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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim
Published by Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya lahan Pertanian
ISSN : 14107244     EISSN : 27227723     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jti.v44n1.2020.19-29
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal TANAH dan IKLIM memuat hasil-hasil penelitian bidang tanah dan iklim dari para peneliti baik dari dalam maupun dari luar Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Jurnal ini juga dapat memuat informasi singkat yang berisi tulisan mengenai teknik dan peralatan baru ataupun hasil sementara penelitian tanah dan iklim.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "No 30 (2009): Desember 2009" : 7 Documents clear
POTASSIUM SOIL TEST CALIBRATION FOR CORN ON TYPIC HAPLUDOX CIGUDEG SUBIKSA, I GUSTI MADE; SABIHAM, SUPIYANDI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 30 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n30.2009.%p

Abstract

Soil testing calibration is a process to provide meaning of soil test value in term of crops response. Research on soil testing calibration for corn has been carried out on Typic Hapludox Cigudeg. The objectives were: 1) to determine critical point of soil test value of K, 2) to determine the application rate of K fertilizer recommendation. The split plot design was used with consisted five rate of K fertilization on three K soil status as the main plots. There were four K soil test methods assessed to determine the critical point value for corn. K availability was classified into three categories namely low, medium, and high class. The results revealed that critical value of four soil testing methods for low, medium, and high respectively were : HCl 25% (<14, 14-29, and >29 mg 100 g-1), NH4OAc pH 7(<84 ppm, 84-220 ppm, and >220 ppm), Morgan (<70 ppm, 70-180 ppm, and >180 ppm), and Mechlich I (<54 ppm, 54-135 ppm, and >135 ppm). K fertilization significantly affected to corn plant height in the low soil K status until the rate of 60 kg K ha-1 (116 kg KCl ha-1). Dry biomass significantly increased due to K fertilization on low, medium as well as high soil K status. K fertilization also improved corn grain production. The ears of corn could not develop without K fertilization. This was an evidence that K nutrient has an important role in enzyme activity and assimilate translocation. Even with low rate of K fertilization, corn has succeeded to form ears and kernels. In the low soil K status, K fertilization sharply increased dry grain, but in the medium soil K status the curve was gentler. Whereas in the high soil K status, K fertilization did not significantly affect the dry grain yield. The recommended application rate of K fertilizationfor corn on Typic Hapludox Cigudeg with low K status was 89 kg K ha-1 and in the medium status was 53 kg K ha-1. Whereas in the high soil K status, no K fertilization was needed.
Characteristic Differences of Tidal Swamp Rice Varieties towards Methane (CH4) Emission on Peat Soil H.L SUSILOWATI; PRIHASTO SETYANTO; R KARTIKAWATI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 30 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n30.2009.%p

Abstract

Expanding the rice field area into marginal land such as peat soil could possibly obtain significant increase on greenhouse gas (GHG’s) emission. Peat soil contained large amount of organic matter. The utilization of peat soil for rice field needs pH > 3. The changes of pH will enhance the microbiology activities that produce methane (CH4). Anaerobic condition could potentially released high CH4 emission. Rice plants have beenreported to affect CH4 emission almost 90% from rice fields. Theobjective of this study is to determine the effect of characteristic differences of tidal swamp rice varieties towards CH4 emission on peat soil. A field experiment was conducted at Research Station of Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Jakenan, Pati, Central Java, in 2006. Randomized complete design with three replications method was used to analyze four varieties of tidal swamp rice (Punggur, Tenggulang, Banyuasin, and Batanghari). 12 microplots with each has a dimension of 1.5 m x 1.5 m x 1 m were filled with peat soil from South Kalimantan. Statistical analysis of the experimental data on plant parameters were accomplished using analysis of variance (Anova). Regression and correlation analysis were also used to determine the relationship between plant parameters effected on CH4 flux. The results showed that there were significant relationship between the plant biomass, root biomass, plant tiller, plant height, and CH4 flux at 1% level of test. The relationshipbetween plant height of developed tillers were related to the proportional enhanced continuity of aerenchyma channels with the increasing plant height of rice cultivar. The CH4 emission of Punggur, Banyuasin, Tenggulang dan Batanghari were 183.01, 179.2, 124.1, and 104.0 kg ha-1, respectively. Batanghari was recomended best for transplanting under peat soil compared with others because of lower CH4 emission and no differences in grain yield. The easy way to mitigate CH4 emission from peat soil is transplanted of Batanghari.
Changes of Soil Aggregate on Degraded Jasinga Ultisols by Soil Tillage and Organic Matter Practices NENENG LAILA NURIDA; UNDANG KURNIA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 30 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n30.2009.%p

