Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Potential Pseudomonas Isolated from Soybean Rhizosphere as Biocontrol against Soilborne Phytopathogenic Fungi ARI SUSILOWATI; ARIS TRI WAHYUDI; YULIN LESTARI; ANTONIUS SUWANTO; SURYO WIYONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Plants are liable to be attacked by soilborne fungal pathogens which are responsible to reduce plant growth and losses in yield. In Indonesia, indigenous soybeans’ rhizobacteria such as antifungal producing Pseudomonas sp. have not many been reported yet. Therefore, the potential of the Pseudomonas sp. as biocontrol agent should be deeply explored. The aim of this study was to screen the indigenous soybeans’ rhizobacteria Pseudomonas sp. that possessing biocontrol characters against soilborne mainly i.e. Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizoctonia solani, in vitro and in planta. Eleven isolates identified Pseudomonas sp. CRB numbered by CRB-3, CRB-16, CRB-17, CRB-31, CRB-44, CRB-75, CRB-80, CRB-86, CRB-102, CRB-109, and CRB-112 were affirmed to be candidates of biocontrol agents toward the soilborne fungal pathogens. Pseudomonas sp. CRB inhibited growth of the pathogenic fungi approximately 11.1-60.0% in vitro. Among of them, 7 isolates were also produced siderophore, 2 isolates produced chitinase, and 4 isolates produced hydrogen cyanide. Seed coating with the Pseudomonas sp. CRB accomplished disease suppression in planta about 14.3-100% in sterile soil condition and 5.2-52.6% in non sterile soil condition. Consistency in high performance more than 30% of disease suppression in non sterile soil condition suggested that 5 isolates i.e. CRB-16, CRB-44, CRB-86, CRB-102, and CRB-109 isolates have great promising to be developed as biocontrol agents of soilborne pathogenic fungi.

Dendronephthya sp. is a soft coral that has huge distribution starting from Indopacific, Tonga, Solomon Islands to Great Barrier Reef in Australia. However, this soft corals survive only in short period after cultivation in artificial habitat (aquarium). Recent study showed that the soft coral Dendronephtya sp. has an association or symbiotic relationship with several bacteria, commonly known as coral associated bacteria (CAB). In this study, we compared the population dynamic of Dendronephthya SUSAN SOKA; RORY ANTHONY HUTAGALUNG; . YOGIARA; CLARA ASSISI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.18.2.57

Dendronephthya sp. is a soft coral that has huge distribution starting from Indopacific, Tonga, Solomon Islands to Great Barrier Reef in Australia. However, this soft corals survive only in short period after cultivation in artificial habitat (aquarium). Recent study showed that the soft coral Dendronephtya sp. has an association or symbiotic relationship with several bacteria, commonly known as coral associated bacteria (CAB). In this study, we compared the population dynamic of Dendronephthya sp.-associated bacteria in natural and artificial habitat, resulting different bacterial community profiles using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of bacterial community DNA. There were 15 main classes of bacterial population identified along with uncultured microorganism, uncultured organism, uncultured bacteria and unidentified organism. Members of Actinobacteria, Arthrobacteria, Chlorobia, Caldilineae, d-proteobacteria and Proteobacteria were predicted to give contributions in the survival ability of both Dendronephthya sp. The cultivation of soft corals after 2 weeks in artificial habitat increases bacterial population similarity on 2 different samples by 10%. Bacterial population similarity in artificial habitat would increase along with the longer cultivation time of soft corals.

This research was to study in vitro callus induction and somatic embryogenesis in oil palm from leaf explants. Young leaf segments from mature oil palm were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D with or without addition of 2 g/l activated charcoal (AC) or 2,4-D and picloram. Embryogenesis induction was done using MS medium containing 2,4-D 450 mM and benziladenine 4.4 mM with 3g/l activated charcoal. The treatment of 2,4-D 15 mM resulted in the highest percent . YUSNITA; DWI HAPSORO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.18.2.61

This research was to study in vitro callus induction and somatic embryogenesis in oil palm from leaf explants. Young leaf segments from mature oil palm were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D with or without addition of 2 g/l activated charcoal (AC) or 2,4-D and picloram. Embryogenesis induction was done using MS medium containing 2,4-D 450 mM and benziladenine 4.4 mM with 3g/l activated charcoal. The treatment of 2,4-D 15 mM resulted in the highest percentage of callus induction. The treatment of 2,4-D and AC showed that 2,4-D 450 mM and AC led to higher percentage of callus induction than that of 2,4-D 400 mM and 2 g/l AC. Embryogenesis occured in 27 out of 250 clumps of primary callus was occurred after 2-3 times subcultures. Somatic embryo development occurred when the embryogenic callus was transferred on the same basal medium supplemented with casein hydrolysate with 1 mM BA or growth regulator free basal medium with 2 g/l activated charcoal.

