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Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman
Published by Universitas Pattimura
ISSN : 20883609     EISSN : 27232697     DOI : https://doi.org/10.30598/ajitt
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Agrinimal journal accommodates articles / scientific works which has not been published yet. Fields of journal cover both aspects of animal sciences and agriculture sciences: animal feed and nutrition, feed science and technology, feed additive technology, ; animal reproduction and physiology, genetics, animal production; animal behaviour, welfare, livestock farming system; socio-economic and policy; and animal products science and technology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 145 Documents
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EVALUASI PENERAPAN BIOSEKURITI PADA USAHA PETERNAKAN AYAM PETELUR DI MANGGARAI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Puspita Cahya Achmadi; Maria Aprilliana Ade Karlina; Petrus Canisius Dario Tangi
Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman Vol 14 No 2 (2026): Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman
Publisher : Jurusan Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ajitt.2026.14.2.193-200

Abstract

Peningkatan produksi ayam petelur di Kabupaten Manggarai saat ini masih terkendala oleh risiko transmisi penyakit akibat inkonsistensi tata kelola biosekuriti pada usaha peternakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan sistem biosekuriti pada dua peternakan ayam petelur (layer) di Kabupaten Manggarai, Nusa Tenggara Timur, yaitu CV. Tri Mitra Bahagia Tuberti dan PT. Satu Hati. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus komparatif deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling. Evaluasi dilakukan berdasarkan enam indikator utama, yaitu pengelolaan kandang dan lingkungan, pengendalian penyakit dan kesehatan ayam, pengelolaan pakan dan air, kontrol akses kandang dan mobilitas, pelatihan pekerja, serta keamanan produksi telur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, kuesioner terstruktur berbasis indikator serta observasi langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CV. Tri Mitra Bahagia Tuberti menerapkan prinsip biosekuriti secara konsisten dengan kategori baik (skor 3), unggul dalam pengelolaan lingkungan kandang, pakan, dan keamanan produk. Sebaliknya, PT. Satu Hati berada pada kategori cukup baik (skor 2) dengan keunggulan spesifik hanya pada aspek pengendalian penyakit. Kedua peternakan masih menghadapi tantangan pada lemahnya kontrol mobilitas kendaraan dan minimnya pelatihan pekerja. Diperlukan tindakan strategis dalam penguatan standard operating procedure (SOP) biosekuriti sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan ketahanan peternakan layer di wilayah Manggarai. ABSTRACT The increase in layer chicken production in Manggarai Regency is currently hindered by the risk of disease transmission resulting from inconsistent biosecurity management in poultry farms. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of biosecurity systems at two layer chicken farms in Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara: CV. Tri Mitra Bahagia Tuberti and PT. Satu Hati. The research employed a quantitative descriptive comparative case study approach utilizing a purposive sampling technique. The evaluation was based on six key indicators: housing and environmental management; disease control and chicken health; feed and water management; housing access control and mobility; worker training; and egg production safety. Data collection was conducted through interviews, structured indicator-based questionnaires, and direct observation. The results indicated that CV. Tri Mitra Bahagia Tuberti consistently implemented biosecurity principles, achieving a "good" rating (score of 3), and excelled in housing environment, feed, and product safety management. Conversely, PT. Satu Hati was classified in the "fairly good" category (score of 2), demonstrating a specific advantage only in disease control. Both farms still faced challenges regarding weak vehicle mobility control and a lack of worker training. Strategic actions are required to strengthen biosecurity Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to improve the productivity and resilience of layer farms in the Manggarai region.
SUBSTITUSI JAGUNG DENGAN TEPUNG PORANG HUTAN TERFERMENTASI TERHADAP PERFORMA BABI PERANAKAN LANDRACE FASE STARTER Asael Ebson Nabut; Ni Gusti Ayu Mulyantini; Arnold Elyazar Manu; Wilmientje Marlene Nalley; Imanuel Benu
Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman Vol 14 No 2 (2026): Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman
Publisher : Jurusan Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ajitt.2026.14.2.175-183

