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Alexander Patera Nugraha
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27221253     DOI : 10.20473/ijdm.v3i1.2020.1-3
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine accepts original manuscripts in the many fields of dentistry, including research reports and literature reviews. The spread of fields include: Oral epidemiology, Oral health services research, Preventive dentistry, Oral health education and promotion, Clinical research, Behavioural sciences related to dentistry, Ethics and oral health economics, Healthcare management, Pediatric dentistry, Periodontic dentistry, Oral & maxillofacial surgery, Oral biology, Forensic dentistry, Prosthodontic dentistry, Dental radiology and many more
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran Gigi - Kedokteran Gigi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 152 Documents
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An evaluation of artificial intelligence study assistant on learning motivation and self-efficacy in undergraduate dental students of private university in Surabaya: A pilot study Agrippine Putricia Asaeli; Jennifer Widjaja; Natalya Indayani
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i1.2026.20-25

Abstract

Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) study assistants are increasingly used in undergraduate dental education; however, evidence regarding their impact on learning motivation and self-efficacy remains limited. Purpose: to evaluate the use of AI study assistants on learning motivation and self-efficacy among undergraduate dental students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate dental students using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The survey assessed AI usage patterns, learning motivation, self-efficacy related to clinical reasoning and preclinical learning, and perceptions of usefulness, trust, and behavioural intention. Responses were recorded using Likert-scale items and analysed. Results: 35 respondents (100%) reported prior use of AI study assistants, with over 90% indicating frequent use (often or daily). Most students agreed that AI tools increased motivation to study dental subjects, supported more consistent preparation for classes and examinations, and enhanced interest in learning. Our findings suggest that respondents who reported using AI also showed higher perceived self-efficacy in basic clinical reasoning, application of theoretical knowledge to preclinical tasks, and identification of errors. While students generally trusted AI feedback and intended to continue using these tools, some expressed uncertainty regarding confidence in performing clinical tasks independently and concerns about the accuracy of AI-generated information. Conclusion: AI study assistants were widely used and positively perceived by undergraduate dental students, with beneficial effects on learning motivation and perceived self-efficacy. However, AI tools should be integrated as supportive adjuncts rather than replacements for hands-on training and educator guidance. Structured implementation and AI literacy education may help optimize their role in dental education. .
Viability and adhesion of osteoblast and fibroblast cells on polymethyl methacrylatehydroxyapatite composite scaffold Karina Kusuma Wardhani; Retno Indrawati Roestamadji; Masami Kanawa; Tania Saskianti; Erin Imaniar Basar; Varellia Awang Wangi Kardikadewi
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i1.2026.30-36

Abstract

Introduction: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) composites are emerging bone graft candidates, combining mechanical stability with osteoconductivity. PMMA contributes to structural strength and handling properties, while HA enhances bioactivity and bone tissue interaction. Prior to clinical use, biocompatibility toward both hard tissue–related cells (osteoblasts) and soft tissue–related cells (fibroblasts) must be established. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the cell viability and adhesion of osteoblast (hFOB) and fibroblast (BHK-21) cells on a PMMA-HA composite with a 20:80 ratio. Methods: PMMA-HA composite (20:80) scaffolds were synthesized using the freeze-drying method to obtain a porous structure. Cell viability was evaluated using an indirect contact method with the MTT assay after 24 hours of incubation. Surface topography and cell adhesion morphology were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results: The MTT assay revealed cell viability percentages of 82.55% for hFOB cells and 88.14% for BHK-21 cells, indicating favorable cellular responses to the PMMA-HA composite. SEM analysis demonstrated that the scaffold possessed a rough, irregular, and porous surface. Cell adhesion analysis showed distinct morphological responses: hFOB cells exhibited a spherical morphology adapting to micropores, while BHK-21 cells displayed extensive spreading with flattened morphology and filopodia extensions. Conclusion: The PMMA-HA composite met biocompatibility standards, showing cell viability above 70% according to ISO 10993-5. The scaffold supported cell adhesion with specific morphological adaptations for both cell lines, indicating that the PMMA-HA composite is non-cytotoxic and a potential candidate for bone graft applications.
The relationship between predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors regarding topical fluoride application and the risk of dental caries among firstgrade elementary school students in the Tambakrejo Health Center Area Dini Setyowati; Hadfi Dhaky Chairuly; Benedicta Sellyvia; Nur Aini Nova Airlangga; Widya Ayu Satya Pratiwi; Mokhammad Fauzi; Amanda Ayu Aprilia; Jasmine Dharmarani Saputra; Sella Pujaya Wahyu Aifma; Fanya Suryanti; Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad Noor
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i2.2026.79-83

