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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim
Published by Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya lahan Pertanian
ISSN : 14107244     EISSN : 27227723     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jti.v44n1.2020.19-29
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal TANAH dan IKLIM memuat hasil-hasil penelitian bidang tanah dan iklim dari para peneliti baik dari dalam maupun dari luar Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Jurnal ini juga dapat memuat informasi singkat yang berisi tulisan mengenai teknik dan peralatan baru ataupun hasil sementara penelitian tanah dan iklim.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 257 Documents
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Applying Climate Information for Supporting Farming System of Food Crop ELZA SURMAINI; RIZALDI BOER; H. SIREGAR
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 24 (2006): Desember 2006
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n24.2006.%p

Abstract

The events of climate extreme that increase the crop yield uncertainty causing financial loss of farmers. To ensure economic profitability, farmers need to tailor their cropping pattern to the climate forecast. The study was conducted in Ciparay and Bojongsoang sub-District, the central crop production of Bandung District from March to August 2005. Research aimed to analyze climate information value based on farming system strategy for accruing farmer income. Farming system in climate extremeevents was determined by maximizing expected utility of wealth. Farming system in two sub-District was assessed by Rapid Rural Appraisal. Climate information value was the difference between income with conventional farming and income using farming system strategy. Result of the survey indicated that dominant cropping pattern in the study area was rice-rice-fallow. The second rice was vulnerable to drought particularly in extremeyears. Further analysis suggested that extreme climate events were mostly associated with ENSO (El-Niño Southern Oscillation) events. From farming system simulation model, it was found that in El-Niño years, to maximize income, farmers should planted all farm with maize. Planting non-rice crops can be done after April (early May), to get maximist income, they should plant all farm with soybean. Risk averter farmers might diversify their crops, i.e. by fallowing part of their lands and planting the remaining lands with maize and soybean. The use of climate information in El-Niño years will give higher economic benefit to farmers than in La-Niña years. The difference in economic benefit was determined by the proportion of land allocated for rice and nonrice crops. In El-Niño years, farmers who plant all their lands for second planting with rice crop will get loss due to significant decrease in rice yield, while those who plant part or all of their land with non-rice crops will gain benefit as they will get yield. Therefore, farmers who are willing to take risks by planting part or all of their land with non-rice crops in years which were forecasted to be El-Niño years will get higher income than farmers who are not willing to change their rice crops.
Pengaruh Pupuk Silika terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Padi Sawah pada Inceptisols I Gusti Made Subiksa
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v42n2.2018.153-160

