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MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology

mediapeternakan
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : - EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Articles 522 Documents

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Fermentation Quality and in Vitro Nutrient Digestibility of Fresh Rice Straw-Based Silage Treated with Lactic Acid Bacteria B Santoso; B Tj Hariadi; V Sabariah; T Sraun
Media Peternakan Vol. 37 No. 2 (2014): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aim of the experiment was to evaluate fermentation characteristics and in vitro nutrient digestibility of fresh rice straw-based silage ensiled with addition of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculant. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, with 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The first factor was the ratio of fresh rice straw (FRS), tofu waste (TW) and cassava waste (CW) consisted of two levels i.e., 40 : 20 : 40 and 40 : 25 : 35, on dry matter (DM) basis). The second factor was the level of LAB inoculant with two levels ie., 0 and 20 mL/kg FM. The treatments were (A) FRS + TW + CW with the ratio of 40 : 20 : 40, without LAB inoculant; (B) FRS + TW + CW with the ratio of 40 : 20 : 40 + LAB inoculant; (C) FRS + TW + CW with the ratio of 40 : 25 : 35, without LAB inoculant; (D) FRS + TW + CW with ratio of 40 : 25 : 35 + LAB inoculant. Results showed that addition of LAB inoculant in silage increased lactic acid concentration (P0.05) on chemical composition, fermentation quality of silage and in vitro digestibility. It was concluded that mixture silage with ratio of 40 : 20 : 40 with the addition of LAB inoculant had the best fermentation quality and nutrient digestibility than other silages.

The Genetic Variability of Prolactin and Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 5A (STAT5A) Genes in Bali Cattle Komang Alit Paramitasari; Cece Sumantri; . Jakaria
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 1 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aim of this study was to identify the genetic variability of PRL and STAT5A genes in Bali cattle from Bali, West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), and South Sulawesi (SS) using PCR-RFLP method. A total of 262 Bali cattle were identified using RsaI (PRL) and AvaI (STAT5A) restriction enzymes. PRL gene exon 3, PRL gene exon 4, and STAT5A gene exon 7 amplifications resulted fragments with the lengths of 156 bp, 294 bp, 215 bp, respectively. Genotyping of PRL gene both at exon 3 and 4 produced three genotypes in Bali population and two genotypes in NTB and SS population. For the PRL gene, frequencies of A allele (exon 3) and G allele (exon 4) were dominant to the B allele (exon 3) and A allele (exon 4) across all populations. The results showed that STAT5A|AvaI loci had monomorphic C allele. Heterozygosity values were found low at both exons 3 and 4 of PRL gene in all population. Sequence analysis results of PRL gene both for exons 3 and 4 showed that there was a mutation between adenine (A) and guanine (G) bases in the RsaI recognized site, whereas in STAT5A gene we can confirm the existence of AvaI restriction site (C|CCGAG).Key words: bali cattle, genetic polymorphism, PCR-RFLP, prolactin gene, STAT5A gene

Technical Efficiency of Beef Cattle Breeding Business in East Java Province L S Kalangi; Y Syaukat; S U Kuntjoro; A Priyanti
Media Peternakan Vol. 37 No. 2 (2014): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The objectives of this research were to compare technical efficiency of beef cattle business operating in lowland and upland areas of East Java and to identify and analyze factors affecting the technical efficiency as well as inefficiency of that business. A survey was conducted to 89 farmers in the lowland area of Probolinggo District and 97 farmers in the upland areas of Malang Districts during the period of February-March 2013. Results of stochastic frontier production function with MLE method showed that the average technical efficiency in lowland area was higher (80%) compared to that in upland area (64%). The results indicated that beef cattle production was highly significant and positively influenced by total of grasses and forages, rice straw, feed supplements, stock of cattle, labor time allocation and service per conception. However, location of the business, whether in lowland and upland areas was a significant factor that could increase the efficiency. Some factors that could significantly reduce the technical inefficiency of beef cattle business were: labor force in family, education level, proportion of beef cattle income to total household income, age of cattle sold, cattle health examination, ownership status of the cattle, and gender. Therefore, (1) the existing farmers group should be improved their role to facilitate trading of cattle feed, and (2) the government should facilitate the farmers in the provision of funding tu buy beef cattle with a subsidized interest rate, so the farmers will be more enthusiast in taking care of their cattle, thus could improve their production efficiency.

