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Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
Published by Universitas Nusa Cendana
ISSN : 20399340     EISSN : 20392117     DOI : 10.36941/mjss
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Materials Science & Nanotechnology
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Bangunan dan Konstruksi
Articles 1,077 Documents
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Modeling the Dynamics of Money Income in Nigeria: a Co-Integration Approach Omojimite, Ben U.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This study examined the relationship between real output, monetary aggregates, price, interest rate and exchange rate usingNigerian data. Analysis of the time series properties of the data revealed that the series are cointegrated which indicated that there is along- run relationship among the variables. We specified an error correction model to analyze the nature of relationship among thevariables. The data for the analysis were sourced mainly from the publications of the Central Bank of Nigeria. The result of theparsimonious model revealed that the error correction term of the broad money model came out with the right sign and significant, implyingthat a shock is rapidly (39%) accounted for in subsequent periods. A one period lag of real exchange rate and price has a negativerelationship with output and significant while M2 and interest rate are positively related to real output and also significant. The result ofthe variance decomposition analysis revealed that the Nigerian data supports the Monetarists’ explanations of business cycles andrecommends however that a combination of both monetary and fiscal policies be explored by the relevant authorities.
Regional Competitiveness and Development with the Reference to the Situation in Albania Mehilli, Terida; Dumi, Alba
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Democratic Albanian local governance is a prerequisite to the meaningful decentralization of infrastructure management.When people participate in defining visions for sustainable development for their communities, in formulating strategies for equitable accessto services and resources and in setting priorities for action, they have endorsed. Participation also sharpens their awareness of theinterrelations between economic, social and environment issues. This is a highly significant feature of infrastructure Albanian programsand carries important role for local development. This Albanian reform allows banks to better evaluate the creditworthiness of potentialborrowers, facilitating access to credit for firms and individuals. Albania also strengthened investor protection. A new company lawrequires that disinterested shareholders approve transactions between interested parties and obligates those parties to disclose allinformation on the transaction to the public. The law also reinforces directors’ duties and requires directors, when found liable, to paydamages and return profits to the company. A new bankruptcy law approved during 2008 provides a more efficient framework for closinga business.
Impact of Logging on non Timber Forest Products (ntfps) in the Rainforest of South Eastern Nigeria Mfon, Philip; Bisong, Francis E.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This study examined the impact of logging intensity on forest diversity in Iwuru, Akamkpa Local Government Area ofCross River State, South Eastern Nigeria. Specifically, it considered the effects of logging intensity on availability of non-timber forestproducts (NTFPs), which include timber species and non-timber tree species as well as shrubs and climber species with NTFPs values.The study depended largely on the collection of primary data through direct field measurements carried out during forest inventory exercisesin sample plots with lightly logged, moderately logged, severely logged and unlogged tropical rainforest in the study area (Iwuru). Theunlogged sample plots were of various sizes depending on the type and quantity of samples to be considered. The collected data wereanalysed using two types of analytical statistical models, that is, statistical means and analysis of variance (ANOVA).From thestatistical mean analysis, the mean value for NTFPs ascribed as “good” decreases from unlogged sample plots (31.40), through lightlylogged (13.68) to moderately logged (4.71) and intensively logged plots (0.79).However, more species recorded as “minimal”, “moderate”and “severe” were in highly logged plots. The result from the analysis of variance indicates a relatively high f-value of 4.749 and very lowp-value of 0.003 indicating a significant relationship between logging and availability of NTFPs. It is established that logging intensitysignificantly affects the quality and quantity of NTFPs. The policy implications of findings are explored.
Comparative Study of Work Output and Wages of Construction Craftsmen in the Nigerian Public Sector Lawal, Philip O.; Olayeni, Tunji
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Work output of construction craftsmen in the service of the Federal Republic of Nigeria was the focal point of this study,compared on an annual basis to the wages they received. Comparison was also made of the wages in both the private and the publicsectors. The aim of the research was to quantitatively verify the authenticity of the assumption of the general public of Nigeria that theskills of the craftsmen in the public sector were being underutilized. The Federal Government Ministry of Works offices in three of thenorth-central states were used for the survey. Each of the three state field offices had four departments that were having constructioncraftsmen of various trades as the core employees. Each of the twelve heads of departments was interviewed based on preparedquestionnaire, on the volume of direct-labour work the department undertook annually. Records of the wages of the craftsmen wereobtained from the accounts department while some craftsmen filled and returned questionnaire relating to their perception of the work.Percentages were used for data analysis. The results show that the wages of the craftsmen in the public sector were lower than the wagestheir counterparts in the private sector receive until the 1999 when the wages of the former were increased. It was equally found that thevalues of work output of the public sector craftsmen were infinitesimally small when compared to their wages over the period covered by theinvestigation. The employers were actually paying the wages of the craftsmen for work not done.
Albania: Health Care System in the Course of Health Reform. An Overview of Health Insurance System Kurti, Sllavka
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This paper introduces and analyses in general the Health Care System (HCS) focusing particularly on the Health InsuranceSystem (HIS) in Albania, as a country in a period of transition. The Government of Albania is in the process of reforming andmodernizing its healthcare sector and is moving towards the establishment of a more sustainable health financing insurance system. Theaim is to obtain a clear referential structure for the further development of the health insurance system and for the establishment ofeffective, managing and administrative capacities This paper is prepared by exploring the published literature and collecting data throughsecondary sources. Several data sources have been used to describe the health performance in Albania. The review includes severalreferences and, by covering OECD countries The concepts included here serve us to better know and understand the actual situation ofHIS, and what is more to be included in a “general plan” for the preparation of the directives for the organization, implementation,observation and evaluation of the steps that have to be undertaken for the reformation of the health insurance in Albania. Albaniashould develop an explicit, comprehensive revenue collection strategy that considers all available methods, such as direct taxation, indirecttaxation, social security contributions, voluntary health insurance, and user charges, in order to optimize revenue collection.
Discoursal Variation and Gender: The Case of Compliment Responses Among Male and Female Persian Speakers Shahreza, Mohammad Ali Heidari; Dastjerdi, Hossein Vahid; Marvi, Sepideh
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This study was aimed at investigating the discoursal variation of compliment responses (CRs) among male and female IranianPersian speakers. A total of 60 elementary Iranian teenage EFL learners participated in the study. The data were collected through theapplication of written discourse completion tasks (DCTs), with four situations, i.e. appearance, character, ability and possession. Theanalysis of the data showed that both male and female groups mostly preferred Accept strategies in almost all the four situations; however,female participants took side with Evade strategies when receiving compliments for possession. The findings have generally a practicalrelevance to the speech communities under study by providing guidelines for the use of CRs. They have also pedagogical implications,helping males and female Persian speakers respond to compliments in a culturally acceptable manner.
The Correlation Between the Number of Hours Spent on Reading and Language Competence Gained? Bahrani, Taher
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

