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<![CDATA[Pemenuhan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Dinamika Perubahan Kebijakan Pendidikan Anak dan Teknologi Selama Pandemi Covid-19 ]]>
<![CDATA[Ellora Sukardi]]>;
<![CDATA[Graceyana Jennifer]]>;
<![CDATA[Vanesia Ciayadi Kwang]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 3, No 1 (2022): Maret ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.18196/jphk.v3i1.12427
<![CDATA[Penelitian yuridis normatif ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji implikasi dinamika regulasi Pemerintah dalam bidang pendidikan terhadap pemenuhan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) di masa pandemi Covid-19. Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan tantangan bagi Pemerintah untuk tetap memperhatikan kesejahteraan hidup masyarakatnya, terutama di bidang Pendidikan. Pendidikan merupakan hak asasi setiap orang yang penting dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, karena melalui pendidikanlah individu dapat mengembangkan kemampuan intelektualnya sehingga berdaya saing di kemudian hari. Pemerintah mengubah kebijakan sistem pembelajaran yang dilakukan secara langsung menjadi daring, yang membutuhkan sarana dan prasarana yang memadai. Akan tetapi kebijakan Pemerintah ini tidak dibarengi dengan penyediaan sarana dan prasarana yang memadai, sehingga kebijakan ini justru menghambat anak-anak dalam mengikuti pembelajaran daring. Bahkan ada beberapa siswa yang mengalami putus sekolah. Kejadian ini menunjukan kelalaian pemenuhan HAM yang sudah semestinya dipenuhi, mengingat amanat dari UUD 1945 untuk mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Penelitian ini menemukan fakta bahwa dinamika hukum yang ada selama pandemi tidak menjadi penyelesaian yang tepat terhadap problematika pendidikan yang ada dan justru menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dalam implementasinya, sehingga perlu adanya instrumen hukum dengan parameter yang jelas mengenai mekanisme pendidikan yang tepat, guna menjamin pemenuhan HAM atas pendidikan oleh setiap anak.]]>
<![CDATA[Monopoly Analysis of a Limited Liability of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) ]]>
<![CDATA[Machmud, Aris]]>;
<![CDATA[Mubarok, Djihadul]]>;
<![CDATA[Majid, Abdul]]>;
<![CDATA[Aprilianda, Nurini]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 3, No 2 (2022): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.18196/jphk.v3i2.15825
<![CDATA[Monopoly is regulated in the regulation of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) as the right to regulate (bestuur) all state resources as mandated by the constitution of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution and also the BUMN Law Number 19 of 2003 where one of them is a company that is an entity a government-owned business in the form of a limited liability company. The capital is divided into wholly or at least 51 percent of the shares owned by the Republic of Indonesia with the main objective of pursuing profit. In the case of SOEs, corporate actions are determined by the direction of state policies in their economy. Problem formulation based on the above background, is monopolistic and de-monopoly practices against SOEs, inconsistency of the government? This research used normative juridical with a quantitative analytical approach and examines literature studies that conclude. The study results showed that corporate action was not doubt or inconsistency in implementing a state monopoly. However, this holding was to increase the capacity and existence of SOEs as agents of development and the state in managing resources related to many people’s lives.]]>
<![CDATA[Politik Hukum Praperadilan sebagai Lembaga Perlindungan Hak Tersangka Ditinjau dari Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014 mengenai Penetapan Tersangka ]]>
<![CDATA[Shandy Herlian Firmansyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Achmad Miftah Farid]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 3, No 2 (2022): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.18196/jphk.v3i2.15195
<![CDATA[Kewenangan melakukan pembatasan kebebasan pribadi dalam penetapan tersangka kasus pidana hanya dimiliki oleh Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia. Hal ini menyebabkan tidak adanya mekanisme pengawasan bagi kepolisian ketika melakukan proses penangkapan, penahanan ataupun penggeledahan terhadap seorang tersangka. Ditetapkannya Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana berfungsi untuk mengatur kelembagaan praperadilan dalam melaksanakan upaya pengawasan horizontal terhadap tindakan pembatasan kebebasan pribadi yang bersifat memaksa. Lembaga praperadilan diciptakan sebagai upaya bagi tersangka untuk mengajukan keberatan terhadap proses penyelidikan dan penyidikan yang dilakukan oleh penyidik dari kepolisian. Adanya mekanisme praperadilan terebut diharapkan proses penegakan hukum tidak dilakukan sewenang-wenang oleh Kepolisian Republik Indonesia yang dapat mengakibatkan pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Penelitian hukum normatif dengan studi kepustakaan ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengelaborasi politik hukum preperadilan dalam perlindungan hak tersangka yang ditunjau dari Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014 tentang sah atau tidaknya penetapan tersangka. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa masih terdapat kesewenangan dalam penetapan tersangka yang dilakukan oleh aparat Kepolisian. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa masih banyak tersangka yang tidak mengetahui adanya upaya hukum yang dapat dilakukan ketika hak pribadinya dilanggar. Hal ini menyebabkan kurangnya pemahaman dan kesadaran hukum dari tersangka.]]>