Detection of Factor XI Deficiency (FXID) and Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM) in Bali Cattle Sri Wahyuni Siswanti; Cece Sumantri; Jakaria jakaria
Media Peternakan Vol. 37 No. 3 (2014): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Factor XI Deficiency (FXID) is caused by imperfect insertion of poly adenine which is resulted in introduction of premature stop codon in FXI gene. Substitution of guanine into thymine in SLC35A3 gene caused Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM). The research was aimed to detect the presence or absence of a genetic defect mainly CVM using SLC35A3 gene and FXID using FXI gene in Indonesian Bali cattle. The presence of this genetic defect may have a significant economic impact on the breeding program. The research of genetic defect was done mostly in dairy cattle, but there was no report for screening of genetic defect in Bali cattle. In this study, 303 fresh blood samples and 22 semen samples which were collected from Indonesian Bali cattle breeding center (BPTU HMT Denpasar, BPT HMT Serading West Nusa Tenggara and district Barru South Sulawesi) and artificial insemination centre (BBIB Singosari and BIBD Baturiti) were used for screening of FXID and CVM. The amplicons of FXI gene were obtained by using PCR and that for SLC35A3 gene were obtained by using PCR-RFLP method with PstI restriction enzyme. These PCR products were analyzed by using 2% agarose gels electrophoresis. All genotypes were confirmed by DNA sequencing to determine an allele mutant. The allele mutant was not found in all of the samples. The result of this study showed that CVM and FXID were not detected in Bali cattle from Indonesian Bali cattle breeding and artificial insemination centres.Key words: Bali cattle, genetic defect, SLC35S3 gene, factor XI gene

Body Resistance and Productive Performances of Crossbred Local Chicken Fed Inulin of Dahlia Tubers N Fajrih; N Suthama; V D Yunianto
Media Peternakan Vol. 37 No. 2 (2014): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The research was aimed to examine the role of inulin as a prebiotic derived from dahlia flower tuber in the form of powder and extract as a prebiotic on body immunity of crossbred local chicken. The research was assigned in a completely randomized design with 7 treatments and 4 replications (10 birds each). The treatments applied were T0: basal ration, T1: ration + 0.4% powder, T2: ration + 0.8% powder, T3: ration + 1.2% powder, T4: ration + 0.39% extract, T5: ration + 0. 78% extract, T6: ration + 1.17% extract. The birds were reared for conditioning from day 1 until day 21, and dietary treatment was given thereafter until 11 wk of age. The data were statistically analyzed according to ANOVA and continued to Duncan test at the level of 5% probability. The results showed that feeding inulin in the form of powder or extract significantly (P

Xylanase Activity of Streptomyces violascences BF 3.10 on Xylan Corncobs and its Xylooligosaccharide Production Wida Salupi; . Yopi; A. Meryandini
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 1 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Corn is one of the important carbohydrate sources in Indonesia that is mainly used for food and industrial materials. In addition, the byproducts of corn, such as corncobs, have been reported as xylan-containing materials that can be utilized as substrate in xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production. XOS are natural prebiotic fibers that can enhance the performance of animal’s digestive system. The main objective of this study was to exploit xylan from corncobs to produce XOS. The research consisted of extraction and production of xylan from corncobs and the synthesis of XOS from corncob-produced xylan. The corncob and Streptomyces violascens BF 3.10 xylanase is a collection of PPSHB IPB Laboratory. Corncobs xylan extracted by using alkaline method and reducting sugar was analyzed by dinitrosalicylic acid method. The xylan extraction from corncobs could produce 7.93% (w/w) of xylan. The activity of S. violascens BF 3.10 xylanase on the substrate of concorb-produced xylan was 6.4 U/mL at the optimum temperature of 60 °C in 50 mM phosphate buffer with pH 5.5. The thin layer chromatography analysis indicated that 1% (w/v) corn-cob xylan could produce XOS with degree of polymerization (DP) 3.92. XOS, with DP ranging from 2-4, could be used as a livestock feed mixture to stimulate the growth of normal microbes in the gastrointestinal tract of livestock.Key words: corncobs, Streptomyces violascens BF 3.10, xylan, xylanase

