Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
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<![CDATA[EFL Learners’ Learning Styles and Their Attributes ]]>
<![CDATA[Tuan, Luu Trong]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This research was conducted to examine EFL students’ preferred learning styles, and linkages between learning stylepreferences and individual attributes such as fields of study, length of tertiary study, gender, age, learning language experience, andEnglish proficiency level. 172 students were invited to participate in the questionnaire survey. The findings revealed that perceptuallearning style preferences were impacted by some attributes, particularly fields of study and length of tertiary study. The dominant learningstyle preferences for the sample were kinesthetic and tactile. The higher levels of English EFL students got the more kinesthetic and tactilethey appeared. Furthermore, the students with the shortest length of studying English tended to be those with a variety of preferredlearning styles, except individual. As far as gender was concerned, females showed a stronger tendency toward kinesthetic while males gavemore preference to tactile learning.]]>
<![CDATA[Assessment of Total Quality Management Practices and Organizational Development. (The case of Telecom Services Sector of Pakistan) ]]>
<![CDATA[Sajjad, Faiza]]>;
<![CDATA[Amjad, Shehla]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[The main purpose of this study is to determine the various benefits an organization can derive from the application of totalquality management practices, or the relationship between total quality management and quality outcomes/benefits in services sector oftelecom industry of Pakistan. The study is based on primary and secondary data. Eight most important constructs were found throughliterature review for conceptual framework in this study. Primary data is collected through questionnaires. The same questionnaire wasused in comparison of TQM practices in different countries such as India, USA, Mexico, China and Norway. The theoreticalframework adopted is by Raghunathan et al. (1999). Findings revealed that TQM practices and implementation have positive effects onquality benefits or outcome (productivity, profitability, competitive position, reduce customer complaints, cost reduction, reduce rework level,reduces scrap level, stay in business) in services sector of telecom industry of Pakistan. Benchmarking also plays a significant role in thedevelopment of organizations. In addition to the research data, findings from different field studies and other research works have furthersupported conclusion drawn from this research, that TQM practices have positive effect on organizational development. The findings basedon this empirical research would be useful to both decision makers and researchers.]]>
<![CDATA[Cultural Diversity in Pakistan: National vs Provincial ]]>
<![CDATA[Shah, Syed Afzal Moshadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Amjad, Shehla]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[The purpose of the research was to investigate the cultural dimensions of the four provinces of Pakistan i.e. KhyberPakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan of Pakistan and their comparison with national culture. The research capitalizes upon themethodology devised by Hofstede et. al (2008) in order to investigate the cultural dimensions. A total 557 questionnaires were used inorder to reach the final analysis by using descriptive statistics and test of significance. Research findings show an existence of a culturaldiversity among different provinces of Pakistan, where Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) possessing the most distinctive culture. Besideprovincial disparity with national culture on one to one basis, it does not affect the results on aggregate basis. Hence the national cultureremains a true representation of the country. The nature of subcultures within provinces and the level of their impact was the majorlimitation of the research. The research would benefit businesses in Pakistan at large both local and Multi-national organizations.VSM-08 is the latest version of all the methodologies devised by Hofstede. No study has yet been conducted in Pakistan to identifycultural dimensions on province level using the parameters defined in this model. Future research on different management and marketingaspects in Pakistani culture can be conducted in the light of this research.]]>
<![CDATA[Wilson and Gould: The Engagement of the Sciences and the Humanities ]]>
<![CDATA[Carbonell, Curtis D.]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This article looks at two evolutionary theorists, E.O. Wilson and Stephen Jay Gould, whose differing notions of consiliencereflect a fundamental divide on the nature of the relationship between the sciences and the humanities. This article reads Wilson as seeinga need for the social sciences and humanities to move toward the reductive methods and principles of the natural sciences. It charts a briefintellectual history of Wilson’s argument. This article presents Gould and his wish to approach the sciences and the humanities asindependent domains of investigation. At issue between Gould and Wilson is the weight given to analysis and synthesis. Wilson is keento argue that both methods, the analytical breaking down of parts via reduction and the synthetic rebuilding of knowledge, are importantin his endeavor of consilience. This article argues that reduction is weighted heavier by Wilson (if only because the sciences are better at it).However, Gould’s approach values the sort of synthesis that can also be found in the humanities, predicated on the basic understandingthat the parts cannot always describe the whole. In this way, the synthetic move upward from analysis is considered to be a differentprocess altogether. Thus, Gould looks to the humanities as an example of how this might be done. In such a way, Gould promotes anequal engagement by both domains instead of marginalizing one at the benefit of the other.]]>
<![CDATA[Effects of “Pedagogical Cycles†on Students’ Learning at Secondary Level ]]>
<![CDATA[Hussain, Ishtiaq]]>;
<![CDATA[Sardar, Farzana]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmed, Maqsood]]>;
<![CDATA[Akhtar, Shagufta]]>;