<![CDATA[Dampak Politik Hukum dan Respon Masyarakat atas Pembaharuan Undang-Undang Minerba ]]>
<![CDATA[Nur Fadilah Al Idrus]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 3, No 2 (2022): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.18196/jphk.v3i2.14898
<![CDATA[Undang-Undang No. 4 Tahun 2009 tentang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara dianggap masih belum memiliki kemajuan dalam menangani masalah yang terjadi dalam bidang pertambangan di Indonesia. Pembaruan Undang-Undang Minerba menjadi Undang-Undang No. 3 Tahun 2020 diharapkan dapat memperbaiki pertambangan minerba sehingga memiliki partisipasi nyata terhadap masyarakat. Namun RUU yang dirancang tahun 2019 nyatanya mengalami resistensi dari masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana politik hukum pemerintah dan respon masyarakat atas pembaruan UU Minerba. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan sumber hukum yang berasal dari peraturan perundang-undangan, buku, jurnal ilmiah dan website. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa politik hukum dalam UU Minerba mengarah pada perkembangan hukum yang praktis serta mendukung sektor pertambangan dan mengatur mengenai hak dan kewajiban serta perlindungan pengusaha pertambangan dan lain sebagainya. Selain itu politik hukum yang terlihat jelas yaitu mengenai pemberian perlindungan ekonomi untuk rakyat dan Negara, sekalipun terdapat kerugian yang ditimbulkan. Poin yang perlu diperhatikan dalam UU Minerba yang baru yaitu terkait kewenangan pengelolaan serta perizinan, perpanjangan izin operasi, hilirisasi atau peningkatan nilai tambah, divestasi, tidak berdasarkan landasan tata ruang, serta pertambangan rakyat, reklamasi dan pasca tambang. Respon masyarakat terkait pembaruan perundangan ini tergolong menjadi dua yaitu pro dan kontra. Pihak pro bernggapan bahwa pembaruan ini lebih jelas dan sesuai. Sedangkan pihak yang kontra beranggapan bahwa regulasi baru terkait minerba hanya untuk kepentingan pemilik modal utama sehingga perlu dilakukan kritik. Selain itu, pembentukan UU ini juga dianggap terlalu kilat dan tidak disertai adanya keterlibatan masyarakat karena dilakukan pada saat wabah Covid-19.]]>
<![CDATA[The Role of International Law in the Resolution of Boundary Disputes in Africa: A Case Study of Bakassi Peninsula ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdulyakeen, Abdulrasheed]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 3, No 2 (2022): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.18196/jphk.v3i2.14267
<![CDATA[This paper investigates how international law helped Nigeria and Cameroon settle their territorial dispute over the Bakassi Peninsula from 1999 to 2008. The study utilized the case study research design with a qualitative approach which enabled data to be derived from various sources, including documentary records and semi-structured elite interviews. The findings showed that the ICJ’s ruling in October 2002 did not address urgent and immediate compliance. All subsequent attempts at arbitration were guided by the law established by the dispute resolution in the form of an award. Every diplomatic tactic employed was modified to follow the court’s ruling, resulting in a peaceful conclusion of the conflict and enhancing the continued importance of law in international interactions between states.]]>
<![CDATA[Cryptocurrency as a Digital Property in Indonesian Law Perspective ]]>
<![CDATA[Bintarto, Muhammad Al Ikhwan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 3, No 2 (2022): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.18196/jphk.v3i2.15134
<![CDATA[Cryptocurrency is the result of technological developments. The first cryptocurrency is bitcoin, introduced by Satoshi Nakamoto as a decentralized digital currency with a safe haven. Then over time, some countries recognized cryptocurrency as property are Netherlands, China, and others. Indonesia has classified cryptocurrency as a commodity. This study will discuss the legal views of property in Indonesian law regarding cryptocurrency. This study analyzed cryptocurrencies according to the material elements in Indonesian law, considering the classification of cryptocurrencies as commodities in Indonesia. This research applied a normative method with a statutory approach through primary and secondary legal materials, analyzed by descriptive analysis. This research found several material aspects in KUH Perdata that could be fulfilled in cryptocurrency. Law No. 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions article 1 paragraph 2 mentions that Electronic transactions are legal acts carried out using a computer, computer network, or other media.]]>
<![CDATA[Democracy and Development in Africa: Contending Issues and Prospects for the 21st Centuries ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdulyakeen, Abdulrasheed]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 4, No 1 (2023): Maret ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.18196/jphk.v4i1.14406
