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CORD
Published by International Coconut Community
ISSN : 02151162     EISSN : 27218856     DOI : 10.37833/cord
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Library & Information Science
Aims CORD aims to publish original research results and reviews on research and development. While encouraging those involved in research and developments to disseminate their finding it also assists policy makers and planners to be aware of the latest developments in the sector Scope CORD encompasses a broad range of research topics in animal sciences: seedlings and genetics, farming, harvesting, production, health, biotechnology, and production, socio-economic, and policy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 390 Documents
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AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER DEMAND FOR COCONUTS IN SRI LANKA S. R. Samarajeewa
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 18 No 02 (2002): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v18i02.357

Abstract

This study analyses the domestic demand for coconuts in Sri Lanka using a single equation econometric model. The domestic coconut consumption accounts 70 percent of the total annual nut production in Sri Lanka. Being an essential commodity for household use, the coconuts form a stable domestic market out-let for producers as well. The results of the study reveals that the retail price of coconuts and per capita consumer income are significant variables that determine the quantity of coconut demand in Sri Lanka. There is a significant negative trend in per capita consumption of coconuts over time, indicating a declining tastes and preferences by the consumer. However, the changes in consumer demand for coconuts to the changes in retail prices are less responsive as indicated by the lower own price elasticity value of –0.11. The income elasticity of coconut demand is 0.38 and it is inelastic too.
BIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF DIVERSITY IN PACIFIC OCEAN COCONUT POPULATIONS M.J. Ratnambal; V. Arunachalam; Augustin Jerard B.; Sarankumar Rizwal; V.Damodaran
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 18 No 02 (2002): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v18i02.358

Abstract

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is an important perennial multi-purpose palm commonly grown in humid tropics. The crop belongs to the monotypic genus Cocos having 2n=2x=32 chromosomes. The crop supports millions of resource poor farm families in islands and coastal ecosystems. Genetic improvement of coconut palm is in progress in many research stations for improving yield and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. Knowledge of genetic divergence of the crop is helpful in improvement of the crop. Pacific islands are supposed to contain wild forms and rich diversity of coconut. Genetic divergence studies were carried out using morphological, fruit component characters by many workers. Sugimura et al., (1997) analysed the diversity of 39 accessions of coconut as three major groups typica, nana and javanica using agronomic and botanical traits. Nana was found to be an aggregate group, which was far distant from typica. But, javanica was found to be an intermediate type.
CHLOROPLAST DNA VARIATION IN COCONUT IS OPPOSITE TO ITS NUCLEAR DNA VARIATION Lalith Perera
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 18 No 02 (2002): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v18i02.359

Abstract

The pattern of world distribution of two major fruit morphotypes of coconuts has led to development of theories on origin, domestication and dissemination of coconut. Results of recent nuclear DNA analyses are in agreement with these theories with several other new insights. Compared to the plant nuclear genome however, the plant organelle genomes, the chloroplast genome and the mitochondrial genome are highly conserved and are maternally inherited in most angiosperms. Therefore, most useful information have come from regions of DNA located in organelle genome for studying phylogeny in angiosperms and for deducing historical information and evolutionary history of populations such as past migration routes and colonization dynamics. This study was aimed to determine the feasibility of developing polymorphic cytoplasmic markers, particularly the chloroplast markers. Chloroplast DNA variation of coconut from all coconut growing regions in the world assessed by both restriction digestions and physical separation of PCR products obtained with universal primers, by chloroplast microsatellites and by sequencing showed no variation. This tends to suggest that coconut may have gone through a severe cytoplasmic bottleneck and only one chloroplast type may have participated in the colonization process.
INFLUENCE OF DRIP IRRIGATION ON GROWTH, NUT CHARACTERS AND YIELD OF COCONUT IN LITTORAL SANDY SOIL R. Dhanapal; H.P. Maheswarappa; P. Subramanian
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 18 No 02 (2002): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v18i02.360