Abstract

Soil aggregate is soil characteristics which is sensitive to change due to soil tillage. Organic matter practices and soil tillage difference have an important role in determining the quality and quantity of soil aggregate. The objective of this research is to study the quality changes of soil aggregation on Ultisols Jasinga degraded by various soil tillage and organic matter practices. This research was carried out at Jasinga Village, Jasinga Sub District, Bogor District in 2003 planting season (PS). The randomized block design with three replications was used. The Main plot was artificial desurfacing which consisted of three treatments, i.e: non-artificial desurfacing, 5 cm depth of artificial desurfacing, and10 cm depth of artificial desurfacing, whereas sub plot treatments were soil tillage and soil rehabilitation with Mucuna sp. (tillage+Mucuna sp.), no soil tillage and without rehabilitation (no tillage without Mucuna sp.), soil tillage without rehabilitation (tillage without Mucuna sp.), and no soil tillage with rehabilitation (no tillage+Mucuna sp.). The result of this research showed that periodic application of fresh organic matters was able to maintain the quality of macroaggregate on eroded soil (0.36-15.47 cm). Minimum soil tillage application and continuos organic matter practices (>21 t ha-1 year-1) are soil conservation technique that has been able to maintain soil aggregate, even without rehabilitation with Mucuna sp. Various organic matters (Mucuna sp., plant waste, and flemingia) are needed to be applied periodically to maintain the quality of soil aggregate.
THE USE OF CLIMATE INFORMATION FOR DEVELOPING EARLY WARNING SYSTEM TO BROWN PLANT HOPPER ATTACK ON PADDIES SUSANTI, ERNI; RAMADHANI, F.; JUNE, T.; AMIEN, L.I
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 30 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n30.2009.%p

Abstract

Crop pests and diseases are limiting factors in determining crops production. Brown Plant Hopper/BPH (Nilaparvata lugens) is the major crop pests and diseases for rice in Asia since 1970?s. The presence of BPH is depending upon several conditions covering pathogenic characteristics, carriers, physical environment (rainfall, temperature, humidity etc.) and biotic environment (natural enemy, competitor organisms). BPH growth is very fast delivering huge amount of eggs, has a short life cycle (28 days) with fast distribution forces and incredible attack forces. BPH is very dynamic in their live assuming due to the climatic condition of their habitat. This is the reason why climate can be used as an indicator for early warning to anticipate the area attack of BPH especially and in general for crop pests and diseases control. The relationship between pest and diseases attack and climate parameters such as rainfall, mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, mean humidity, maximum humidity, and minimum humidity can be analyzed using multiple regression. The early warning system is developed using software of MS Access, Arc View, Map Object, and Visual Basic that can be a dynamic and interactive system. The results of analysis showed that climate parameter has a correlation with the area attack of BPH only during the La-Niña years. Those parameters include rainfall, maximumtemperature, maximum temperature at two weeks before attack, minimum temperature, and minimum temperature at two weeks before attack. The early warning system is started by entering the climate prediction for the next cropping season where the time is subject to prediction, at a certain sub-district. After inputting data of climate prediction the system will provide information of potential area attack of BPH at that location. By performing information of potential area attack the anticipative action can be designed earlier so that the crops harvest failure can be reduced.
Soil and Climate Characterization and Its Suitability for Nucleus Smallholder Oil Palm at Sei Pagar, Kampar District, Riau Province I GEDE PUTU WIGENA; . SUDRADJAT; SANTUN R.P SITORUS; H. SIREGAR
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 30 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n30.2009.%p