Abstract

Background: Dental caries is a common oral health issue among school-aged children, often influenced by parental knowledge, socioeconomic conditions, and access to preventive care. Based on Lawrence W. Green’s theory, health behavior is determined by predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the implementation of topical fluoride application and their relationship with dental caries risk among first-grade students in the Tambakrejo Public Health Center area. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 21–22, 2025, involving 67 parents of first-grade students from Darussalam Islamic Elementary School, Kapasan III Public Elementary School, and Muhammadiyah 17 Elementary School, Surabaya. Data were collected using questionnaires on predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors. Caries risk was assessed using a Cariogram interview. Correlations were analyzed with Spearman’s Rho test with SPSS. Results: Parental knowledge (r = -0.719; p = 0.000), access to information (r = -0.622; p = 0.000), economic status (r = -0.331; p = 0.006), and health program support (r = -0.383; p = 0.001) were significantly and negatively correlated with caries risk. Reinforcing factors such as social (r = -0.723; p = 0.000), informational (r = -0.711; p = 0.000), and tangible support (r = -0.838; p = 0.000) also showed strong negative correlations, while emotional support (r = 0.026; p = 0.834) was not significant. Conclusion: Predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors significantly influence children’s dental caries risk. Enhanced parental knowledge and support effectively reduce caries risk.
Academic resilience and the perceived use of generative artificial intelligence among dental students at Universitas Ciputra Surabaya Olivia Budihargono; Gabriela Halim
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i2.2026.67-72

Abstract

Background: In the digital age, especially in Indonesia, generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI) is expanding quickly and has enormous potential to enhance dental education. Digital technology facilitates personalized learning, case simulation, and clinical comprehension. One example of adaptive learning is online education. This flexibility promotes the application of Gen AI in education. The perceived value of Gen AI is thought to improve students’ academic resilience in the face of stress and learning shifts. But it’s still unclear how they relate, especially to dental students who have demanding coursework. Purpose: To investigate dental medicine students’ academic resilience and their perception of Gen AI’s utility. Methods: A Likert-scale questionnaire was used in this study’s quantitative cross-sectional design, and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM) was used for analysis. Total sampling was used to include all enrolled dentistry students at Universitas Ciputra Surabaya (n = 36). Active students and prior use of Gen artificial intelligence (AI) were prerequisites for inclusion. Students with incomplete responses or those on academic leave were not included. Results: The average academic resilience score was 4.067 ± 0.83, and the average perceived usefulness score was 4.232 ± 0.85. Academic resilience was significantly predicted by perceived usefulness (β = 0.544; t = 2.612; p < 0.01), accounting 29.6% of its variance (R² = 0.296). Conclusion: Dental medicine students’ academic resilience in the digital age was substantially correlated with their perception of Gen AI’s utility. AI integration could improve dental education and help dental medicine students succeed academically.
Body mass index and caries experience among 10-12-year-old elementary school children Antonius Lucky Arnando; Gabriela Halim; Carera Iva Harryadi
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i2.2026.73-78

