Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech)
Aims International Journal of Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) is a peer-reviewed, biannual journal that promotes the development and application of smart technologies in various sectors, such as mechanical & materials engineering, automotive & manufacturing process, energy conversion & renewable energy, robotics, mechatronic & artificial intelligent, chemical & biomedical engineering, marine & aerospace technologies, transportations, infrastructures and environment. Smart technologies offer practical and sustainable solutions in the modern life of humankind by employing the latest technological advancements. Scope The journal presents and disseminates new developments and the latest findings in all fields of engineering and technology, especially those that contribute to the implementation of smart technologies. The topics covered by the journal include but are not limited to: autonomous systems, mechatronics and robotics, control systems in automobiles and intelligent transport systems, smart structures, materials, and metallurgy nanotechnologies and advanced materials in engineering application, sustainable and green buildings, green technology and industry 4.0, IoT-based systems, sensor network, artificial intelligence and smart grids, biomedical engineering, bioenergy technologies, design and development of automotive technologies and manufacturing process, vehicle modelling and safety, modelling and simulation (CFD) in engineering application, vehicle design and aerodynamics, applied mechanics, structure and manufacturing technology, material processing and technology for vehicles and other mechanical use, coatings technologies in engineering application, engine technologies and development for vehicles and other engineering application, hybrid and electric vehicle technologies, vehicle braking and suspension systems, thermodynamics application in engineering application, combustion and reacting flows in automotive and other engineering application, applied heat and mass transfer, fluid and thermal engineering, heating and cooling systems (HVAC) in vehicles and engineering application, fuels and lubricants in automotive engineering, development of energy conversion and conservation, new-and-renewable energy, and alternative energy in engineering application, fuel cell and solar energy, the engine technology and emission control, automotive pollution and control, vehicle motion and control systems, noise and vibrations control, pneumatic and hydraulic systems, tribology in engineering application.
Articles
49 Documents
<![CDATA[General design criteria for neonatal temperature monitoring sensor using "smart material" conducting polymer development: A review ]]>
<![CDATA[Syamimi, Nor]]>;
<![CDATA[Yahud, Shuhaida]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v2i1.185
<![CDATA[Surface thermistors are being currently used in patient monitoring, including temperature monitoring among neonates. However, these thermistors are reported as being mechanically rigid. This review article aims to provide researchers with a guide to better design a flexible neonatal temperature monitoring sensor. A literature search was conducted to obtain available literature on temperature sensors with specific attention to designing flexible temperature sensors. The achievement of a flexible type thermistor for neonates requires a basic understanding of the thermistor. Also, the conducting polymer material being used and the rationale for their placement. The updated technology in thermistors should be made flexible for the ease of neonates during monitoring. Careful considerations for the design and conduct of flexible temperature sensor research as outlined in this review would help to enhance the quality and comparability of future research studies. Considerations for efficient neonatal temperature monitoring and protection include accuracy, sensor's size, weight, material, and sensor placement. Flexible sensors could be the alternative to conventional bulky and stiff temperature sensors.]]>
<![CDATA[An experimental study of the dynamic properties of smart composite magnetorheological materials ]]>
<![CDATA[Aguib, Salah]]>;
<![CDATA[Roubah, Salah]]>;
<![CDATA[Hadji, Mohamed]]>;
<![CDATA[Kobzili, Lallia]]>;
<![CDATA[Noureddine, Chikh]]>;
<![CDATA[Djedid, Toufik]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v2i1.218
<![CDATA[A magnetorheological is a new generation of smart materials in active mechanical vibration and shock control applications. This article is based on a comparative experimental study of the dynamic properties of magnetorheological elastomers (MRE) and magnetorheological fluids (MRF), whose damping and stiffness are controlled simultaneously by applying magnetic field intensity. The dynamic visco-analyser and rheometer were used to test the behaviour of MRE and MRF. The response of both materials depends on the amplitude due to shear strain. The experimental results clearly show the difference between the dynamic properties of MRE and MRF. More specifically, MFRs have high damping with low stiffness; on the other hand, the MRE has average damping with outstanding rigidity. These results help designers achieve more efficient and reliable structures in various engineering fields, such as buildings and mechanical applications.]]>
<![CDATA[Investigation of electrical treeing in perspex material ]]>
<![CDATA[Abderrazzaq, Mohammad]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v2i1.279