Abstract

Abstrak. Pemupukan silikon (Si) pada lahan sawah di Indonesia tidak umum dilakukan mengingat pupuk ini belum dikenal luas. Beberapa hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman padi sangat memerlukan unsur Si untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan ketahanan terhadap serangan hama penyakit. Penelitian pengaruh pupuk silika terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi sawah telah dilakukan pada lahan sawah dengan jenis tanah Inceptisols di Serang, Provinsi Banten, Indonesia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pupuk silika terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi padi sawah serta menentukan dosis optimum pupuk silika. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan delapan perlakuan yaitu kontrol, NPK dan 6 tingkat dosis pupuk silika (SiO2) yaitu 147 kg ha-1, 294 kg ha-1, 441 kg ha-1 , 588 kg ha-1 , 735 kg ha-1 dan 882 kg ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan dengan pupuk mengandung silika meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dengan nyata yang ditandai dengan pertumbuhan tanaman lebih tinggi, anakan lebih banyak dan biomasa lebih banyak dibandingkan perlakuan NPK standar. Pemberian pupuk silika juga meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap rebah karena batangnya lebih kuat dan anakannya lebih banyak. Pemberian pupuk silika sebagai tambahan pupuk NPK juga meningkatkan produksi padi dengan nyata sebesar 117% dibandingkan kontrol dan 26,7% dibandingkan dengan perlakuan NPK standar. Dosis optimum pupuk silika yang direkomendasikan untuk padi sawah adalah 217 kg SiO2 ha-1 sedangkan dosis maksimum sekitar 320 kg SiO2 ha-1.Abstract. Silicon (Si) fertilization on lowland rice is not a common practice in Indonesia because this fertilizer is not yet widely known. Previous research results show that lowland rice needs Si as a nutrient to increase crop growth and resistance to pest and disease attacks. This research on the effect of silica fertilizer on the growth and yield of lowland rice was carried out on Inceptisols lowland rice fields in Serang, Banten Province, Indonesia. The objectives of this study was to determine the effect of silica fertilizer on the growth and production of paddy rice and determine the optimum dose of silica fertilizer. The study used a randomized block design with 8 treatments consisting of control, NPK fertilizers, and 6 levels of silica fertilizer namely 147 kg ha-1, 294 kg ha-1, 441 kg ha-1 , 588 kg ha-1 , 735 kg ha-1 dan 882 kg ha-1 . The results showed that silica fertilization significantly increased plant growth, as characterized by higher plant height, more tillers, and higher biomass compared to standard NPK treatments. The silica fertilizer application also increased the resistance of rice plant to lodging because the stem is stronger and has more tiller. The application of silica fertilizer in addition to NPK fertilizer also significantly increased rice yield by 117% compared to full control without fertilizer or 26.7% compared to the standard NPK treatment. The recommended optimum rate of silica fertilizer for lowland rice is 217 kg SiO2 ha-1 while the maximum dose is around 320 kg SiO2 ha-1
Hubungan Curah Hujan dengan Produktivitas Apel (Malus sylvestris Mill.) di Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur Ninuk Herlina; Fahmi Amrulah
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 44, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v44n1.2020.11-18

Abstract

Abstrak. Iklim, terutama curah hujan, memberikan dampak yang cukup besar terhadap produktivitas apel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterkaitan curah hujan tahunan dan jumlah hari hujan dengan produktivitas apel di sentra produksi di Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur. Penelitian  dilaksanakan di kecamatan Tutur, Tosari dan Puspo pada bulan Maret sampai Mei 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei untuk data curah hujan, jumlah hari hujan dan produktivitas apel tahun 2002-2017, serta data persepsi petani berdasarkan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan curah hujan tahunan berkorelasi negatif terhadap produktivitas apel sedangkan jumlah hari hujan tidak berkorelasi. Curah hujan berpengaruh lebih besar terhadap produktivitas apel dan ini kelihatannya terkait dengan serangan hama penyakit dan kelembaban tanah. Dengan demikian pola curah hujan dapat dijadikan dasar pengelolaan organisme pengganggu tanaman dan pengelolaan fisiologi tanaman seperti halnya pemangkasan. Abstract. Climate has a considerable impact on the productivity of apple. This research aimed to evaluate the correlation of annual rainfall and the number of rainy days with apple productivity in the production center of Pasuruan Regency, East Java. This research was conducted in Tutur, Tosari and Puspo sub-districts, Pasuruan Regency from March to May 2018. The research used survey method for obtaining rainfall, number of rainy days, and apple productivity data in 2002-2017, as well as farmer’s perception based on interview with farmers. The results showed that rainfall was negatively correlated with apple productivity while the number of rainy days was not correlated. Rainfall had a greater effect on apple productivity. The knowledge of rainfall pattern can be used as a basis of crop management including controlling of pests and diseases and crop physiological management such as pruning.
Pengaruh Aerasi Tanah Sulfat Masam Potensial Terhadap Pelepasan SO42-, Fe2+, H+, dan Al3+ Yuli Lestari; Azwar Ma’as; Benito Heru Purwanto; Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 40, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v40n1.2016.25-34

