brake Handle Mold Design Using Finite Element Analysis Reson Wibowo; Nurjaya Nurjaya; Muhammad Aldi Hartadi; Jaja Miharja; Agus Bayu Utama; Ruhama Sidqy
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 3 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 3 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i3.9760

Abstract

This study investigates the mechanical performance of SKD-11, SKD-61, and ST-41 steels for brake handle mold applications using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The increasing demand for durable and reliable mold materials in automotive manufacturing requires accurate evaluation methods to determine the most suitable steel material. However, comparative studies evaluating industrial steels under identical loading conditions remain limited. The research employed a numerical simulation approach using three-dimensional CAD modeling and static structural analysis. Material properties including Young’s modulus, yield strength, and Poisson’s ratio were assigned to each material. A load of 72,000 N, generated from a pressure of 9 bar acting on a surface area of 0.08 m², was applied to the brake handle mold model. Stress distribution, strain behavior, and safety factor were evaluated for each material.The simulation results indicate that all materials experienced similar stress values due to identical geometry and loading conditions. SKD-11 produced the highest safety factor of 3.05, followed by ST-41 with 2.80, while SKD-61 showed the lowest safety factor of 1.50. The strain values remained within the elastic region for all materials. The findings demonstrate that SKD-11 provides the best structural reliability and mechanical performance for brake handle mold applications. This study confirms that Finite Element Analysis is an effective approach for evaluating material selection in industrial mold design.
Effect of CMC Concentration from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Tapioca Starch Ratio on Biodegradable Adhesive Properties Elnis Seftiani Gaho; M. Prasanto Bimantio
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 3 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 3 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i3.9795

Abstract

This study examines the use of empty oil palm bunch waste (EFB) as a raw material for Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) for the development of biomass-based biodegradable adhesive. The novelty of this research lies in the application of EFB-derived CMC combined with tapioca starch as a biodegradable adhesive system that remains underexplored in bioadhesive development. The study used a randomized complete block design of two factors, namely the concentration of CMC (1%, 2%, and 3%) and the ratio of tapioca starch (6 g, 12 g, and 18 g). The parameters tested include viscosity, pH, adhesion, and drying time. The results showed that the concentration of CMC and tapioca starch had a significant effect on viscosity, adhesion, and sdrying time, but had no effect on pH. Increasing tapioca starch and CMC concentrations increased viscosity and adhesion through the formation of amylose–amylopectin gel network and hydrogen bond interactions with CMC, but slow down drying time due to increased water retention in the gel matrixThe best treatment was obtained in the C3P3 combination which produces the highest viscosity and adhesion values. This study confirms that EFB has the potential to be used as a raw material for CMC to produce biodegradable adhesive that is more environmentally friendly than synthetic adhesives and provides added value to palm oil industry waste.
Effect of Storage Temperature and Oil Palm Leaf Ethanol Extract (OPLEE) on Shelf Life of PKO and VCO Body Lotion Hasgita Hasgita; Arya Wiranata; Jechonias Mongarisson; Dina Mardhatilah
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 3 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 3 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i3.9801

Abstract

Body lotions based on Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) and Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) are susceptible to oxidation which can cause tarnishness, changes in smell and color, as well as decreased physical and chemical stability of the product. The addition of natural antioxidants such as oil palm leaf ethanol extract (OPLEE) is one of the efforts to increase this stability. This study used a two-factor design, namely OPLEE concentration (1.5%; 2%; 2.5%) and storage temperature (4°C, 25°C, 40°C) for 35 days. The results showed that the preparations remained homogeneous at 4°C and 25°C, but experienced phase separation at 40°C from day 28. The pH value tends to increase during storage with the best stability at the C treatment with the lowest slope of 0.0191-0.0371. Antioxidant activity decreased, with treatment B showing the best stability at the lowest slope value of 0.1646-0.8123, while the peroxide value increased with the increase in temperature with the lowest slope value at high temperature of 0.0971. The results of ANOVA's Repeated Measures analysis  showed that the pH, antioxidant activity, and peroxide value changed significantly (p<0.05), while the physical parameters were relatively stable. Overall, the low storage temperature (4°C) and OPLEE concentration of 2.5% (B) provide the best stability in maintaining the quality of the body lotion during storage. Therefore, OPLEE as a natural antioxidant in cosmetic formulations can be an alternative active ingredient that supports the development of more stable and value-added body lotion products.
Development of Sunscreen Lotion from PKO–VCO with Surfactant Variation and Combined TiO₂ and Palm Leaf Ethanol Extract Actives Khansa Jihan Safitri; Wydia Soffiyah; Alda Nathasya; Reni Astuti Widyowanti
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 3 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 3 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i3.9802