Abstract

Ketergantungan industri peternakan babi di Nusa Tenggara Timur pada jagung memicu tingginya biaya produksi ransum, sehingga diperlukan pemanfaatan bahan pakan lokal alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh substitusi jagung dengan tepung porang hutan terfermentasi (TPHF) menggunakan ragi tape terhadap performa babi peranakan Landrace fase starter. Sebanyak 20 ekor babi peranakan Landrace berumur 1–2 bulan dengan bobot awal 6–11 kg dialokasikan ke dalam 4 perlakuan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 ulangan: P0 (kontrol; 100% jagung), P1 (substitusi 20% TPHF), P2 (substitusi 30% TPHF), dan P3 (substitusi 40% TPHF). Variabel yang diamati meliputi konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBB), dan konversi pakan selama 10 minggu pemeliharaan. Hasil analisis ragam (ANOVA) menunjukkan bahwa substitusi jagung dengan TPHF hingga level 40% tidak berpengaruh nyata (p > 0,05) terhadap seluruh variabel performa produksi. Konsumsi ransum berkisar antara 971,00–1.037,00 g/ekor/hari, PBB sebesar 338,57–370,00 g/ekor/hari, dan konversi pakan berkisar antara 2,36–2,57. Secara numerik, perlakuan P1 (substitusi 20%) memberikan respons performa produksi terbaik. Disimpulkan bahwa TPHF dapat mensubstitusi penggunaan jagung hingga level 40% tanpa menurunkan efisiensi dan performa produksi babi Landrace fase starter. ABSTRACT The high dependence of the pig farming industry in East Nusa Tenggara on corn triggers high ration production costs, necessitating the utilization of alternative local feed ingredients. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of substituting corn with fermented wild porang flour (FWPF) using tape yeast on the performance of starter-phase crossbred Landrace pigs. A total of 20 crossbred Landrace pigs aged 1–2 months with an initial weight of 6–11 kg were allocated into 4 treatments using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 replications: P0 (control; 100% corn), P1 (20% FWPF substitution), P2 (30% FWPF substitution), and P3 (40% FWPF substitution). The variables observed included ration consumption, daily weight gain (DWG), and feed conversion during the 10-week rearing period. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that substituting corn with FWPF up to the 40% level had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on all production performance variables. Ration consumption ranged from 971.00–1,037.00 g/head/day, DWG was 338.57–370.00 g/head/day, and feed conversion ranged from 2.36–2.57. Numerically, the P1 treatment (20% substitution) provided the best production performance response. It was concluded that FWPF can substitute the use of corn up to the 40% level without reducing the efficiency and production performance of starter-phase Landrace pigs.
POTENSI PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN YOGURT MELALUI FORTIFIKASI EKSTRAK BUAH, REMPAH, DAN BERBAGAI JENIS TEH: REVIEW Irfan Fadhlurrohman; Muhammad Iqbal Maulana; Regina Ananda Pratiwi; Robiul Akhwal; Triana Setyawardani; Juni Sumarmono
Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman Vol 14 No 2 (2026): Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman
Publisher : Jurusan Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ajitt.2026.14.2.201-212