Abstract

Characteristic Differences of Tidal Swamp Rice Varieties towards Methane (CH4) Emission on Peat Soil H.L SUSILOWATI; PRIHASTO SETYANTO; R KARTIKAWATI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 30 (2009): Desember 2009
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n30.2009.%p

Abstract

Expanding the rice field area into marginal land such as peat soil could possibly obtain significant increase on greenhouse gas (GHG’s) emission. Peat soil contained large amount of organic matter. The utilization of peat soil for rice field needs pH > 3. The changes of pH will enhance the microbiology activities that produce methane (CH4). Anaerobic condition could potentially released high CH4 emission. Rice plants have beenreported to affect CH4 emission almost 90% from rice fields. Theobjective of this study is to determine the effect of characteristic differences of tidal swamp rice varieties towards CH4 emission on peat soil. A field experiment was conducted at Research Station of Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Jakenan, Pati, Central Java, in 2006. Randomized complete design with three replications method was used to analyze four varieties of tidal swamp rice (Punggur, Tenggulang, Banyuasin, and Batanghari). 12 microplots with each has a dimension of 1.5 m x 1.5 m x 1 m were filled with peat soil from South Kalimantan. Statistical analysis of the experimental data on plant parameters were accomplished using analysis of variance (Anova). Regression and correlation analysis were also used to determine the relationship between plant parameters effected on CH4 flux. The results showed that there were significant relationship between the plant biomass, root biomass, plant tiller, plant height, and CH4 flux at 1% level of test. The relationshipbetween plant height of developed tillers were related to the proportional enhanced continuity of aerenchyma channels with the increasing plant height of rice cultivar. The CH4 emission of Punggur, Banyuasin, Tenggulang dan Batanghari were 183.01, 179.2, 124.1, and 104.0 kg ha-1, respectively. Batanghari was recomended best for transplanting under peat soil compared with others because of lower CH4 emission and no differences in grain yield. The easy way to mitigate CH4 emission from peat soil is transplanted of Batanghari.
Dampak Perubahan Muka Air Laut pada Daerah Rawa dengan Irigasi Pasang Surut: Pemodelan Daerah Rawa Tabunganen Indra setya Putra; Haryo Istianto
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 38, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v38n1.2014.43-49

Abstract

Effects of Soil Texture on Characteristics of Hydrograph Unit and Modelling Flood Prediction (Case Study in Separi Watershed, Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan) M. LUTHFUL HAKIM; O. HARIDJAJA; . SUDARSONO; G. IRIANTO
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 26 (2007): Desember 2007
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n26.2007.%p

Abstract

A Research on effects of soil texture on hydrograph unit characteristic and flood prediction modelling in East Kalimantan need to be developed, because intensity and area of flood progressively increased. The objectives of this research are : 1) to study the effects of soil texture on the characteristic of hydrograph unit, 2) to develop flood prediction models (peak discharge and time to peak discharge) of Separi watershed, and 3) to determine an optimal landuse area composition in line with flood and Separi watershed management. The location of research site is on Separi watershed in Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan at 00003’-00038’ S and 117008’-117031’ E coordinate position. Field research has been conducted from January to June 2006. The methodology of the research based on several steps, e.i. : 1) data collecting, 2) flood prediction models development, 3) model accuration testing, and 4) model application. Themodel of flood prediction based on: 1) modelling of production function and 2) modelling of transfer function. The result showed that soil texture has an effect towards peak discharge and time to peak discharge. Soil with loam texture has peak discharge higher than soil with sand and clay texture, whereas time to peak discharge of soil with clay texture is higher than soil with loam and sand texture. Flood prediction (peak discharge and time to peak discharge) based on land characteristics and watershedgeomorphology was able to simulate peak discharge and time to peak discharge, which has no different result compared with result from measurement. Analysis of optimum composition landuse with decreasing peak discharge and time to peak discharge indicated that compositions of landuse in Separi watershed are 54% for forest area, 1,9% for farm/garden, 0,12% for urban, 0,5% for paddy field, 42% for shrubs/underbrush, and 1,99% for coal-mining.
Penentuan Wilayah Kunci Keragaman Iklim Indonesia Menggunakan Indikator Global untuk Mendukung Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim Woro Estiningtyas; Erni Susanti; Haris Syahbuddin; Andi Amran Sulaiman
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 42, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v42n1.2018.59-68