Abstract

The management of nucleus smallholder oil palm after conversion is mostly improper with the promoted management practice, consequently oil palm yield decreases due to decreasing of land quality. For this reason, the study has been done to characterize land condition, to assess land suitability for oil palm and to correlate soil properties against oil palm yield. The study was conducted at Sei Pagar, Kampar District, Riau Province from January 2007 to March 2008. Soil erosion was estimated using Universal Soil Loss Equation, while land suitability was processed using Land Evaluation Technical Guidance for Agriculture Commodities, and correlation of soil  properties to oil palm yield was calculated using Multiple Regression Analysis on SPSS Version 12.0. The study showed that climate conditions was favorable for oil palm growth and production, with annual rainfall 2,339 mm year-1, air temperature 26.04oC, and relative humidity 81.2%. Soil erosion varied from 1.322-3.423 t ha-1 year-1. The soils were dominated by Typic Haplosaprist and Terric Haplosaprist covering 8,641 ha with land suitability of S2-f (moderately suitable with nutrients retention as limitng factor). The other soil are Humic Dystrudepts and Typic Dystrudepts covering 587 ha with land suitability of S2-f,n (moderately suitable with nutrients retention and nutrient supply as limiting factors). The soil properties of Typic Haplosaprist and Terric Haplosaprist affected to oil palm yield are organic-C, nitrogen content, P2O5 content, and available-S. Meanwhile, on Humic Dystrudepts and Typic Dystrudepts, oil palm yield was affected by organic-C, nitrogen content, available-S, and aluminum content.
Soil P Availability in Neutral and Alkaline Soils DEDI NURSYAMSI; D. SETYORINI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 30 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n30.2009.%p

Abstract

The availability of soil P for plant growth depends on equilibrium reaction between several P forms in the soils, such as soil soluble, labile, non-labile, as well as organic P. The research that aimed to study soil P availability, form, and sorption, as well as soil properties that affect on P availability in neutral and alkaline soils was conducted in Soil Testing Laboratory, Indonesian Soil Research Institute using 91 topsoil samples (0-20 cm) which have pH neutral-alkaline taken from Java. The samplesconsisted of Inceptisols (13 samples), Vertisols (47 samples), and Alfisols (31 samples). Soil properties analyzed were soil pH H2O (1:5), clay content (pipette), organic-C (Kjeldahl), exch. Ca and Mg (NH4OAc 1 N pH=7), exch. Al (KCl 1 N), and P (HCl 25%, Olsen, and Bray I). Soil P fractionation and sorption were determined using Kuo (1996) and Fox and Kamprath (1970) procedures respectively. The result showed that according to HCl 25%, Olsen, and Bray I extractions, the availability of soil P among the soils was in order of Inceptisols > Vertisols > Alfisols. Whereas the soil P forms in tested soils was in order of residual-P > Ca-P > (Fe+Al)-P > organic-P. Buffering capacity, maximum sorption, as well as bonding energy constant of soil P was in order of Inceptisols > Vertisols > Alfisols. Furthermore, soil properties that effected significantly on the variables of soil P availability were soil clay content, organic-C, and exch. Mg in Inceptisols; clay content and organic-C in Vertisols; as well aspH, clay content, and exch. Ca in Alfisols.
Fitoremediation for the Rehabilitation of Agricultural Land Contaminated by Cadmium and Copper N. SUTRISNO SA'AD; R ARTANTI; T DEWI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 30 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n30.2009.%p

Abstract

There are many agricultural land using irrigation water from polluted industrial waste of heavy metals. Improvement of agricultural land quality using fitoremediation is needed to overcome heavy metal pollution. The reasearch aims to make remedies for paddy field polluted by cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) using plants that have the ability to absorb heavy metals in order to increase the quality of the land. This research was conducted at the screen house of Indonesian Agricultural Enviroment Research Institute, using a Randomize Block Design (RBD). Hyperaccumulator treatment plant, consisting of T1: mendong (Fimbristylis globulosa), T2: grass types tekian (Cyperus platystylis), T3: jugul (Borreria laevis), T4: spinach (Amaranthus spp.), T5: mustard (Brassica juncea), T6: bundung ganal (Scleria poaeformis), T7: purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis), T8: karapiting (Polygonum hydropiper), T9: hiring-hiring (Rhynchosphora corynbosa), and T10: purun kudung (Leperonia mucrunata). The results showed that the content of heavy metals Cd and Cu in Vertisols (Sambung Macan and Sragen) are 1.18 and 31.38 ppmrespectively. All hyperaccumulator plants on Vertisols polluted by cadmium (Cd) can reduce the levels of soil cadmium after two months planted (Duncan test level 5%). The content of copper (Cu) in soil indicated an increase and significantly different (Duncan test level 5%). Purun kudung is significantly different compared with mustard in term of Cu adsorption from soil. The Cu content on two months old spinach is higher than othertreatments, but the highest Cu content occurs on stems and leaves of jugul plant. The content of cadmium (Cd) on roots of jugul plant is the highest and significantly different, while thecontent of Cd on hiring-hiring plant is also the highest content but not significantly different.

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