<![CDATA[Perspex has been known for a long time as a polymeric material, and it has been used for a large number of electrical and non-electrical applications. The present work was carried out to investigates the ageing mechanism of perspex material under a high electric field. The electrical treeing phenomenon was studied using perspex samples with electrodes of a pin-to-plane configuration. The growth of an electrical tree in Perspex was measured and analysed with the aid of an advanced microscope, equipped with a high-resolution camera and connected to a personal computer. Several distinct stages were assigned to characterise the electrical tree development. The area occupied by the electrical tree channels was calculated using equal-area squares. This approach was employed to measure the growth rate of electrical trees under dry and wet conditions. The tree construction, shape and growth speed were studied and analysed to distinguish between treeing phenomenon under wet and dry conditions of fabricated perspex specimens. The absorption of water has increased the tree growth inside the samples, and ions with water have accelerated the breakdown process. The findings of this study are essential to improve the performance of perspex material, which is widely used in a variety of applications for both energy and non-energy purposes.]]>
<![CDATA[Degradation of distillery spent wash using monopolar parallel and monopolar series electrocoagulation process ]]>
<![CDATA[Pujari, Sukanya]]>;
<![CDATA[Wagh, Manoj]]>;
<![CDATA[Dare, Shila]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v2i1.306
<![CDATA[In waste treatment and water management issues, electrocoagulation (EC) is the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly option. In the study, EC treatment of distillery spent wash was carried out using new electrodes packed with aluminium foil scraps. These metal scraps were packed in a mesh to function as anode and cathode electrodes. Electrochemical treatment was carried out for 150 minutes, and samples were analysed regularly to determine the colour and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The impact of operating parameters such as pH, applied current, electrolysis time, agitation speed, and electrode distance on colour and COD removal was investigated. The EC processes were carried out in monopolar parallel (MP-P) and monopolar series (MP-S). The MP-S connection measured the potential difference between the amplified pair of electrodes, whereas the output signals in the MP-P connection were formed by several input electrodes, resulting in a high removal rate. The results indicated that the MP-P relationships enhance the COD removal rate by 4.16 to 8.06 %. An optimum chemical oxygen demand degradation is 77.29 % at pH 3, and decolourisation is 76.55 % at pH 8.3. TDS is reduced to a maximum of 58.32 %, while sulfate and chloride are reduced to 64.72 and 20.44 %, respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[Contact stress analysis of a spur gear using Lewis and Hertz theory ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad, Aisha]]>;
<![CDATA[Haruna Shanono, Ibrahim]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v2i2.165
<![CDATA[The rapid development of the automobile and aircraft industries has made applying gear technology necessary. Gears offer the benefits of efficiency, reliability, simplicity and a higher speed ratio with power transmission. However, they cannot transmit power over a long period, are more expensive when compared to belts and chain drives and requires continuous lubrication. They are used for transmitting high load in gear tools. The gear teeth fail when subjected to a high load beyond a certain limit. A deciding factor in gear design is the amount of stress developed on the contact surface of the mating gears. This paper deals with contact stress analysis of spur gear. The theoretical analysis presented in this paper aims to analyse rolling bearing contacts based on the principles of the Hertz and Lewis equations. A 3D domain-based finite element method was used to calculate the stresses between the contact surfaces of the structure. Contact analysis was performed using ANSYS Workbench software to figure out the deformation and optimum stress developed on the teeth of the gear. The simulation results indicated that the stress distribution on the gear contact surface has a maximum value of 144.82 MPa, while the deformation is at a maximum value of 0.01676 mm. The safety factor indicates the maximum level of 15, indicating the safety of the design.]]>
<![CDATA[Investigation of heat treatment strategies for improvement of production capacity of coin stamping dies ]]>
<![CDATA[Sutisna, Nanang Ali]]>;
<![CDATA[Permana, Fahyudha]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v2i2.405
<![CDATA[This paper presents a study on the production capacity of stamping dies for minting coins under different heat treatment processes, particularly austenite temperatures, using a vacuum furnace. In the study, the specimen material was made from Bohler K340 steel. The first heat treatment strategy included heating the specimens to a stable austenite temperature at 1080°C, then holding for 120 minutes and cooling rapidly with gas quenching media with a pressure of 5 bar. Tempered treatment was performed at 500°C. Another strategy was similar to the first one, except the heating temperature at 1060°C and double tempering at 575°C. After the heat treatment process, microstructure observation and hardness testing were carried out. Finally, the production of the die capacity testing on the coining machine was conducted. The results of the specimen surface photographs of the two heat treatment strategies show a significant difference in the microstructure, similarly with the hardness value obtained from single tempering is 61.98 HRC and from double tempering is 57.94 HRC. The production capacity test result indicates that the average capacity of first and second dies are 101,250 coins and 171,150 coins, respectively. It means that the second dies exceed the minimum standard production capacity of dies as determined by the Quality Control department, which is 150,000 coins.]]>
<![CDATA[Concept design and simulation analysis of floating water turbine ]]>
<![CDATA[Al-Quraishi, Mohammed Baqer Zaki Yahya]]>;
<![CDATA[binti Mohd, Siti Syafiqah]]>;
<![CDATA[Sarip, Shamsul]]>;
<![CDATA[Binti Mohammad, Roslina]]>;
<![CDATA[Mad Kaidi , Hazilah]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v2i2.428
<![CDATA[Researchers in Malaysia are attempting to advance and develop the renewable energy sector in response to increased emissions, fossil fuel exhaustion, and the need for electricity in remote areas. Water turbines are known to have a high potential for generating electricity. This paper aims to propose a new floating turbine concept and analyse it using Computational Fluid Dynamics. In the study, finding the idea started with infaring the market needs in Malaysia and transforming them into design requirements by utilising tools like the requirement table and the objective tree. After that, the requirements were changed to a function box to understand the functionality of the turbine. A task specification table was implemented to assign the specifications and create four concepts. One of the four concepts was chosen using the evaluation chart to undergo CFD analysis. The selected concept was validated using the dynamic mesh technique in ANSYS Fluent. A grid independence study and boundary sensitivity study were conducted to ensure the accuracy of the solution. The sliding mesh technique measured the performance of the turbine. It was found that the proposed turbine has higher performance than typical Savonius turbines, from 0.1 to 0.42 and 0.8 to 1.3 (Turbine Performance) and TSR (Tip Speed Ratio), respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[Sustainability and friendly circulation path in Sangiran museum, Sragen Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Hanendya, Seruni Inas]]>;
<![CDATA[Syamsiyah, Nur Rahmawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v2i2.440
<![CDATA[Museums are windows into a country's past. Museums can tell stories about history and life. Sangiran museum is one of the world's heritages that tell the story of human evolution from prehistoric times to the present. The presence of historical or other information in the museum heavily relies on the zoning of space and circulation paths. The circulation of visitor movements between spaces and buildings significantly impacts the museum's function. Submission of historical information to visitors will be easier to understand if there is good circulation, which supports visitor movement activities. In the observations, the movement of visitors at the Sangiran museum has constructed an uncomfortable feeling for the users. This study aims to assess the circulation path's compliance with government standards. Due to the nature of this study, a descriptive qualitative approach is required. The study discovered three types of circulation paths that were not user-friendly, namely ram, stairs, and hallways. They did not meet Indonesian government and international data architecture standards. Hence, this study proposes an easy-to-implement design to ensure the long-term function and sustainability of the circulation pathway.]]>
<![CDATA[Optimisation of power quality in solar/wind power stations using developed artificial bee/ant hybrid heuristic algorithm ]]>
<![CDATA[Zile, Mehmet]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v2i2.442
<![CDATA[Voltage regulation needs to be optimised to reduce energy losses and improve power quality in renewable solar/wind plants. The Artificial Bee/Ant Hybrid Heuristic Algorithm has been developed in the study, and voltage regulation was optimised using this developed algorithm. A computer program in the C++ programming language was developed to prevent the undesired effects of electrical events occurring during the integration of renewable energy sources and to make the system work more efficiently. The interface of the program was made using the Visual Studio program. It became possible to produce power estimation, power quality estimation and power loss estimation using the intuitive artificial bee/ant hybrid algorithm created on the data set obtained from solar and wind power plants. It was found that there is a ± 4% difference between the values obtained with the developed algorithm and the computer program and the values obtained from the power plants. The developed algorithm and the computer program successfully optimise power quality in solar/wind power stations. The study makes it possible to estimate the amount of energy produced, the amount of energy loss, and the quality of energy in solar/wind power stations.]]>
<![CDATA[The effects of heat input and electrode type on the mechanical properties of welded A309 stainless steel using a shielded metal arc welding ]]>
<![CDATA[Anyanwu, Kingsley Onyekachi]]>;
<![CDATA[Nzei, Harrison Ogochukwu]]>;
<![CDATA[Onuoha, Chukwudike]]>;
<![CDATA[Ehirim, Victor Ikechukwu]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v4i1.1149
<![CDATA[This study deals with an experimental study to evaluate the influence of heat and electrode type on the mechanical properties of welded A309 stainless steel using shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). Samples were prepared with a welding angle of 45 deg. Seventy-eight samples made of A309 stainless steel were used in the experiments, in which half of the pieces were welded using A309 electrodes and half with E7018 electrodes. The samples were subjected to a tensile test and Charpy test accordingly. Several parameters, such as welding current (I), heat input (H), the final length of the tensile specimen (Lf), elongation percentage (%E), yield strength (σy), and impact energy, were observed. The results show that the increase in current from 100 to 225 A causes the growth of heat input from 0.56 to 1.26 kJ/mm, impacting the decrease of the percentage elongation and yield strength, including the energy impact reduction. On the other hand, all mechanical properties tested have relatively low heat input at 0.56 kJ/mm and relatively high heat input at 0.7 kJ/mm.]]>