Abstract

Abstrak. Mengingat wilayah Indonesia memiliki keragaman iklim yang sangat tinggi, maka diperlukan suatu data dan informasi yang menyajikan wilayah kunci yang memiliki keeratan hubungan dengan indikator global. Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil analisis indikator global dengan anomali curah hujan di Indonesia pada setiap periode waktu 3 bulanan (DJF, MAM, JJA dan SON) serta pada lag 0 hingga lag 3 berdasarkan korelasi dan signifikansi pada taraf nyata (P<0,1) sebagai dasar penentuan wilayah kunci keragaman iklim Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, wilayah kunci pada periode DJF adalah Kalimantan bagian selatan serta Sulawesi bagian barat dan selatan. Pada MAM adalah Sumatera bagian barat, Jawa bagian utara, Banten bagian timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Bali bagian utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur bagian timur, Kalimantan Selatan bagian utara, Sulawesi Barat danSulawesi Selatan. Untuk periode JJA wilayah kuncinya adalah Sumatera bagian tengah, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Selatan bagian utara danSulawesi bagian barat. Untuk periode SON wilayah kunci adalah Sumatera Barat, Bengkulu, Riau, Jawa Timur, Bali, Kalimantan Selatan dan Sulawesi Selatan, masing-masing dengan indikator global dan lag terpilih berdasarkan nilai korelasi dan signifikansinya.Abstract. Considering that Indonesia's territory has a very high climatic diversity, data and information are needed for serve areas that have a relationship with the global climatic indicators. This paper presents the results of the analysis of the global indicators with the rainfall anomaly in Indonesia at 3 monthly period (DJF, MAM, JJA and SON) as well as at lag 0 to lag 3 based on correlation and high significance (P<0.1). Key areas for DJF are southern part of Kalimantan, western and southern parts of Sulawesi. For MAM are western part of Sumatera, northern part of Java, eastern part of Banten, West Nusa Tenggara, northern part of Bali, East Nusa Tenggara, northern part of South Kalimantan, West Sulawesi and South Sulawesi. For JJA are central part of Sumatera, East Java, nortern part of South Kalimantan and western part of Sulawesi. For SON period the key areas are West Sumatra, Bengkulu, Riau, East Java, Bali, South Kalimantan and South Sulawesi. Each area has a global indicator and a selected lag based on the correlation value and its significance.
The influence of Land Quality on Productivity of Maize in Soils Derived from Volcanic and Sedimentary Rocks in the Bogor Area DJADJA SUBARDJA; . SUDARSONO
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 23 (2005): Desember 2005
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n23.2005.%p

Abstract

Land quality has a good relationship with the productivity of maize which is influenced by parent materials and soil development, especially the nutrient retention and aluminum toxicity. Nutrient availability is strongly influenced by land management. On the intensively land use and continuously fertilizer applied is showing a high content of available P at top soil and give a high yielding of maize. Result of land evaluation in the study area by using the existing criteria of land suitability of maize indicated the same class of land suitability of S3 and therefore not suited to the field condition. The main limitation was a nutrient retention (i.e. pH, base saturation). Nutrition availability of available P and toxicity of aluminum are excluded in the criteria. Land suitability criteria of maize were built by relevant land qualities and productivity of maize gave more realistic and quantitative results of land suitability of the area. The most influenced of land quality to the maize productivity are nutrient availability, nutrient retention and aluminum toxicity by mean of land characteristics of available P, pH and exchangeable Al. A few data required for land evaluation and therefore it will be easily to be processed, faster, efficient and accurately. Application of the P fertilizer and liming are strongly recommended for the area, especially on the acid soils of sedimentary rock to increase the productivity of maize.
Soil Strength and Water Infiltration Under Reduced and Conventional Tillage in a Typic Haplustepts of Lamongan District Achmad Rachman
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 40, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v40n2.2016.95-101