Abstract

Background: Dental caries is among the most prevalent chronic diseases in children worldwide, assessed using the decayed-extracted filled teeth index for primary teeth and the Decayed-Missing-Filled Teeth index for permanent teeth. Nutritional status, measured by body mass index, may share common behavioral risk factors with dental caries. However, previous studies have reported inconsistent findings. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between body mass index and combined caries experience among 10–12-year-old schoolchildren in Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 51 schoolchildren aged 10–12 years at Elementary School (sekolah dasar negeri/SDN) Keputran, Surabaya. Body mass index was calculated from measured body weight and height. Dental caries was assessed according to World Health Organization criteria using the decayed-extracted-filled teeth and Decayed-MissingFilled Teeth indices. The combined caries score was correlated with body mass index using Spearman correlation and negative binomial regression at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The mean body mass index was 17.70 ± 4.04 kg/m². The mean decayed-extracted-filled teeth, Decayed-Missing-Filled Teeth, and combined scores were 0.78 ± 1.51, 1.35 ± 2.05, and 2.14 ± 2.48, respectively. Spearman correlation showed a significant negative correlation between body mass index and combined caries experience (r = -0.33; p = 0.018). Regression analysis indicated that each one-unit increase in body mass index was associated with a lower combined caries score (incidence rate ratio = 0.87; 95% confidence interval: 0.79–0.96; p = 0.007). Conclusion: Body mass index showed a significant inverse relationship with combined caries experience among 10–12-year-old schoolchildren. Higher body mass index values were associated with lower combined caries scores.
Information sources and plaque awareness on denture cleaning practices among denture wearers Adrianto Budiharjo; Olivia Budihargono
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i2.2026.84-88

Abstract

Background: Denture hygiene is essential for preventing denture stomatitis. Denture cleaning practices may be influenced by health information sources and awareness of denture plaque accumulation. Purpose: To examine the plaque awareness and information sources on denture cleaning practices among denture wearers. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire among 58 denture users aged 65 years and older in Surabaya. Participants were removable denture wearers using acrylic dentures, flexible dentures, or metal framework dentures for at least six months. Denture cleaning practices were categorized into three levels: poor (cleaning dentures using water only or without a specific cleaning technique); moderate (cleaning dentures using a toothbrush with or without toothpaste); and good (cleaning dentures using specialized cleaning agents such as denture cleanser or liquid soap combined with mechanical brushing). Data were examined using descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and logistic regression, with p-value < 0.05 considered as significant. Results: Most respondents were aware of plaque accumulation (81.0%) and obtained cleaning information from dentists (91.4%). Cleaning practices were moderate (69.0%) and good (20.7%). Plaque awareness was significantly correlated with better cleaning practices (p=0.048). Logistic regression showed that aware respondents were 5.24 times more likely to perform adequate cleaning (95% CI: 1.00–27.35; p=0.049). Information source was not significantly correlated (p>0.05). Conclusion: Plaque awareness is significantly associated with denture cleaning practices among denture wearers. Educational strategies that enhance awareness of plaque-related risks may improve denture hygiene behaviours.
Age and oral health knowledge in relation to dental caries status in children aged 11-12 years Gabriela Halim; Carera Iva Harryadi; Antonius Lucky Arnando
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i2.2026.56-60

Abstract

Background: Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent oral diseases among school-aged children and continues to be a major public health concern. In Indonesia, Basic Health Research reported that 92.6% of children experience oral health problems, with dental caries being the most common condition. Although oral health knowledge is considered an important factor in caries prevention, its relationship with dental caries status remains inconsistent. Purpose: To analyze the age and oral health knowledge in relation to dental caries status among 11–12-year-old students. Methods: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 50 students aged 11–12 years. Oral health knowledge was assessed using 10 multiple-choice questions questionnaire and categorized as good, moderate, or poor. Dental caries status was evaluated through clinical examination using the DMF-T index based on the WHO criteria and classified into low and high categories. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Most students demonstrated moderate oral health knowledge (64%) and low caries status (86%). No significant association was found between age and dental caries status (p = 0.86). or between oral health knowledge and dental caries status (p > 0.05). Students with good oral knowledge showed lower odds of high caries status (OR = 0.64), although the association was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Age and oral health knowledge were not significantly associated with dental caries status among students aged 11-12 years. Other factors may contribute to the development of dental caries in school-aged children.
The free nutritious meal program in improving dietary habits and its impact on oral health Nurfitri Amaliah; Maria Laurentia Sanjaya
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i2.2026.61-66