Abstract

Yogurt merupakan produk pangan fungsional yang mengandung bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dan berbagai senyawa bioaktif hasil fermentasi, namun aktivitas antioksidannya masih dapat ditingkatkan melalui fortifikasi bahan alami. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penambahan berbagai bahan fortifikasi, meliputi buah, rempah, dan teh terhadap aktivitas antioksidan yogurt dan mengevaluasi pengaruhnya terhadap viabilitas BAL. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan menelusuri artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2016–2026 melalui Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan ResearchGate. Artikel yang relevan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan jenis bahan, konsentrasi fortifikasi, peningkatan aktivitas antioksidan, serta pengaruhnya terhadap BAL. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa fortifikasi buah, teh, dan rempah secara umum mampu meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidan yogurt, tetapi besarnya peningkatan berbeda bergantung pada jenis dan konsentrasi bahan. Fortifikasi buah seperti bit, buah naga, dan alpukat dilaporkan menghasilkan peningkatan aktivitas antioksidan hingga 97,94%, sedangkan teh, terutama teh hijau dan teh hitam, menunjukkan peningkatan hingga 96,87% yang berkaitan dengan kandungan polifenol. Rempah seperti jahe, kayu manis, dan lada hitam juga berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan aktivitas antioksidan melalui kandungan senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid. Peningkatan aktivitas antioksidan tersebut umumnya terjadi pada konsentrasi fortifikan tertentu, sedangkan penggunaan konsentrasi yang terlalu tinggi berpotensi menurunkan penerimaan sensoris dan menghambat viabilitas BAL. Secara keseluruhan, fortifikasi bahan alami berpotensi meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidan yogurt tanpa mengganggu viabilitas BAL apabila digunakan pada konsentrasi yang sesuai. Pemilihan jenis dan konsentrasi fortifikan menjadi faktor penting dalam menghasilkan yogurt dengan aktivitas antioksidan tinggi, viabilitas BAL yang tetap baik, dan kualitas produk yang dapat diterima. ABSTRACT Yogurt is a functional food product containing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and various bioactive compounds derived from fermentation; however, its antioxidant activity can be further enhanced through fortification with natural ingredients. This article aims to review the impact of adding various fortifying agents—including fruits, tea, and spices—on the antioxidant activity of yogurt and to evaluate their effects on LAB viability. A literature review method was employed, involving a search for scientific articles published between 2016 and 2026 via Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate. Relevant articles were analyzed descriptively by comparing ingredient types, fortification concentrations, increases in antioxidant activity, and effects on LAB. The review results indicate that fortification with fruits, tea, and spices generally enhances yogurt's antioxidant activity, although the magnitude of this increase varies depending on the type and concentration of the ingredient. Fortification with fruits such as beetroot, dragon fruit, and avocado has been reported to increase antioxidant activity by up to 97.94%, while tea—particularly green and black tea—showed increases of up to 96.87%, attributed to polyphenol content. Spices such as ginger, cinnamon, and black pepper also contribute to increased antioxidant activity through their phenolic and flavonoid content. These increases in antioxidant activity generally occur at specific fortificant concentrations; conversely, excessively high concentrations may reduce sensory acceptability and inhibit LAB viability. Overall, fortification with natural ingredients has the potential to enhance yogurt's antioxidant activity without compromising LAB viability, provided appropriate concentrations are used. The selection of the type and concentration of the fortifying agent is a crucial factor in producing yogurt with high antioxidant activity, maintained LAB viability, and acceptable product quality.
KUALITAS FISIK DAN SKOR FLEIGH SILASE LIMBAH SERAI WANGI (Cymbopogon nardus) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EM4 DAN MOLASE Ardiva Yusuf Rizadane; Mega Royani; Solehudin Solehudin
Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman Vol 14 No 2 (2026): Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman
Publisher : Jurusan Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ajitt.2026.14.2.213-221

Abstract

Limbah penyulingan serai wangi (Cymbopogon nardus) berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai silase untuk mengatasi penurunan ketersediaan hijauan pakan ruminansia pada musim kemarau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan berbagai level Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM4) dan molase terhadap kualitas fisik silase limbah serai wangi. Metode eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan, yaitu P1 (1% EM4 + 1% molase), P2 (2% EM4 + 2% molase), P3 (3% EM4 + 3% molase), dan P4 (4% EM4 + 4% molase), masing-masing diulang lima kali. Variabel yang diamati meliputi warna, aroma, tekstur, keberadaan jamur, pH, dan skor Fleigh. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan level EM4 dan molase tidak berpengaruh nyata (p > 0,05) terhadap warna (cokelat kekuningan) dan tekstur (agak kasar). Namun, perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (p < 0,05) terhadap aroma, keberadaan jamur, penurunan pH, dan skor Fleigh. Kombinasi dosis 4% EM4 dan 4% molase menghasilkan silase limbah serai wangi paling baik dengan aroma asam segar, bebas kontaminasi jamur, pH terendah (4,68), dan skor Fleigh tertinggi (79,12; kategori baik). Meskipun demikian, penggunaan dosis minimal 2% EM4 dan 2% molase sudah mampu menghasilkan karakteristik fisik silase yang layak. ABSTRACT Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) distillation waste has the potential to be utilized as silage to overcome the decline in forage availability for ruminants during the dry season. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding various levels of Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM4) and molasses on the physical quality of citronella waste silage. An experimental method was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments: P1 (1% EM4 + 1% molasses), P2 (2% EM4 + 2% molasses), P3 (3% EM4 + 3% molasses), and P4 (4% EM4 + 4% molasses), each replicated five times. The observed variables included color, aroma, texture, the presence of fungi, pH, and Flieg score. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that increasing the levels of EM4 and molasses had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on color (yellowish-brown) and texture (slightly coarse). However, the treatments significantly affected (P < 0.05) aroma, the presence of fungi, pH decrease, and Flieg score. The combination of 4% EM4 and 4% molasses produced the best citronella waste silage, characterized by a fresh sour aroma, no fungal contamination, the lowest pH (4.68), and the highest Flieg score (79.12; good category). Nonetheless, a minimum dose of 2% EM4 and 2% molasses was already capable of producing acceptable physical silage characteristics.
KARAKTERISTIK ORGAN DALAM, KARKAS DAN MEAT BONE RATIO AYAM RAS PEDAGING YANG DIBERI JAMU HERBAL FERMENTASI Eli Sahara; Sofia Sandi; Muchlison Fasya; Pretty Kurnia Sari; Lirra Appriansyah; Wahyu Abdan
Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman Vol 14 No 2 (2026): Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman
Publisher : Jurusan Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ajitt.2026.14.2.222-230