Abstract

High exposure to ultraviolet radiation in the tropics increases the risk of skin damage, making it necessary to develop an effective and stable sunscreen lotion. This study aimed to analyze the effects of Tween 80:cetyl alcohol surfactant combinations and combined active ingredients of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and palm leaf ethanol extract on the physical characteristics and functional activity of PKO- and VCO-based lotions. The study employed a 3×3 factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications, resulting in 18 treatment combinations consisting of variations in surfactant ratios and active ingredient concentrations. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The parameters evaluated included viscosity, pH, specific gravity, homogeneity, organoleptic properties, SPF value, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The results showed that surfactants significantly affected viscosity, pH, and specific gravity, while active ingredients significantly influenced SPF value and antioxidant activity. The highest SPF value was obtained in treatment A3B2 with a value of 4.30, which was categorized as minimal protection according to the FDA sunscreen classification, while the highest and lowest antioxidant activities were 95.51% and 87.97%, respectively. All formulations showed good homogeneity and pH values suitable for skin application. Overall, the optimum formulation combination produced lotion with good physical stability, high antioxidant activity, and potential to be developed as a natural sunscreen.
Effect of CMC Concentration Based on Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Chitosan Addition on Edible Coating Characteristics on Strawberries Amelia Rachmawati; Frisnov Andyko; Echa Julia Putri; Ngatirah Ngatirah
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 3 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 3 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i3.9803

Abstract

Strawberries are a fruit that is prone to post-harvest damage because it has a high moisture content and soft tissue structure. Carboxymethyl cellulose-based edible coatings from the fibers of empty bunches of oil palm and chitosan have the potential to maintain the quality of strawberries during storage. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in CMC concentration based on Empty Oil Palm Bunches and chitosan on the edible coating characteristics and the quality of strawberries. The study used a factorial experiment design consisting of CMC concentration (1%, 1.5%, and 2%) and chitosan concentration (1%, 2%, and 3%) with two replications. The observed parameters included viscosity, pH, weight loss, discoloration, and organoleptic properties. The data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the Duncan test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the increase in CMC and chitosan concentrations had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the increase in viscosity, with values ranging from 6.05–47.01 cP. The pH value ranges from 5.17–5.48 which indicates that the coating solution is relatively stable. The lowest weight loss was obtained in the 2% CMC treatment with an average value of 24.85%. Organoleptic tests showed that color and texture had a real effect, while the scent did not differ noticeably. The best treatment combination was obtained at the concentration of CMC 1.5% and chitosan 2% because it was able to provide the best edible coating characteristics and strawberry quality during storage.
Multi-Scenario Preprocessing Analysis for Indonesian Spice Image Classification: A Comparative Study Using VGG16, MobileNetV3, and YOLOv11 Eric Ariyanto; Ema Utami
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 3 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 3 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i3.9849

Abstract

Indonesian spice identification is challenging due to high inter-class visual similarity among rhizome species, yet the systematic impact of image preprocessing on classification performance remains underexplored. This study evaluates three preprocessing techniques (CLAHE, Background Removal, and Data Augmentation) arranged in eight factorial schemes across three architectures (VGG16, MobileNetV3-Large, and YOLOv11-cls), comprising 72 training runs on an 856-image four-class dataset, with Macro-F1 on stratified 80/10/10 splits as the primary metric. Data Augmentation alone (scheme S4) produced the most consistent gain, with VGG16 reaching 93.80% Macro-F1. The full pipeline degraded performance across all architectures because CLAHE and Background Removal interact antagonistically, refuting the assumption that preprocessing effects are additive. Externally defined augmentation was also found to be silently bypassed by the Ultralytics framework. All five primary findings replicated on an independent seven-class dataset using 5-fold cross-validation, and Background Removal proved beneficial only for large, high-contrast objects. The study establishes an empirical preprocessing benchmark and practical deployment guidance for spice recognition.
Comparative Analysis of Electrical Performance of 50 WP Monocrystalline and Polycrystalline Solar Panels in Balikpapan Ryan Effendi; Ahmad Zaki Syahwaludin; Gunawan Gunawan
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 3 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 3 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i3.9920