Abstract

Abstract. The ability of upland non-irrigated soil to absorb and store water is critical to to provide sufficient moisture for crop grown in dry season. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of tillage, reduced (RT) and conventional tillage (CT), on infiltration rate and soil penetration resistance (soil strength) in soil with ustic moisture regime planted with corn. The experiment was conducted on a site, which had been continuously planted with corn twice a year. The predominant soil was Typic Haplusteps. Six positions, 15 meters a part, were chosen within each treatment to measure infiltration rate and soil strength. The mean infiltration rate values were higher under CT (91.87 ± 18.99 mm h-1) than under RT (64.36 ± 30.97 mm h-1). The amount of water infiltrated in CT is 1.4 times higher than in RT. The RT induced the formation of near surface compacted layer with a soil strength of 850 kPa, 2 times higher than under CT at the same depth. The compacted layer is expected to be responsible for lowering infiltration rate under RT. The highest correlation (R2 = 0.83) between qs and Ksat under RT was found at the second depth (8 to 12-cm) and third depth (16 to 20-cm) for CT (R2 = 0.73) indicating that soil layer with the highest soil strength was responsible to control water infiltration. The infiltration models tested (Parlange, the Green and Ampt, and Kostiakov) fit well with the measured data (r2 = 0.99–1.00). It is recommended to conduct deep tillage (20 – 25 cm) once a year to maintain favorable soil structure for water infiltration and root growth.Abstrak: Kemampuan lahan tadah hujan untuk menyerap dan menyimpan air sangat penting dalam kaitannya dengan penyediaan kelembaban tanah yang optimum untuk pertumbuhan tanaman pada musim kemarau. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pengolahan tanah terbatas (RT) dan konvensional (CT) terhadap laju infiltrasi dan ketahanan penetrasi (kekuatan) tanah pada tanah dengan regim kelembaban ustic yang ditanami jagung. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanah Typic Haplusteps yang ditanami jagung 2 kali dalam setahun. Pengukuran infiltrasi dan kekuatan tanah dilakukan di enam titik, masing-masing berjarak 15 meter, pada tiap perlakuan. Rata-rata laju infiltrasi pada perlakuan CT adalah 91.87 ± 18.99 mm jam-1 lebih tinggi dibanding pada RT yaitu 64.36 ± 30.97 mm jam-1. Volume air yang terinfiltrasi pada perlakuan CT adalah 1,4 kali lebih banyak dibanding pada perlakuan RT. Perlakuan RT menyebabkan terbentuknya lapisan padat dibawah permukaan tanah dengan kekuatan tanah sebesar 850 kPa, 2 kali lebih besar dibanding perlakuan CT pada kedalaman yang sama. Lapisan padat pada perlakuan RT diduga sebagai penyebab rendahnya laju infiltrasi pada perlakuan tersebut. Korelasi tertinggi (R2 = 0.83) antara qs dan Ksat diperoleh pada kedalaman kedua (8-12 cm) untuk perlakuan RT dan pada kedalaman ketiga (16-20 cm) untuk perlakuan CT (R2 = 0.73) menunjukkan bahwa lapisan tanah yang paling padat mengontrol laju infiltrasi. Ketiga model penduga infiltrasi yang diuji (Parlange, Green and Ampt dan Kostiakov) berkesesuaian sangat baik dengan infiltrasi hasil pengukuran (r2 = 0.99–1.00). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, direkomendasikan untuk melakukan olah tanah dalam (20 – 25 cm) sekali dalam setahun untuk menjaga agar tanah tetap gembur sehingga memperbaiki laju infiltrasi dan pertumbuhan akar. 

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