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, India for six years (1993-1999) to study the impact of drip irrigation levels and mulching on coconut in littoral sandy soil. The treatments consisted of three levels of drip irrigation (66, 100, and 133 % of open pan evaporation (E0)) along with basin irrigation (100 % of E0) and rainfed control as main plot treatments and mulching with coconut leaves and no mulching as sub plot treatments. The experimental results revealed that annual leaf production and leaf nutrient status of coconut was better in the irrigated treatments compared to the rainfed control. The drip irrigation at 66 per cent of E0 (27 litres of water per palm per day during December-January months and 32 litres of water per palm per day during February-May months) resulted in water saving and the nut yield was on par with 100 per cent and 133 per cent of E0 through drip and 100 per cent of E0 through basin irrigation and differed significantly compared to rainfed control. The nut characters like nut weight, husk weight, copra thickness, copra content and copra yield was superior under irrigated treatments compared to rainfed control. The copra yield was 499 kg per ha under rainfed condition, where as it was 2087 to 2202 kg per ha under irrigated treatments. Irrigation along with mulching with coconut leaves resulted in significantly higher nut yields.
LEAF GAS EXCHANGE IN TWO DWARF COCONUT GENOTYPES IN THE SOUTHEAST OF BAHIA STATE, BRAZIL. Gomes, F.P.; Mielke, M.S.; Almeida, A. F.; Muniz, W. S.
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 18 No 02 (2002): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v18i02.362

Abstract

Net photosynthetic (A) and leaf transpiration (E) rates and stomatal conductance to water vapour (gs) of Malayan Yellow Dwarf (MYD) and Brazilian Green Dwarf (BGD) coconut accessions (Cocos nucifera var. ‘nana’ L.) were studied and discussed in terms of the technical aspects related to light-response curves in field conditions. Measurements of gas exchange were performed during four days, in April and may 2000, at the Cocoa Research Center Experimental Station (Una - BA, Brazil). The A, gs and E parameters were significantly (P < 0.05) different between the two genotypes. The mean maximum values of A, gs and E were 10.4 and 12.0 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1, 0.21 and 0.35 mol H2O m-2 s-1 and 3.07 and 3.69 mmol m-2 s-1 for MYD and BGD, respectively. For both genotypes a good fitting of the light-response curve models were obtained, indicating that A and gs were dependent of the photosynthetically active radiation incident on leaf surface (Qi), in spite of high genotipic variation. Interesting results were achieved when an empirical multiplicative model was used. The model relating A or gs with Qi and with leaf-to-air water vapour pressure deficit inside the chamber (VPDL) was tested for both genotypes and showed a negative influence of the latter on the stomatal behavior and consequently on A. Such effect was more pronounced in BGD than in MYD. These and others relationships involving leaf gas exchange and microclimatic variables in coconut palm trees are discussed
ACHIEVING COCONUT SUPPLY RELIABILITY THROUGH RESEARCH-BASED CROP NUTRITION MANAGEMENT OF COCONUT FARMS IN THE PHILIPPINES Severino S. Magat, PhD
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 19 No 01 (2003): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v19i01.363

Abstract

A critical review of the PCA’s extensive R & D findings, and field-extension experience, particularly, the Small Coconut Farms Development Project or SCFDP (1990 - 1998) was done. The analysis revealed several key points relevant to pursue a sustained coconut rehabilitation of 750,000 hectares (ha.) @ a 5-year cycle in the wet and intermediate growing zones with judicious fertilization (crop nutrition management). These major points are: (1) at least 2 million (M) ha of current stands of coconut ( more than 95 % local tall varieties) have been suffering from widespread multi-deficiency of plant nutrients such as nitrogen, chloride, sulfur, potassium, phosphorus and micronutrients like boron, zinc and copper; (2) as such, this is a major growth and yield-limiting factor that limits the average annual coconut productivity (40 nuts tree or 1 ton copra/ha); (3) the average performance (1992-95) of the SCFDP farms showed that coconut productivity increased to 91 nuts/tree (from 35 nuts) or to 3.01 tons copra/ha (from only 0.94) after at least 3 years of regular annual application of fertilizers; in 1998 ( post-rehabilitation of 3 years) yields dropped to 70 nuts/tree or 2.21 copra/ha; (4) onwards to year 2010, without management, these SCFDP farms are predicted to further drop to 25.9 nuts/tree ( 0.70 ton copra/ha/yr), based on the estimate 8-9% annual reduction rate of yield; and (5) apparently, nationwide, the SCFDP experience had shown that the soil nutrient-poor coconut farms are only capable of producing only about 1/3 of its achievable yield of 85 – 120 nuts/tree ( 2 –3 tons copra/ha), annually.
COCONUT MITE, (Aceria guerreronis, Keifer) – Bibliography Ponniah Rethinam; Muhartoyo
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 19 No 01 (2003): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v19i01.364