In academia, there is a sort of hidden argument about the factors which shape effective reading and the amount of languagecompetence gained through reading. In this regard, few believe that the number of the hours spent daily on reading different sources willlead to effective reading and high language competence regardless of the fact that how this amount of time is spent. On the contrary, somebelieve that the number of hours has nothing to do with effective reading and this time measurement criterion has no validity in relation toeffective reading and the development of specialized language competence. Accordingly, the present paper tried to consider the essentialfactors which lead to effective reading and the development of specialized competence. Moreover, it aimed at providing evidence of the factthat high specialized language competence is basically the result of effective reading rather than the number of hours spent on readingsomething.
Learning Strategies in Second Language Learning and Teaching Muho, Anita; Kurani, Aida
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

The aim of this paper is to provide a contemporary portrait of second language learning and teaching and to illustrate waysteachers can incorporate these ideas in their own teaching practice. It attempts to clarify some of the fuzziness by trying first of all toestablish basic terminology and going on to discuss definition and classification of language learning strategies. This article provides anoverview of language learning strategies for second language teachers. Using language learning strategies and training in the L2 class notonly encourages learners in their language learning but also helps teachers reflect on and improve their teaching. The development oflanguage learning strategy theory and how it fits into the framework of contemporary language teaching and learning for students whospeak other languages is examined, and research on language learning strategies to date is reviewed.
Subjectivity and Humanism as Two Major Factors of Jaun Paul Sartre’s Existentialism in: Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s ‘No One Writes to the Colonel’ Harati, Maryam; Abadi, Mohammad Mahdi Kashani Lotf
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Existentialism, as the forerunner of twentieth century’s thought schools, encompasses and gives far more meaning to theclassical work of literature even the most recent ones as Gabriel Garcia Marquez. It is one of the broad schools of thought and philosophythat deeply indebted to the ideas and studies of a French philosopher called Jean-Paul Sartre. “The more fashionable a philosophybecomes”, Marjorie Grene states in his Introduction to Existentialism, “the more elusive is its definition” (Grene 23). So, the proponentsof existentialism proclaim that though many attacks few understand them" (Elizabeth 1). Regarding the school of existentialism and theMarquez’s work called No One Writes to the Colonel; this study concentrates on Subjectivity and humanism as viewed in this novel andas applied from the school. Sartre's existential elements, such as Subjectivity and Freedom, to choose as the two basic issues ofexistentialism, are applicable and seen through this novel. The major character of the novel, a Colonel, makes his mind up to choosewaiting and through this decision, he gave meaning to his life and his own subjectivity. Finally the study comes to the conclusion that theColonel of Marquez’s novel –No One Writes to the Colonel- is an Existential human being, since he decides, accepts the responsibilities,alienates himself, and becomes a sort of stranger in his hometown. And yet, he does not lose his hope, as far as he is free, liberated tochoose for humanism. Therefore, through the challenges he gains his true subjectivity and humanism.
Is Fine Arts Inevitable Requisite for Bachelors Degree in Visual Arts?: Notes from the Admission Policy of a Nigerian University Ajibade, Babson; Enamhe, Bojor; Oloidi, Wole
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

There was dearth of students for the BA programme of the Department of Visual Arts and Technology, Cross RiverUniversity of Technology, Calabar, because a credit pass in fine arts at the secondary school level was requisite for admissions. Thisresearch sort to find out if doing fine arts at the secondary school level was an inevitable requisite for studying visual arts in the university.Admissions data was recorded for 6 years before, and 5 years after credit pass in fine arts was delisted as admission requisite. Researchinstruments were designed and applied to students and staff to find out if not having done fine arts in secondary school affected the abilityof BA students to learn and execute creative skills, or whether there was any significant difference in performance between them and thosethat did fine arts in secondary school. Data indicates a dramatic rise in the number of students that applied and were admitted after finearts was delisted. Further, 91.2% of the students were satisfied with doing visual arts without having done fine arts in secondary school,while 78.4% of the students and 100% of lecturers perceived no significant difference in performance between students that did fine arts insecondary school and those that did not. The study then concluded that fine arts is not an inevitable requisite for Bachelors Degree inVisual Arts and students that did not do the subject in secondary school can do as well if the curriculum and training conditions areright.

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