Biological control of bacterial wilt pathogen (Ralstonia solanacearum) of tomato using endophytic bacteria is one of the alternative control methods to support sustainable agriculture. This study was conducted to select and characterize endophytic bacteria isolated from healthy tomato stems and to test their ability to promote plant growth and suppress bacterial wilt disease. Among 49 isolates successfully isolated, 41 were non-plant pathogenic. Green house test on six selected isolates based on ABDJAD ASIH NAWANGSIH; IKA DAMAYANTI; SURYO WIYONO; JUANG GEMA KARTIKA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.18.2.66

Biological control of bacterial wilt pathogen (Ralstonia solanacearum) of tomato using endophytic bacteria is one of the alternative control methods to support sustainable agriculture. This study was conducted to select and characterize endophytic bacteria isolated from healthy tomato stems and to test their ability to promote plant growth and suppress bacterial wilt disease. Among 49 isolates successfully isolated, 41 were non-plant pathogenic. Green house test on six selected isolates based on antagonistic effect on R. solanacearum or ability to suppress R. solanacearum population in dual culture assays obtained BC4 and BL10 isolates as promising biocontrol agents. At six weeks after transplanting, plants treated with BC4 isolate showed significantly lower disease incidence (33%) than that of control (83%). Plants height was not significantly affected by endophytic bacterial treatments. Based on 16S rRNA sequence, BC4 isolate had 97% similarity with Staphylococcus epidermidis (accession number EU834240.1), while isolate BL10 had 98% similarity with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain JK-SD002 (accession number AB547229.1).

Phalaenopsis is one of the most interesting genera of orchids due to the members are often used as parents to produce hybrids. The establishment and development of highly reliable and discriminatory methods for identifying species and cultivars has become increasingly more important to plant breeders and members of the nursery industry. The aim of this research was to develop sequence-based microsatellite (eSSR) markers for the Phalaenopsis orchid designed from the sequence of GenBank NCBI. Seve . FATIMAH; DEWI SUKMA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.18.2.71

Phalaenopsis is one of the most interesting genera of orchids due to the members are often used as parents to produce hybrids. The establishment and development of highly reliable and discriminatory methods for identifying species and cultivars has become increasingly more important to plant breeders and members of the nursery industry. The aim of this research was to develop sequence-based microsatellite (eSSR) markers for the Phalaenopsis orchid designed from the sequence of GenBank NCBI. Seventeen primers were designed and thirteen primers pairs could amplify the DNA giving the expected PCR product with polymorphism. A total of 51 alleles, with an average of 3 alleles per locus and polymorphism information content (PIC) values at 0.674, were detected at the 16 SSR loci. Therefore, these markers could be used for identification of the Phalaenopsis orchid used in this study. Genetic similarity and principle coordinate analysis identified five major groups of Phalaenopsis sp. the first group consisted of P. amabilis, P. fuscata, P. javanica, and P. zebrine. The second group consisted of P. amabilis, P. amboinensis, P. bellina, P. floresens, and P. mannii. The third group consisted of P. bellina, P. cornucervi, P. cornucervi, P. violaceae sumatra, P. modesta. The forth group consisted of P. cornucervi and P. lueddemanniana, and the fifth group was P. amboinensis.

The H5N1 influenza virus in Indonesia has caused more than 100 people died due to the virus infections. Cases in humans were mostly due to the virus spread from the infected birds. This study characterized molecularly the H5N1 virus from birds around the H5N1 infection cases in humans in Indonesia. Result from this study revealed that in several cases, waterfowl species could become the source of H5N1 infections in human. We found that the one of six viruses used in this study probably was a fi NI LUH PUTU INDI DHARMAYANTI; FERA IBRAHIM; . DARMINTO; AMIN SOEBANDRIO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.18.2.82

The H5N1 influenza virus in Indonesia has caused more than 100 people died due to the virus infections. Cases in humans were mostly due to the virus spread from the infected birds. This study characterized molecularly the H5N1 virus from birds around the H5N1 infection cases in humans in Indonesia. Result from this study revealed that in several cases, waterfowl species could become the source of H5N1 infections in human. We found that the one of six viruses used in this study probably was a first antigenic shift virus in Indonesia. This study shows that the AI viruses isolated from birds around humans infected by H5N1 virus has specific characteristics namely the presence of several amino acid substitutions especially on the M1 and M2 proteins. The substitutions are similar in most of H5N1 human cases in Indonesia.