<![CDATA[The study examines contentious issues related to democracy and development in Africa. Substantially relying on secondary sources of data collection to adequately reflect the issues involved in this study, an interdisciplinary approach to historical research was adopted using content analysis. The study discovered empirical evidence supporting the argument that leadership changes are frequent or uncommon. In both situations, these leaders choose to govern in countries with weak or non-existent institutions, allowing them to avoid accountability for their corrupt behavior and abuse of office. According to the study, some challenges that have slowed development are lack of accountability, transparency, and democratic government, which must be addressed realistically for progress. Making the African system run more effectively and efficiently depends on the characteristics and eccentricities of those in authority.]]>
<![CDATA[The Urgency of the Constitutional Question by the Constitutional Court and Its Relevance to the Indonesian Democracy Index during the COVID-19 Pandemic ]]>
<![CDATA[Madjid, Mario Agritama S.W.]]>;
<![CDATA[Asmorojati, Anom Wahyu]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 4, No 1 (2023): Maret ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.18196/jphk.v4i1.17237
<![CDATA[The Constitutional Court’s authority to conduct the judicial review contains deficiencies implied upon the less maximum efforts to actualize constitutional democracy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the constitutional question is crucial in responding to the issue; it influences the increase of the Indonesian democracy index during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to examine and analyze the urgency of constitutional questions by the Indonesian Constitutional Court in actualizing constitutional democracy with a particular design if it is to be regulated in the Constitution and the laws of the Constitutional Court. The research belongs to normative juridical with library research method. The results showed the urgency of the Indonesian Constitutional Court’s authority to impose constitutional questions. (1) It is to increase the Indonesian democracy index during the COVID-19 pandemic (2) It is to protect the citizens’ Constitutional Rights; (3) It is to increase the citizens’ constitutional awareness; (4) It is to connect the judges’ interpretation; (5) It is to actualize progressive and responsive substantive justice. Besides, the research compared the authorities of the constitutional courts applied by countries such as Austria, Germany, and Russia, where the Constitutional Courts in several countries have constitutional question authority. A recommendation of constitutional question arrangement within the Indonesian constitutional system accompanied this research.]]>
<![CDATA[Mitigasi Korupsi Berbasis PAR: Studi pada Bantuan Sosial Semeru Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Lumajang ]]>
<![CDATA[Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa]]>;
<![CDATA[Asis Asis]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 4, No 1 (2023): Maret ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.18196/jphk.v4i1.17159
<![CDATA[This study was intended to understand the pattern of mitigating corruption of social assistance (bansos) for victims of the Semeru eruption based on public awareness to escort the distribution of social assistance to residents affected by the Semeru eruption. The research employed socio-legal with a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, a corruption escort approach based on community solidarity. Data was collected through interviews, focus group discussions and online and offline dissemination. The results showed that (1) supervision and legal protection of the role of the community in preventing and enforcing social assistance deviations was critical. The community was vital in ensuring the country's administration ran well and was clean of corruption. (2) The participation of the general public in the administration of the state guarantees the achievement of a better Indonesia, which was still wishful. (3) The opinion of poor and marginalized communities needs to be heard due to they have the same guarantees from the constitution.]]>
<![CDATA[Achieving a Developing Village based on the Village Sustainable Development Goals in Tirtonirmolo Village, Bantul Regency ]]>
<![CDATA[Rahmaddhani, Tiara Wiji]]>;
<![CDATA[Prasetyoningsih, Nanik]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 4, No 1 (2023): Maret ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.18196/jphk.v4i1.16043
<![CDATA[The Village Minister Regulation No. 21 of 2020 on general guidelines for village development and village community empowerment was enacted to carry out Article 131 paragraph (1) of the Government Regulation concerning Village Law and was issued to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This research aims to discover and examine village development to achieve The Village SDGs according to village minister regulation No. 21 of 2020 by conducting interviews with related parties in Tirtonirmolo Village using normative and empirical juridical methodologies. This research examined three problem formulations: village minister regulation No. 21 of 2020, the obstacles, and the village government’s efforts. The 2022 village development plan in Tirtonirmolo village to achieve village SDGs followed the stages in village minister regulation No. 21 of 2020. However, there were obstacles to its implementation, particularly at the SDGs data collection stage. The village government has attempted to address this by constantly coordinating with village assistants, engaging IT-savvy human resources to assist with SDGs data collection activities, manually collecting data, and holding the Musrenbangdus.]]>