Abstract

The increasing demand for electrical energy, coupled with the depletion of fossil fuel resources and environmental concerns, has driven the need for renewable energy development. Solar energy, as one of the most abundant renewable resources in Indonesia, offers significant potential for sustainable electricity generation. This study aims to analyze and compare the electrical performance of 50 WP monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panels in terms of voltage, current, power output, light intensity, and efficiency. The research was conducted experimentally on the rooftop of Universitas Balikpapan under clear weather conditions. Data were collected every 15 minutes from 09:00 to 13:00 WITA over several days. The measured parameters included solar irradiance, output voltage, output current, and power generation. The efficiency of each panel type was calculated based on the ratio of output power to input solar power. The results indicate that monocrystalline solar panels consistently produce higher efficiency and power output compared to polycrystalline panels under similar conditions. The findings of this study provide useful insights for selecting appropriate solar panel types for optimal energy generation in tropical regions such as Balikpapan.
Comparing FAQ-Based and Retrieval-Augmented Generation Chatbots for Academic Service Question Answering Suherwin Suherwin; Moh. Zainuddin; Rachmat Rachmat
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 3 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 3 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i3.10019

Abstract

Academic service units need question-answering systems that respond quickly while remaining aligned with institutional regulations. This study provides a controlled, deployment-oriented comparison of a lightweight FAQ chatbot and a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) chatbot for academic-service question answering. The novelty lies in evaluating both prototypes against the same version-controlled official-document scope, the same 60-question dataset, category-level service cases, paired statistical tests, inter-rater reliability, and RAGAS retrieval-quality metrics. The questions covered registration, KRS/KHS, schedules, tuition payment, thesis or final project, and administrative letters. Three validators assessed accuracy, relevance, response effectiveness, and response time using official documents as the reference standard. RAG achieved 88.33% accuracy, a mean relevance score of 4.48/5, and 86.67% response effectiveness; FAQ achieved 68.33%, 3.46/5, and 65.00%, respectively. Paired tests confirmed significant advantages for RAG in accuracy, relevance, and effectiveness, while FAQ was significantly faster (0.62 s vs 2.41 s). RAGAS evaluation showed context precision of 0.86, context recall of 0.82, faithfulness of 0.89, and answer relevancy of 0.91. The findings support a cautious hybrid strategy: FAQ for stable repetitive requests and RAG for contextual, document-dependent questions, subject to broader testing with live queries and stronger retrieval baselines.
Integrating Boolean Logic-Based Feature Representation and Artificial Neural Networks for Digital Divide Level Classification in Online Learning Imalatul Hidayah; Ririen Kusumawati; Mochamad Imamudin; Zainal Abidin
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 3 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 3 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i3.10060

Abstract

Digital divide remains a major challenge in online learning, affecting students’ ability to access and benefit from digital education. While previous studies have primarily focused on first-level digital divide factors or employed machine learning models using raw input variables, limited research has explored the integration of logical feature engineering and artificial intelligence to model the multidimensional nature of digital divide. This study proposes a hybrid classification framework that combines Boolean Logic-based feature engineering and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for digital divide classification in online learning. The proposed framework utilizes four variables, namely Primary Device, Internet Stability, Equity Score, and Accessibility Score. Boolean Logic operations (AND, OR, and XOR) were applied to generate additional logical representations of digital access conditions before the ANN classification process. Data were collected from 324 student respondents participating in online learning. The model was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. Experimental results demonstrate that the optimized ANN model achieved 93% accuracy, 93% weighted precision, 93% weighted recall, and 93% weighted F1-score. Comparative analysis revealed that Boolean Logic features contributed additional logical representations of digital access patterns, although their impact on predictive performance was not consistently significant. The findings highlight that digital divide should be viewed as a multidimensional phenomenon and demonstrate the potential of ANN based predictive modeling to support data-driven digital inclusion strategies in education.
Comparison of JSON and MessagePack Serialization Performance on End-to-end latency over HTTP Protocol Muhammad Ilham Dzurinadib; Muhamat Maariful Huda; Tito Prabowo
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 3 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 3 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i3.10072

Abstract

The increasing use of HTTP-based communication in modern service-oriented systems requires efficient data serialization formats to reduce communication latency and transmission overhead. This study compares the performance of JSON and MessagePack serialization formats in HTTP communication using the Go programming language. Performance was evaluated using synthetic datasets containing 10, 100, 1000, and 5000 records. The measured parameters included payload size, encoding latency, decoding latency, and End-to-end latency. The results show that MessagePack consistently outperformed JSON across all evaluated metrics. For the largest dataset containing 5000 records, MessagePack reduced End-to-end latency from 13.269 ms to 3.894 ms and generated a smaller payload size (335.87 KB) than JSON (350.53 KB). The performance advantage became more pronounced as the dataset size increased, particularly in decoding and End-to-end latency processes. These findings indicate that MessagePack is an efficient alternative to JSON for HTTP-based communication systems requiring low latency, bandwidth efficiency, and high-performance data exchange.

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