Abstract

Penggunaan fitobiotik herbal fermentasi berpotensi besar untuk menggantikan peran antibiotik pemacu pertumbuhan (Antibiotic Growth Promoters) pada industri unggas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian jamu herbal fermentasi dalam air minum dengan level berbeda terhadap bobot relatif organ dalam, persentase karkas, dan meat bone ratio (MBR) ayam ras pedaging (broiler) fase finisher. Eksperimen menggunakan rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan level jamu dalam air minum, yaitu P0 (0 ml/L), P1 (7,5 ml/L), P2 (10 ml/L), dan P3 (12,5 ml/L) menggunakan 5 ulangan sekat kandang (masing-masing berisi 3 ekor) dengan total 60 ekor ayam broiler strain CP707. Variabel yang diamati meliputi bobot relatif organ dalam (jantung, hati, proventrikulus, pankreas, tembolok, gizzard, sekum), panjang relatif usus halus, persentase karkas serta bagian-bagiannya, dan nilai MBR pada dada, paha, dan sayap dari broiler umur 35 hari. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA menggunakan SPSS pada taraf 5%. Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (p > 0,05) terhadap seluruh variabel yang diamati. Rendemen karkas total berada pada kisaran optimal 72,17–73,29% serta nilai MBR bagian paha menunjukkan tren peningkatan numerik dari 5,46 (P0) menjadi 7,71 (P3). Suplementasi jamu herbal fermentasi hingga dosis 12,5 ml/L aman (non-toksik) digunakan serta mampu mempertahankan stabilitas homeostasis fisiologis dan struktur dasar karkas broiler. ABSTRACT The use of fermented herbal phytobiotics holds great potential to replace the role of Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs) in the poultry industry. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of administering fermented herbal medicine (jamu) in drinking water at different levels on the relative internal organ weight, carcass percentage, and meat-bone ratio (MBR) of broiler chickens during the finisher phase. The experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 levels of jamu treatment in drinking water: P0 (0 ml/L), P1 (7.5 ml/L), P2 (10 ml/L), and P3 (12.5 ml/L). Each treatment was replicated 5 times per pen unit (each containing 3 birds), using a total of 60 CP707 strain broiler chickens. Variables observed included the relative weight of internal organs (heart, liver, proventriculus, pancreas, crop, gizzard, caecum), relative length of the small intestine, percentage of carcass and its commercial cuts, and MBR values of the breast, thigh, and wing of 35-day-old broilers. Data were analyzed using ANOVA via SPSS at a 5% significance level. The analysis of variance showed that the treatments had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on any of the observed variables. Total carcass yield remained within the optimal range of 72.17–73.29%, and the thigh MBR value showed a numerical increasing trend from 5.46 (P0) to 7.71 (P3). In conclusion, supplementation of fermented herbal medicine up to a dose of 12.5 ml/L is safe (non-toxic) for use and capable of maintaining the stability of physiological homeostasis and the basic carcass structure of broiler chickens.

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