Abstract

Coconut mite, Aceria guerreronis, Keifer, which made its first appearance as pest in Mexico in 1965 as reported by Keifer, has spread far and wide. Now that 37 years have passed. Research efforts have been made on various aspects of this pest like, origin, occurrence, dispersal, symptoms, population dynamics, management practices like chemical control, bio control, cultural practices, varietal resistance/ tolerances, natural enemies, phytosanitary efforts etc. Two international seminars/ workshops have been held. Many group discussions, steering committee meetings, etc. were also held. Lots of publications have come. An earnest attempt has been made to collect the available literature on this pest which can benefit the member countries and others to know what has been done and what directions one has to move for future research and development. However, this bibliography is not the completed one. There may be many more and we will update as and when we get access to those references. We are confident that this bibliography will help to avoid duplication and take up need based research and development on Eriophyid mite.
CURATIVE AND PROPHYLACTIC CONTROL OF FUNGAL LEAF ROT COMPLEX IN ROOT (WILT) AFFECTED COCONUT PALMS IN INDIA N. Srinivasan; M. Gunasekaran
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 19 No 01 (2003): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v19i01.365

Abstract

Root wilt disease (RWD) is a debilitating malady of coconut in India that is caused by phytoplasma. In RWD affected palms, leaf rot disease (LRD) is commonly superimposed. The LRD is due to fungi and this leaf rot phase forms an integral part of RWD complex. Control of LRD is important as it severely disfigures the palm and brings about rapid deterioration in its health and productivity. Control trial involving Phytosanitation of young leaves, pouring of broad spectrum - systemic fungicide, Contaf 5 E (Hexaconazole 5% EC) into the axil of spindle leaf besides a number of other measures was conducted to study their ameliorating effect on LRD. Prophylactic control trial, especially with the broad-spectrum fungicides was also conducted. Pouring of Contaf into the axil of spindles along with phytosanitory measures on the spindle and other young leaves significantly reduced the incidence of LRD in newly emerging spindles effecting cure. Application of the fungicide on RWD palms prior to the onset of LRD, offered prophylactic protection to emerging leaves against LRD. Relevance of practising integrated control measures, cure of LRD at an early stage itself, the need for strict adoption of crop management technology etc. for effective disease control are highlighted here.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF COCONUT EMBRYO CULTURE EXPERIMENTS Anitha Karun; K. Muralidharan; K. K. Sajini; V.A. Parthasarathy
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 19 No 01 (2003): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v19i01.366

Abstract

The experimental design and data analysis procedures followed for standardizing the CPCRI protocol of coconut zygotic embryo culture are described. The availability of human resources (for initiating the cultures as well as periodic sub-culturing), laboratory space for maintaining culture, infrastructure for preparation of adequate culture media etc, are the important factors to be considered at the planning stage. Since the response of interest per experimental unit is discrete (germinated or not), it is desired to have a “plot size” of 20. Based on the experimental errors obtained for various treatments, attempts were made to obtain the replication size for a specified value of treatment difference to be tested. In most of the experiments, per cent germination was not following the assumption of ANOVA , even after transformation. In such situation, the chi-square test was employed to study the influence of treatments on germination. The coefficient of variation in most of the experiments was below 20 %.
FARMERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON EXPANSION OF A NEW TECHNOLOGY: THE CASE OF COCONUT-BASED INTERCROPPING IN SRI LANKA M.T.N. Fernando; M.E. Daw; I.E. Edwards
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 19 No 01 (2003): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37833/cord.v19i01.367

Abstract

Monocropping, the widely practiced traditional coconut cultivation system in Sri Lanka, utilizes bio-physical resources sub optimally, generating low returns to growers than its potential under an intensive cultivation alternative, coconut-based intercropping (CBI). Despite concerted efforts of successive governments, the adoption of CBI systems by farmers is low. This study investigates the farmers' perceptions of CBI on the premise that the understanding of farmers’ perceptions of a new technology is important to identify the causes for the low adoption of that technology. Data were gathered by a field survey of 113 and 37 intercroppers and monocroppers respectively, in three main coconut-growing districts, namely Kurunegala, Gampaha and Puttalam, using a structured questionnaire supplemented with open-ended questions, through a single visit. Percentage analysis supplemented with a simple scoring device was employed to analyze the farmer's perceptions of CBI. Intercroppers objectives of intercropping, the constraints they face in expanding intercropping, reasons for non-adoption of CBI by present monocroppers and the suggestions of present intercroppers to further expand the CBI, all in the order of importance, are presented.

Page 17 of 39 | Total Record : 390

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