Abstract

Background: Oral health is a globally neglected issue, with dental caries affecting billions. The Indonesian government’s Free Nutritious Meal Program or Makanan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) aims to reduce malnutrition, but its specific impact on oral health requires evaluation. Purpose: to examine the MBG program in improving dietary habits and its subsequent impact on dental caries and oral health behavior. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at elementary school or Sekolah Dasar Negeri (SDN) Klampis Ngasem 3 and SDN Keputran 1 in Surabaya. Data on Caries Experience (deft/DMFT), Dietary Habits, Dental Health Behavior, and body mass index (BMI) were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Results: In the control group, dietary habits were a near-total predictor of caries (path coefficient 0.904, P=0.000), whereas this influence dropped to 0.541 in the intervention group. The program “decoupled” BMI from caries; BMI was a significant predictor in the control group (P=0.006) but became non significant in the intervention group (P=0.107). The model explained 83.5% of caries variance in the control group, compared to only 29.7% in the intervention group, suggesting the program mitigates primary dietary risks. Conclusion: MBG program effectively achieves the study’s aim by acting as a structural regulator that standardizes dietary intake and improves oral health outcomes. By providing a balanced nutritional baseline, the program “decouples” the link between BMI and tooth decay, neutralizing physical status as a risk predictor. While the program provides a protective foundation, individual dental health behaviors remain essential for complete prevention.
Integrating comprehensive geriatric assessment into digital dentistry Antonius Edwin Sutikno; Didin Mirandani; Hutomo Setia Budi; Evan Raditya Pratomo; Aurelia Felisha Lukwanto; Clara Suryani Awengkari; Felicia Natalie Purnomo; Tiffany Grace Siamena
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i2.2026.89-94

Abstract

Background: Aging population is rapidly increasing worldwide and is associated with higher prevalence of multimorbidity, frailty, and functional decline. Oral health problems such as tooth loss, periodontal disease, and reduced masticatory function frequently occur in geriatric populations and may negatively affect nutritional status and overall quality of life. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) enables multidimensional evaluation of older adults; however, its integration into digital dentistry to support preventive-promotive oral care remains limited. Developing a digital system that considers the functional variability of geriatric patients may improve accessibility and personalization of dental care. Purpose: To examine a geriatric assessment instrument and develop a risk-stratified digital dentistry model grounded in functional profiling. Methods: An exploratory study was conducted involving 30 geriatric patients (≥60 years) attending a public hospital dental clinic. Validity was assessed using Pearson product-moment correlation, and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted to refine the conceptual digital framework. Results: After eliminating invalid items, 13 indicators met validity criteria (r>0.3) and demonstrated high reliability (α= 0.889). Most participants were independent in basic Activities of Daily Living (ADL), whereas dependency was more evident in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), particularly in financial (60%) and medication management (36.7%). FGD findings emphasized the need for simplified user interfaces, caregiver-linked monitoring systems, and preventive-focused educational features. Conclusion: Validated CGA parameters can support the development of a risk-based digital dentistry system. Functional stratification may enhance the personalization and accessibility of preventive oral healthcare for geriatric populations.
Management delayed tooth injury fixed with orthodontic splint system: A case report Meidiana Adiningsih; Mohammed Ahmed Aljunaid; Prawati Nuraini
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i2.2026.100-104

Abstract

Background: Dentoalveolar trauma, specifically luxation injuries, is a common occurrence in mixed dentition, with an incidence ranging from 18% to 33%. This condition can severely impact the periodontal ligament and the vitality of the affected teeth. Maxillary anterior teeth are most frequently affected due to their prominent position in the dental arch. Appropriate intervention is crucial to preserve both function and aesthetic. Purpose: Reported a case management of upper front right teeth lateral luxation with fixed orthodontic to ensure proper healing and functionality. Case: A 14-year-old female patient presented to a pediatric dental clinic with complaints of pain and displacement of her right upper front tooth, which had been pushed-back following a physical altercation with peers one-week prior. The patient was currently managing her pain with analgesic, the last dose taken that morning. Her mother was worried about the tooth’s return to it’s normal position. Case Management: After confirming complete root formation and absence of alveolar fracture via panoramic radiograph, the tooth was initially stabilized using fixed orthodontic appliances with NiTi wire (0.016” x 0.016”) to encourage gradual repositioning. Oral prophylaxis was performed prior to bracket placement, and the patient was advised on maintaining oral hygiene and a soft diet with follow-up planned for malocclusion correction and pulp vitality assessment. Conclusion: It should be taken into consideration to use fixed orthodontics to reposition and splint delayed traumatized teeth.

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