<![CDATA[Lodhi, Ishrat]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The importance of education can not be denied as it plays the vital role in the development of an individual and ultimateprogress of a nation is absolutely depends on the quality of education that is planned for young generation. There are different strategies,methods and techniques which make the teaching learning more effective the rules and guidance provided by pedagogy helps in achievingthe aims, goals and objectives of education. The main objectives of this study were (a) to find out the relative effects of multiple pedagogicalcycles in classroom teaching on students’ learning at secondary level. (b) To investigate whether the students can retain the learning for alonger time when taught through pedagogical cycle. The population of the study was the students of secondary level in the schools of KhyberPakhtunkhwa. The study was delimited to the students of 10th class of Urdu medium schools .Only one Section of 10th class ofGovernment Girls High School K.D.A. Kohat was taken as sample of the study. Sample students were further divided into two groups,i.e. experimental and controlled groups on the basis of their pre-test scores. Experimental group was taught by pedagogical cycle while theControl group was taught by traditional method for a period of six weeks. At the end of the treatment, a post-test was administered andscores of pre-test, post-test were served as data of the study. T-test and analysis of variance were applied to know the significance ofdifference between the scores of groups at 0.05 level.]]>
<![CDATA[The Relationship between Working Capital Management and Profitability: A Case Study of Cement Industry in Pakistan ]]>
<![CDATA[Haq, Ikram ul]]>;
<![CDATA[Sohail, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Zaman, Khalid]]>;
<![CDATA[Alam, Zaheer]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study empirically examines the relationship between working capital management and profitability by using data offourteen companies in cement industry in the Khyber Pakhtonkhuwa Province (KPK) of Pakistan. The study is based on secondary datacollected from financial reports which is listed in Karachi Stock Exchange for the period of six years from 2004-2009. The data wasanalyzed using the techniques of correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. All the findings were tested at 0.01 and 0.05level of significance. The result concludes that there is a moderate relationship between working capital management and profitability inthe specific context of cement industry in Pakistan.]]>
<![CDATA[Mother’s Education and Students’ Multiple Intelligences ]]>
<![CDATA[Shahzada, Gulap]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The main objective of the study was to find out the relationship between mother’s education and students’ multiple intelligences.Pearson Coefficient Correlation was used to find out the relationship between mother’s education and students’ multiple intelligences. Asignificant correlation was found between mother’s education and students’ verbal/linguistic, logical/mathematical and musicalintelligence. An insignificant correlation was found between mother’s education and students’ visual/spatial, bodily/kinesthetic,interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic intelligence. It was recommended that children should be provided various opportunities sothey may enhance their different types of intelligence.]]>
<![CDATA[The Polemics of the Quest for Liberty in the Poetry of George Gordon, Lord Byron ]]>
<![CDATA[Veyu, Ernest L.]]>;
<![CDATA[Lum, Mary-Louisa]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[The quest for liberty in Lord Byron’s poetry is a polemical issue because most critics have termed it nihilistic and satanicsimply because the poet and his protagonists question Christian revelation and man-made laws. This article sets out to show that althoughLord Byron and the Byronic hero as can be seen in the different poems do question Christian revelation and flout a number of generallyaccepted moral values, they do so in an attempt to find answers, which might help the individual to understand the universe, and be ofhelp to the rest of mankind. The desire for liberty becomes the basic inspirational force, where conflict and warfare are justifiable pathwaysto the desired end. This paper also looks at the quest for liberty in Byron’s poetry from the perspective of the heroes’ ideals, justified byhuman nature and references to mythical rebels. Contrary to the generally accepted critical opinion that Lord Byron’s quest for liberty isessentially egocentric, this article seeks to show that the quest for liberty is the Byronic creed and the only constant element in the poet’sambiguous life alongside the detestation of cant. The article argues that the Byronic hero’s deconstruction of philosophical and sociopoliticalideals does not result from the poetic persona’s lawlessness as generally assumed, but from an innate justifiable call for change,first for the individual and then for the common good. Related to his search for liberty, there are a lot of polemical issues around Byron’snotion of the ideal, which are partly addressed in this paper.]]>
<![CDATA[The Attitudes of School Directors to the Multicultural Education in Turkey ]]>
<![CDATA[POLAT, Soner]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[The aim of this research, to determine the attitude of school directors to the multicultural education. The date of the research inthe descriptive survey model was collected with the multicultural education attitude scale. The population of the research consists of theschool directors which belong to public in the city of Kocaeli, and its sampling consists of 209 school directors which were appointed to theheadship for the first time in 2009-2010 academic years. At the end of the research it was found out that the school directors had apositive attitude to the multicultural education. While the gender factor does not make a significant difference in the attitudes of the schooldirectors to the multicultural education, educational level, age and seniority has made a significant difference in the attitude to themulticultural education. While the decrease is observed in the attitude to the multicultural education when age and seniority increases, theincrease has been observed in the attitude to the multicultural education when the educational level increases.]]>
<![CDATA[Devaluation and Output Growth: Evidence from Pakistan ]]>
<![CDATA[Asif, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Shah, Syed Qasim]]>;
<![CDATA[Zaman, Khalid]]>;
<![CDATA[Rashid, Kashif]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): May 2011 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[This article investigates the long run and short run effect of currency devaluation on output growth of Pakistan byapplying unit root and cointegration analysis. The data set includes annual observations for the period 1980-2009. Moreover, thisstudy examines four alternative but equally plausible hypotheses, each with different policy implications. These are: i) Real GDP causeReal Effective Exchange Rate (the conventional view), ii) Real Effective Exchange Rate cause Real GDP, iii) There is a bi-directionalcausality between the two variables and iv) Both variables are causality independent (although highly correlated). The empirical evidencefinds significant positive relationship between devaluation and output growth in long run, as well as in short run. Both in the long andshort run, output growth are affected by currency devaluations.]]>