Characteristics of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Gastrointestinal Tract of Cemani Chicken and Their Potential Use as Probiotics Siti Nur Jannah; Achmad Dinoto; Komang Gede Wiryawan; Iman Rusmana
Media Peternakan Vol. 37 No. 3 (2014): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aims of this study were to screen and characterize lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from gastrointestinal (GI) tract of Cemani chicken, one of Indonesian local chicken and to investigate their potential use as probiotics. LAB were isolated from GI tract using MRSA and GYPA media and incubated anaerobically. Selected LAB were determined their probiotic properties with several assays. Identification of selected LAB was based on 16S rDNA sequences, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Ninety five bacteria were isolated and characterized as lactic acid bacteria (Gram positive, catalase negative, non sporeforming and acid producing). Twenty four isolates of LAB demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli JCM 1649 and Salmonella enteritidis B2586, and three selected isolates, i.e. CCM011, CSP004, and CVM002 showed the highest inhibition activity. The isolates had characters of high cell surface hydrophobicity and inter-isolate coaggregation ability of LAB, high survival at low pH, high phytase and protease activity (but no amylase and lipase activity), weak coaggregation with pathogen and no resistance to the examined antibiotics. The isolates were identified based on sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene as Lactobacillus salivarius, however, each isolate had different profiles of sugar fermentation. Therefore the three LAB isolates had potential application as probiotics for chicken.Key words: Cemani chicken, gastrointestinal tract, lactic acid bacteria, probiotic

Methane Mitigation and Microbial Diversity of Silage Diets Containing Calliandra calothyrsus in a Rumen in Vitro Fermentation System R Ridwan; I Rusmana; Y Widyastuti; K G Wiryawan; B Prasetya; M Sakamoto; M Ohkuma
Media Peternakan Vol. 37 No. 2 (2014): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of silage based diets on methane (CH4) mitigation and microbial diversity in a rumen in vitro fermentation. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The dietary treatments consisted of varying levels of silage containing 50% Calliandra calothyrsus as follows K; 100% concentrate + pure tannic acid of 1 mg/mL, R1; 25% silage + 75% concentrate, R2; 50% silage + 50% concentrate, R3; 75% silage + 25% concentrate, and R4; 100% silage. The fermentation variables measured were total gas, CH4, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), VFAs, pH, N-NH3, number of protozoa, and microbial diversity analysis. Increasing level of silages reduced total gas production, CH4 concentration, IVOMD, index of bacterial diversity, protozoal number, total methanogens and Methanobacteriales population. Diet with 25% to 50% silage decreased CH4 concentration, total gas production and IVOMD by 11.43%, 24.92%, and 18.73%, respectively. Ammonia N and VFAs (except butyrate and valerate) were significantly reduced (P

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Porang by Streptomyces violascens BF 3.10 Mannanase for the Production of Mannooligosaccharides Azizah Hikma Safitri; Anja Meryandini; Yopi -
Media Peternakan Vol. 37 No. 3 (2014): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) is an indigenous Indonesian plant containing high hemicellulose as a source of glucomannan. An alternative way to produce a good quality of mannooligosaccharides was through hydrolysis of glucomannan by endo-β mannnase from actynomicetes. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, BF 3.10 isolate, isolated from Bukit Duabelas National Park soil, Jambi was identified as Streptomyces violascens BF 3.10. Reducing sugar was analyzed by dinitrosalicylic acid methods. The highest reducing sugar was achieved at the 72 hours of incubation. Mannanase of isolate BF 3.10 had the highest activity at pH 6 and temperature of 70 °C with enzyme activity of 16.38 U/mL and was stable at 4 °C for 48 h. During 5-hour of hydrolysis with substrate concentration of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% porang glucomannan dissolved in 10 mL enzyme, mannooligosaccharides were produced with the degree of polymerization of 2-3. Visualization of the products by using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods showed that mannooligosaccharides produced comprised of glucose, mannobiose, mannotriose, and mannotetraose. The degree of polymerization and the simple sugars produced indicated that mannanase produced by S. violascens actively catalyzed the hydrolysis of 1.4-β-D-mannoside linkage from β-1.4-mannan backbone, that eventually produced simple sugars of mannooligosaccharides.Key words: glucomannan, mannanase, mannooligosaccharides, porang, Streptomyces violascens

Sonographic Appearance of Abdominal Wall at the Left Flank of Laparotomy Incision Site in Ettawah Grade Does Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum; Dedi R. Setiadi; Budianto Panjaitan; Muchidin Noordin; . Amrozi
Media Peternakan Vol. 37 No. 3 (2014): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aim of this study was to describe the sonographic appearance of abdominal wall at the left flank of laparotomy incision site in 11 mated Ettawah grade does. Brightness-mode ultrasound examination by using transducer with frequency of 5.0-6.0 MHz was conducted to grouping the does based on their pregnancy statuses. The incision site of the abdominal wall at left flank laparotomy was transcutaneous-scanned as long as 8 cm vertically. The sonographic appearance of the laparotomy wall thickness showed that in all groups of does were similar and not different statistically. The thickness of oblique external and oblique internal abdominal muscles increased in the pregnant does as compared to non-pregnant does (P<0.05).Key words: laparotomy, left flank, ultrasonography, incision site, Ettawah grade does

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