Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech)
Aims International Journal of Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) is a peer-reviewed, biannual journal that promotes the development and application of smart technologies in various sectors, such as mechanical & materials engineering, automotive & manufacturing process, energy conversion & renewable energy, robotics, mechatronic & artificial intelligent, chemical & biomedical engineering, marine & aerospace technologies, transportations, infrastructures and environment. Smart technologies offer practical and sustainable solutions in the modern life of humankind by employing the latest technological advancements. Scope The journal presents and disseminates new developments and the latest findings in all fields of engineering and technology, especially those that contribute to the implementation of smart technologies. The topics covered by the journal include but are not limited to: autonomous systems, mechatronics and robotics, control systems in automobiles and intelligent transport systems, smart structures, materials, and metallurgy nanotechnologies and advanced materials in engineering application, sustainable and green buildings, green technology and industry 4.0, IoT-based systems, sensor network, artificial intelligence and smart grids, biomedical engineering, bioenergy technologies, design and development of automotive technologies and manufacturing process, vehicle modelling and safety, modelling and simulation (CFD) in engineering application, vehicle design and aerodynamics, applied mechanics, structure and manufacturing technology, material processing and technology for vehicles and other mechanical use, coatings technologies in engineering application, engine technologies and development for vehicles and other engineering application, hybrid and electric vehicle technologies, vehicle braking and suspension systems, thermodynamics application in engineering application, combustion and reacting flows in automotive and other engineering application, applied heat and mass transfer, fluid and thermal engineering, heating and cooling systems (HVAC) in vehicles and engineering application, fuels and lubricants in automotive engineering, development of energy conversion and conservation, new-and-renewable energy, and alternative energy in engineering application, fuel cell and solar energy, the engine technology and emission control, automotive pollution and control, vehicle motion and control systems, noise and vibrations control, pneumatic and hydraulic systems, tribology in engineering application.
Articles
49 Documents
<![CDATA[Establishing the effectiveness of life cycle assessment to assess the environmental impact of passenger cars using biofuels: A Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Marchant, Denis]]>;
<![CDATA[Christensen, Jesper]]>;
<![CDATA[Davies, Huw]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v4i1.1338
<![CDATA[Predictions and decisions made by legislators may be partially or wholly informed by the results of life cycle assessment studies, but the outcomes can vary significantly. This review seeks to establish whether existing life cycle assessment study results are accurate and if there are errors or deficiencies in life cycle inventory databases, chosen methodologies, or choice of life cycle assessment tool that may impact the outcome of life cycle assessment studies. The context of the work is set against the role bioethanol/gasoline blends might play in reducing the environmental impact of internal combustion engine-powered vehicles. The findings indicate inaccuracies exist and that there are various reasons for this. The accuracy of life cycle assessment results is affected by differences and inconsistencies that occur between life cycle inventory databases, the choice of life cycle inventory databases and life cycle assessment tools and because, in many cases, life cycle assessment methodology does not specify whether the biofuel content in the fuel is considered. The increase in the average age of biofuel-compatible passenger cars challenges the validity of results obtained by employing the commonly used approach based on fixed annual mileage profiles and lifetime activity. Uncertainty is a significant factor, and more attention should be paid to uncertainty analysis. Evidence shows the use of biofuels can deliver considerable environmental gains and reductions in CO2, especially in blends containing a higher percentage of biofuel.]]>
<![CDATA[Development of a variance model for the prediction of water absorption and thickness swelling for an experimental design pvc reinforced composite pipes ]]>
<![CDATA[Orhorhoro, Ejiroghene Kelly]]>;
<![CDATA[Tamuno, Rogers Ibunemisam]]>;
<![CDATA[Chukwuedo, Azuka Joses]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v4i1.1435
<![CDATA[Water absorption is a significant constraint encountered when NFs reinforce polymer matrices. It is the primary cause of the breakdown of the fibre-matrix interface, resulting in swelling of the fibres, loss in the efficiency of load transfer between the matrix and the fibres, and ultimately a reduction in the strength and stiffness of the composites. This study investigated the development of a variance model for predicting water absorption and thickness swelling for an experimental design of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) reinforced composite pipes. The quadratic model was used to model the influence of the process factors (independent variables) on the responses (i.e., water absorption and thickness swelling). Statistical analysis of the experimental data was carried out by fitting the chosen quadratic model to the data to estimate the unknown model parameters. The results revealed that the model was characterised by a high R2 value, indicating a perfect fit between the experimental observations and model predictions. The value of the variation coefficient was 3.320, which means the high precision and reliability of the model. The results of water absorption tests as a function of independent process factors showed that increasing the level of PVC in the composite material resulted in a decrease in the water absorption capacity of the material. This is desirable since an excellent composite pipe material should resist moisture intrusion.]]>
<![CDATA[Lighting system automation using a relay based on radio frequency identification tag input and kiosks’ information access with Telegram application in the modern market ]]>
<![CDATA[Ngalimin, Libratyan Jhon]]>;
<![CDATA[Christina, Erma Triawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Kristyawati, Desy]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v4i1.1473
<![CDATA[Advancements in technology necessitate the swift and efficient management of systems, particularly concerning electricity consumption and information dissemination. To address this, a prototype was developed to automate lighting systems and display kiosk information in modern markets. Key components utilized include an RFID reader, GPS module, NodeMCU ESP8266, and relays, all of which played crucial roles in the functioning of the prototype. The primary objective was to create a device capable of automatically controlling the lighting system through relays, triggered by RFID inputs, while also relaying kiosk information via the Telegram application. For instance, when a registered RFID tag is tapped while the shop is open and the lamp is initially on, the lamp will be switched off, ensuring energy efficiency and timely response. The GPS module is employed to obtain location data, which, along with kiosk open/close status, can be conveniently accessed through the Telegram app. This integration of the GPS module enhances the prototype's functionality by providing valuable location-based information, making it easier for users to monitor and access the information remotely. Test results demonstrate that the RFID tag can be read from a maximum distance of 4.5 cm, with an average processing time of 2.47 seconds for lamp switching and 5.6 seconds for accessing information. These performance metrics validate the efficacy of the prototype methodology in achieving its intended goals of automation, energy efficiency, and seamless information dissemination in modern markets.]]>
<![CDATA[Investigation of optimum reclining angles for wheelchair recliners during dental treatment ]]>
<![CDATA[Azhar, Anisah Farzana]]>;
<![CDATA[Nordin, Nor Hidayati Diyana]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohd, Farah Natashah]]>;
<![CDATA[Azmi, Nur Liyana]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v4i1.1832
<![CDATA[This paper discusses the development of a wheelchair recliner for dental treatment that can accommodate users of different body mass index (BMI) categories. The study aims to identify the ergonomic angle for a dental chair, design a wheelchair recliner with appropriate reclining angles, and analyse its performance using simulations and user testing with different BMI subjects. The simulation of the wheelchair recliner was performed using the Motion of Inspiration (MOI) 3D to analyse the withstanding load, including the wheelchair load and subject load (2000 N). The displacement and safety factor for the long pin of the recliner was also analysed. The study's main findings indicate that the developed wheelchair recliner can withstand a load of 2000N, which includes both the wheelchair load and the subject's load. The study tested the wheelchair recliner with three reclined angles: 40º, 45º, and 50º. It found that regardless of their BMI category, all subjects were comfortable using the wheelchair recliner at these angles during dental treatment. Overall, the study suggests that the developed wheelchair recliner has the potential to provide comfort to wheelchair users with various BMI categories during dental treatment, eliminating the need for uncomfortable transfers from the wheelchair to the dental chair.]]>
<![CDATA[The effects of diffuser profile on the performance of the liquid-gas ejector ]]>
<![CDATA[Salim, Amat Agus]]>;
<![CDATA[Sugati, Daru]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v4i2.1456
<![CDATA[Kinetic energy originating from liquid jets at high speed can be used as an energy source for liquid-gas ejector devices. An ejector is a tool often used to support one of the processes in the industry, such as vacuum process, desalination, distillation, and refrigeration. The ejector consists of several main components: the nozzle, suction chamber, mixing chamber or throat, and diffuser. These components influence each other, so that system performance is sensitive to the performance of these components. The diffuser functions as a dynamic head converter into a static head. Its performance is affected by its dimensions, so it needs to be investigated. This study aims to determine the effect profile of a diffuser with a divergence angle of 2β 7° and a diffuser with a tiered divergence angle of 2β. This study uses an experimental method with a motive flow pressure for the primary fluid of 201.32 kPa. This study found that changes in length and the angle of divergence of the diffuser affect the value of the pressure recovery coefficient and efficiency.]]>
<![CDATA[The effects of higher bioethanol blends on greenhouse gas emissions from the UK passenger car fleet at various time horizons during the transition to net zero: A review ]]>
<![CDATA[Marchant, Denis]]>;
<![CDATA[Christensen, Jesper]]>;
<![CDATA[Davies, Huw]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v4i2.1775
<![CDATA[There is a need to minimise the Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG) of petrol-powered cars during the transition to net zero. This research examines the effects on GHG from the recent adoption of E10 as the standard 95-octane petrol grade in the United Kingdom (UK). Also, it considers the potential of using higher bioethanol blends within the national car fleet and the effect of increased lifetime mileage due to the growing incidence of extended vehicle ownership. A comprehensive fleet turnover model and a separate numerical model to predict the GHG emissions for various powertrain types using different bioethanol blends were developed. Sensitivity studies that model the effects of different annual mileage using E10 and applying the proposed UK fleet composition scenarios at 10-year intervals from 2020 to 2050 were conducted. The results support the claimed percentage reduction of GHG emissions arising from the UK petrol car fleet using E10 when compared to E5 and establish that using a higher bioethanol blend such as E15 would provide still further reductions in most instances except in the case of plug-in hybrid vehicles where an increase in GHG emissions was observed at the 2030 and 2040 time horizons. An increase in annual mileage creates a linear increase in GHG emissions, although the rate of increase is not the same for each propulsion type. Such an increase can potentially disrupt the achievement of the UK's 2050 net zero target and future periodic carbon budgets.]]>