Harvesting process is a critical time to identify the quality of raw material for traditional medicine. The time and harvesting techniques, drying process after harvesting, and processing to make the simplicia, are the crucial role to make the good quality of the natural product. On the other hand, there is a lack of general understanding and appreciation about the processes involved in governing shoot and tree growth and development, i.e. red guava. The research objective was to evaluate the i SANDRA ARIFIN AZIZ; MUNIF GHULAMAHDI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.18.2.97

Harvesting process is a critical time to identify the quality of raw material for traditional medicine. The time and harvesting techniques, drying process after harvesting, and processing to make the simplicia, are the crucial role to make the good quality of the natural product. On the other hand, there is a lack of general understanding and appreciation about the processes involved in governing shoot and tree growth and development, i.e. red guava. The research objective was to evaluate the influence of leaf harvesting and growth phases on red guava for flavonoid production as antioxidant. Randomized factorial block design in time were laid out with two factors and followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The treatments were the amount of leaf harvested on tertiary branches (0, 25, 50, and 100%) and growth phases of the plant (vegetative and generative). Leaf harvesting 25% on tertiary branches significantly increased the leaf number (766.3 tree-1) and the number of new quarternary branches, decreasing leaf area index (LAI) and leaf dry weight at the end of the experiment (22 weeks of observation/WO). The highest leaf dry weight (156.94 g tree-1) and LAI (0.47) was found in harvesting 25% tertiary branches. Harvesting 100% leaf on tertiary branches in vegetative phase significantly produced the lowest flavonoid production (7.82 g tree-1). The result suggested that flavonoid production from red guava leaves should be done by harvesting 50% leaf on tertiary branches in generative phase can be used to produce the highest flavonoid (89.90 g tree-1).

Methylotrophs inhabit the human mouth. In this study, methylotrophic bacteria were isolated from the human mouth microflora of 63 subjects, especially from the tongue, gingival, and subgingival area using minimal agar supplemented with 1% methanol. The obtained isolates were subjected to biochemical assays, continued with antibiotics susceptibility testing using ampicillin (10 mg), tetracycline (20 mg), kanamycin (30 mg), trimethoprim (5 mg), and streptomycin (10 mg). Genetic diversity was analy DIANA ELIZABETH WATURANGI; IVANA FRANCISCA IVANA FRANCISCA; CINDY OKTAVIA SUSANTO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.18.2.77

Methylotrophs inhabit the human mouth. In this study, methylotrophic bacteria were isolated from the human mouth microflora of 63 subjects, especially from the tongue, gingival, and subgingival area using minimal agar supplemented with 1% methanol. The obtained isolates were subjected to biochemical assays, continued with antibiotics susceptibility testing using ampicillin (10 mg), tetracycline (20 mg), kanamycin (30 mg), trimethoprim (5 mg), and streptomycin (10 mg). Genetic diversity was analyzed using ARDRA method. Isolates varying in morphology characteristics were amplified for 16S rRNA gene and continued with DNA sequencing. As many as 21 methylotrophic bacterial isolates were purified and divided into seven groups with different phenotypic profiles. A majority of the isolates were resistant to trimethoprim but sensitive to kanamycin, streptomycin, and tetracycline. Resistance to ampicillin was variable in each isolate. ARDRA showed nine different digestion profiles. DNA sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that six isolates with different phenotypic and digestion profiles were closely related to Methylobacterium radiotoleran (94%), Microbacterium esteraromaticum (99%), Pseudomonas sp. (100%), and three of them were exhibited 99, 99, and 98% sequence similarity with Gordonia sp., respectively. The results of this study revealed diversity among methylotrophic bacteria particularly in human mouth.

Tissue culture technique was used to obtain salt tolerant variants from embryogenic calluses of sugarcane (Saccharum sp. var. CP48-103) that cultured on a selective medium containing different levels of NaCl (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8% NaCl). A total of four plants regenerated from the tolerant calluses were selected but the best of them in vigor grown in in vitro and hydroponic systems under salinity stress to comparison with source variety. With increasing supply of NaCl in both systems, root MAHMOUD SHOMEILI; MAJID NABIPOUR; MOSA MESKARBASHEE; HAMID RAJABI MEMARI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.18.2.91

Tissue culture technique was used to obtain salt tolerant variants from embryogenic calluses of sugarcane (Saccharum sp. var. CP48-103) that cultured on a selective medium containing different levels of NaCl (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8% NaCl). A total of four plants regenerated from the tolerant calluses were selected but the best of them in vigor grown in in vitro and hydroponic systems under salinity stress to comparison with source variety. With increasing supply of NaCl in both systems, root growth was more adversely affected than was shoot growth. Chlorophyll contents showed a decreasing trend and dry matter yield of plants reduced but in a slow rate in tolerant somaclonal than source variety. The biochemical analysis showed that at high salt concentration, Cl- and Na+ content in shoot and root increased. With rising salt concentration from 0 to 0.8%, content of Cl- in shoot and root of tolerant variant changed lower than parent showed that this variant had genetic lowest ratio of shoot/root chloride and had minimum transport of Cl- to shoots. Also this variant had high content of Ca2+ in shoot and high K+/Na+ ratio at all salinity levels. Thus it probably has genetic potential to avoid harmful ions uptake.

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
-

Contact Email
-

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
hayati_j_biosci@cbn.net.id

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name -

Contact Email -

Phone -

Journal Mail Official hayati_j_biosci@cbn.net.id

Editorial Address -

Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
-

Contact Email
-

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
hayati_j_biosci@cbn.net.id

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA