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Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo Jl. Prof. Dr. Ing. B. J. Habibie, Moutong, Tilongkabila, Kabupaten Bone Bolango 96119, Gorontalo, Indonesia
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Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM)
Published by Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27230317     DOI : https://doi.org/10.34312/jjbm.v1i1
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Mathematics
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) aims to become the leading journal in Southeast Asia in presenting original research articles and review papers about a mathematical approach to explain biological phenomena. JJBM will accept high-quality article utilizing mathematical analysis to gain biological understanding in the fields of, but not restricted to Ecology Oncology Neurobiology Cell biology Biostatistics Bioinformatics Bio-engineering Infectious diseases Renewable biological resource Genetics and population genetics
Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika Terapan
Articles 99 Documents
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Mathematical Modeling on Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Transmission Dynamics and Impact on Cervical Cancer Jose, Sayooj Aby; Nelson, Stephen Patrick; Raja, Ramachandran; Menon, Gayathry Radhakrishnan; Jirawattanapanit, Anuwat
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Volume 6, Issue 4: December 2025
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjbm.v6i4.29641

Abstract

One of the most common diseases affecting women globally is cervical cancer, which contributes significantly to the global cancer burden. Its beginning is largely caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), especially in young females, and a growing percentage of cases develop from benign tumors. The dynamics of HPV transmission and its influence on the development of cervical cancer are described in this study using a deterministic mathematical model. The fundamental characteristics of the model, such as positivity and boundedness, are carefully examined. Furthermore, the equilibrium points for endemic and disease-free conditions are determined, and their stability on a local and global scale is examined in relation to the basic reproduction number, R0. Furthermore, a detailed sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify the key parameters that most significantly influence the transmission dynamics and progression of the disease. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the impact of parameter variations and to validate the analytical findings. The results provide valuable insights for effective public health intervention and control strategies for HPV-related cervical cancer.
Dynamical analysis of a Crowley-Martin Eco-epidemiological model with impact of fear, prey refuge and harvesting Divya, Arumugam; Sivabalan, Muthurathinam; Yavuz, Mehmet; Ashwin, Anbulinga; Pradeep, Manickasundaram Siva
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Volume 6, Issue 4: December 2025
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjbm.v6i4.34528

Abstract

We develop an eco-epidemiological model that includes three species comprising a food web: vulnerable prey, diseased prey, and predator species that transmit disease to their prey. A population of prey consists of two subpopulations: healthy prey (susceptible prey), which follow the logistic law and are capable of reproducing, and diseased prey, which are destroyed by predation or die before reproducing. A predator devour vulnerable and infected prey in various proportions in a Crowley-Martin type of interaction.  In the Crowley-Martin functional response, there is interdependence among predators, regardless of whether a particular predator is actively seeking prey or interacting with prey at any given time. In Holling-type II interactions, vulnerable prey is consumed by infected prey.
Analysis of HIV/AIDS Model with risk compensation effects among Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis users and infectious immigrants Oladejo, Janet Kikelomo; Taiwo, Abiodun Adewale; Fawale, Sefiyat Opeyemi; Oluwafemi, Temidayo Joseph
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Volume 6, Issue 4: December 2025
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjbm.v6i4.30812

Abstract

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising HIV prevention strategy,  and its provision has grown rapidly in several  countries,  including those in Sub-Saharan Africa.  However, lingering concerns  remain  that introducing PrEP may  lead  to unintended consequences,  such  as decreased  adherence  to other  prevention methods  and increased  risky sexual  behaviour, culminating in  risk  compensation.  This  study  employs a six-compartment mathematical model  to investigate the effects of risk  compensation behaviour among  PrEP users in a population with  an influx of infectious immigrants. The model  exhibits only  disease-free  equilibrium points  in the absence of  infective immigrants  and  endemic   equilibrium with  the  influx of  infected  immigrants.   The  disease-free equilibrium point  exists and is locally and globally asymptotically stable in the absence of infective immigrants when  the basic reproduction number  is less than one. In contrast, the model  exhibits only  endemic  equilibrium in the presence of infective immigrants, which is asymptotically stable when basic reproduction number  exceeds unity. A sensitivity analysis of the parameters  associated  with  R1 was performed using the normalized forward sensitivity index  to determine  the most influential parameter.   The  analysis revealed  that the number  of sexual partners  had  the greatest  influence   on  disease  endemicity.   Numerical  simulations supported the analytical findings, showing that  risk  compensation undermines PrEP  effectiveness  and  that  multiple sexual  partners increase  new  HIV infections.    However, PrEP can  significantly reduce  new  infections in  a population with varying immigrant influx and  no risk  compensation behaviour, highlighting  its potential  impact  in controlling HIV spread.     The  effectiveness   of  PrEP  depends on  strict  adherence   to  usage   in  combination  with   other preventive measures.  The disease persists  with  the inflow of infective immigrants.
Stability and Sensitivity Analysis of Parameters in the SEIR-ASEI Model for the Transmission of Dengue Fever Aprianti, Euis; Sonia, Sonia
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Volume 6, Issue 4: December 2025
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjbm.v6i4.32754

Abstract

Dengue fever, which is transmitted by female Aedes mosquitoes, is caused by the dengue virus and remains a significant health challenge in tropical countries, including Indonesia. This study developed an SEIR-ASEI type dengue fever transmission model by considering the aquatic phase of mosquitoes and  incorporating logistic growth factors in aquatic sub-population. This study aims to analyze the stability of the model using the Vieta Theorem, and the Castillo-Chavez and Song Theorem through a bifurcation approach.  The developed model has two equilibrium points, namely, the disease-free equilibrium point and the endemic equilibrium point. The stability of each equilibrium point depends on the value of the basic reproduction number, which is determined through the next-generation matrix.  When R0  is less than one, the  disease-free equilibrium remains locally asymptotically stable. Conversely, stability of the endemic state is assured when R0  exceeds one. An analysis of parameter sensitivity, using values associated with Aedes aegypti, was conducted to determine the factors that have the most significant impact on disease transmission dynamics.  The analysis results showed that adult mosquito mortality was the most sensitive parameter, but parameters in the aquatic phase also influenced changes in the basic reproduction number.   Increasing aquatic mortality or reducing mosquito breeding sites could lower the R0  value, potentially reducing transmission rates. Therefore, controlling aquatic mosquitoes is an essential strategy in sustainable dengue prevention and control efforts.
Analysis and Control of Chaotic Behaviour in a Plankton-Fish Interaction System with Fear and Refuge Sharma, Amit; Kaur, Rajinder pal
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Volume 6, Issue 4: December 2025
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjbm.v6i4.33743

Abstract

Controlling chaos  in plankton-fish dynamics has been predominantly remained a rationale  of many  ecologists for managing and preserving ecosystem.  In this paper,  we have introduced a mathematical model  consisting of phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish population with  a motive  to study  the simultaneous impact  of prey refuge and fear.  We have determined the existence of all feasible biological equilibria and proposed certain  conditions of local  stability of the given system  around it.   The  Hopf-bifurcation analysis is  carried  out  by  considering phytoplankton refuge (n1), zooplankton refuge (n2), and fear effect (L) as significant bifurcation parameters.  It is seen that fear of top predator  mitigate unpredictable(chaotic) behavior of the plankton system and induce system stability for L ≥ 1.09. Our  investigations reveal  that the defense mechanism developed by prey  species  due to the fear of predator  population, namely n1  and n2  can also terminate  chaos from the system.  It is found  that the given dynamical system  remains  stable in the intervals n1  ∈ [0.71, 0.73] and  n2  ∈ [0.73, 0.75]. We have applied feedback and non-feedback control mechanisms to stabilize the chaotic trajectories of the plankton-fish dynamics. All analytical findings are substantiated using numerical simulation.
A dynamical analysis of a predator-prey model: Exploring the influence of the Allee effect, environmental protection, and supplementary food sources Resmawan, Resmawan; Suryanto, Agus; Darti, Isnani; Panigoro, Hasan S.
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Volume 6, Issue 4: December 2025
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjbm.v6i4.32685

Abstract

This paper introduces a new predator-prey model with supplementary food sorces for the predator and the Allee effect on prey. Analytical proof of the existence, uniqueness, non-negativity, and boundedness of the solutions validates the model. Three equilibrium points are found: a trivial point, whose local stability depends on the Allee effect’s strength; a semi-trivial point, and an interior point whose local stability depends on certain conditions. The Lyapunov function and La Salle invariance principle show that each equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable. The system displays intricate dynamical behaviors, including forward and Hopf bifurcations, along with bistability, which is regulated by critical parameters such as the predation conversion rate, environmental protection rate, and supplementary food sources. Under a weak Allee effect, increasing the predation conversion rate or supplementary food can shift the system from predator extinction to oscillatory coexistence. In contrast, under a strong Allee effect, these increases may instead drive both species to extinction if thresholds are exceeded. Moreover, variations in environmental protection rate yield contrasting outcomes: while a higher rate under weak Allee conditions may stabilize prey and eliminate predators, under strong Allee conditions, it may lead to total extinction. These findings illustrate the intricate relationship between biological and environmental components, highlighting the necessity for preventive measures and supplementary resources in population outcomes. The findings indicate that environmental protection and supplementary food sources influence species persistence and extinction in predator-prey dynamics, which is crucial for ecological conservation.
Fractional-Order COVID-19 Model in Indonesia with Comorbidity and Immunization: PID Control, Ulam-Hyers Stability, and Biosecurity Implications Farman, Muhammad; Alfiniyah, Cicik; Fatmawati, Fatmawati; Rois, Muhammad Abdurrahman; Jamil, Khadija
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Volume 6, Issue 4: December 2025
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjbm.v6i4.34027

Abstract

In this paper, we developed a fractal fractional model for Covid-19 dynamics in Indonesia with comorbidity and various immunization stages doses is presented and examined. The system is analysed disease-free according to reproductive number. We conducted both qualitative and quantitative research on the COVID-19 model using the Atangana-Baleanu fractal-fractional operator. We demonstrated the existence and uniqueness of the model with the Atangana-Baleanue fractal-fractional operator as continuous and compact integral components, by means of Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem. We ensure that our proposed model has a unique fixed-point solution by including the properties of both the Schauder and Krasnoselskii theorems into the contraction mapping. We conduct a thorough examination of the suggested model’s stability using the Ulam-Hyers stability concept. We discuss how the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) impact in a fractional COVID-19 model improves stability. Since these control methods have a great potential to improve overall treatment outcomes, minimise side effects, and correctly regulate these treatments to achieve this goal, their use will stabilise the dynamics behaviour while accurately regulating the administration, leading to better vaccination outcomes with fewer adverse effects inferred from this. A numerical approach based on Lagrange interpolation is presented. The dynamics of disease transmission throughout a range of fractional-order ϖ and fractal dimensions ϑ are then visually represented by the numerical results that have been obtained. The findings demonstrate the deep impact of fractional dynamics and fractal dimensions on the processes of vaccination, recovery, and propagation, exposing intricate, time-dependent epidemic characteristics.
Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression Modeling Using Adaptive Gaussian Kernel Weighting For Mapping Maternal Mortality Rates In East Java Ngoro, Inayati; Pramoedyo, Henny; Astuti, Ani Budi
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Volume 6, Issue 4: December 2025
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjbm.v6i4.30411

Abstract

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is a key public health indicator that reflects spatial variation across districts in East Java.  This study aims to model the spatial distribution of MMR using Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression (GWPR) with an Adaptive Gaussian Kernel weighting function. Secondary data were obtained from the 2022 East Java Provincial Health Profile, covering 38 districts and municipalities. The results indicate that GWPR outperforms the classical Poisson regression. The intercept β=2.889 (exp=17.95) suggests an average of 18 maternal deaths in the absence of predictor effects. The coverage of the fourth antenatal care visit (K4) has a significant negative effect ( β=-0.027; exp = 0.973), indicating that a 1% increase in K4 coverage reduces MMR by approximately 2.7%. Conversely, obstetric complications managed by midwives show a significant positive effect (β= = 0.0173; exp = 1.017), meaning that a 1% increase in complications raises MMR by 1.7%. Other predictorsfirst antenatal care visit (K1), ironfolic acid (IFA) supplementation, and number of health workersare not statistically significant. This study underscores the importance of expanding K4 coverage and strengthening complication management as priority strategies to reduce maternal mortality.  Furthermore, GWPR-based mapping enables more targeted maternal health interventions tailored to local characteristics.
Mathematical Modeling of Teenage Pregnancy Focused on Awareness and Behavioral Change Apdo, Rachel Basanez; Apdo, Rolly Najial; Gumombal, Iranly Tavera
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Volume 6, Issue 4: December 2025
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjbm.v6i4.31415

Abstract

Teenage pregnancy remains a significant public health concern, particularly in the Philippines.   This study extends a previous SIT model by introducing a behavioral relapse pathway (Ω) that represents the rate at which informed adolescents revert to risky sexual behavior.   The model divides the population into susceptible, corrupted, and aware compartments, incorporating contraceptive use and sex education.   Analytical results show that the corruption-free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable when R0       1,  while  corruption persists when R0     1.  Numerical simulations reveal that increasing Ω from 0.01 to 0.2 raises the long-term corrupted population fraction from approximately 8% to more than 25% with transient peaks up to 22%, even with high awareness levels. A local sensitivity analysis further reveals that the recruitment rate (ω), voluntary cessation rate (π), and natural death rate (µ) exert the greatest influence on long-term outcomes. These findings highlight that sustained awareness campaigns must be coupled with strategies that minimize relapse into risky behavior, such as continuous sex education, peer mentorship, and counter-misinformation initiatives.

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