<![CDATA[Identification of stock market manipulation using a hybrid ensemble approach ]]>
<![CDATA[Quinn, Pearse]]>;
<![CDATA[Toman, Marinus]]>;
<![CDATA[Curran, Kevin]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v4i2.2576
<![CDATA[Anomaly detection in time series data is a complex data mining issue with many useful, real-world applications. Anomalies in datasets represent deviations in the expected behaviour of a system and can indicate rare but significant events that require intervention. Market manipulation is a serious issue in financial jurisdictions worldwide, with financial regulators such as the SEC constantly trying to prevent it and prosecute those guilty of it. This paper makes use of state-of-the-art deep learning techniques as well as more classical statistical techniques in order to detect anomalies in five real-world datasets. The predictions of these models are then aggregated in two different ensemble models. The results of the individual models as well as the ensemble models, are evaluated, and F1-Score measures performance. Nine individual models, consisting of three models based on LSTM with Dynamic Thresholding, three ARIMA models and three Exponential Smoothing models, were used to generate predictions of anomalies based on daily trading volumes. The individual predictions of these models were then aggregated, with two different ensemble methods being used, namely the majority voting ensemble method and the ensemble averaging aggregation method. While both performed well, the majority voting ensemble method was seen to be the superior method in this study, with an average F1Score of 0.494, compared to an F1Score of 0.414 for the ensemble averaging aggregation method.]]>
<![CDATA[The impacts of nanoscale silica particle additives on fuel atomisation and droplet size in the internal combustion engines: A review ]]>
<![CDATA[Balikowa, Amuza]]>;
<![CDATA[Effendy, Marwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Ngafwan, Ngafwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Wandera, Catherine]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v4i2.2759
<![CDATA[The combustion process in compression ignition (CI) engines is complex and affects their efficiency and emission levels. Internal combustion engines (ICE) are being studied to find better ways to burn fuel and produce less pollution to meet the growing demand for these qualities. However, one intriguing avenue is the utilisation of nanoparticle additives, such as silica nanoparticles, to enhance fuel atomisation and droplet size. This study aimed to comprehensively review the impact of silica nanoparticle additives on fuel atomisation and droplet size in internal combustion engines. This review explores the researchers' underlying mechanisms and experimental techniques to determine nanoparticle fuel additives' overall impact on engine performance. The results achieved from the literature study indicated that incorporating these nanoparticles (following the engine design and fuel formulations) can enhance combustion efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions, thereby contributing to developing more sustainable transportation and power production systems.]]>
<![CDATA[Performance of spark-ignition engine at various fuel octane numbers ]]>
<![CDATA[Prihatno, Anton]]>;
<![CDATA[Hendrawan, Andi]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v2i1.149
<![CDATA[The paper describes the performance of a spark-ignition engine at various fuel octane numbers. This study was realised using a 150cc automatic motorcycle with a compression ratio of 10.6:1. The experiments were conducted on three types of gasoline with different research octane numbers (RON), namely 88, 90, and 92. The torque and power of the engine were evaluated using a dyno test, while fuel consumption was simultaneously monitored during the experiments. The data were then collected and analysed using Motorcycle Communication System (MCS). The MCS measurements indicated that fuel with RON 92 allows the vehicle to reach the top speed and rotation at a gas opening angle of 25° - 79°. Applying fuel with the proper octane number in an engine with a particular compression ratio can maintain optimal engine performance. Decreasing the fuel's octane rating from the recommended conditions based on the engine specifications causes a decrease in engine performance. Torque and power tend to drop, and fuel is not economical.]]>
<![CDATA[Redesign of water-diesel emulsion fuel mixer ]]>
<![CDATA[Mahadi, Abram Anggit]]>;
<![CDATA[Santoso, Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Ubaidillah, Ubaidillah]]>;
<![CDATA[Lenggana, Bhre Wangsa]]>
<![CDATA[ Applied Research and Smart Technology (ARSTech) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Applied Research and Smart Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.23917/arstech.v3i1.406
<![CDATA[Emissions and fuel consumption are essential parameters to indicate the working of a combustion engine. This paper discusses the methods to achieve lower emissions and efficient fuel consumption. One of the methods is by making emulsion fuel. The emulsion-making methods are surfactant emulsion, micro-emulsion, ultrasonic emulsion, and real-time emulsion non-surfactant (RTES). In the research, the emulsion fuel is a mixture of B30 Biodiesel and water without surfactant that is supplied in real-time after being mixed in a mixer. The ratio is 85% biodiesel and 15% water. The RTES mixer in the old model has a big size, and high-power consumption of about 150-433,5 W. This research's purpose is to develop a simple design and low power consumption of the RTES Mixer. The new RTES mixer design only needs 150 W motor power. Its dimension is more superficial and produces tiny droplets with a main diameter range between 0.1 to 0.5 ?m, with good-mixed visually. ]]>
