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<![CDATA[Unnatural Female Deaths within Seven Years of Marital Life: An Autopsy based Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Jeeveswararao Bagadi1, Srinivasulu Pothireddy2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.22
<![CDATA[Unnatural female deaths pose a major challenge for society. The study was conducted on 644 unnatural female deaths during the calendar years from 2008 to 2012, in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Andhra Medical College. Women less than 29 years of age group, in the first three years of their marital life were the major victims in our study. Improving women literacy may give employment and there by economical independency of women.]]>
<![CDATA[Study of Dimorphism of Humerus in Maharashtra Population ]]>
<![CDATA[Mohammad Abdul Mateen]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.23
<![CDATA[45 male and 45 females right and left dried, non pathological humerus were measured with vernier caliper and weighed with digital weighing machine. The vertical diameter of superior articular surface, transverse diameter of superior articular surface, circumference of superior articular surface, circumference of mid shaft in males and females of right and left humerus were studied and found highly significant P values in both sexes and right left humerus (P<0.01). These parameters will be quite useful to medico- legal expert, anthropologist because morphometric values of mesoderm are uncertain.]]>
<![CDATA[Perception of Students Regarding Gender based Violence. ]]>
<![CDATA[Muzaffar A1, Shenoy VK2, Vaswani VR3, Badiadika KK4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.24
<![CDATA[Objectives: The study is undertaken to explore perception of students regarding violence against women with specific reference to domestic violence and sexual violence.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire based exploratory study conducted in Mangalore, Karnataka, India. 220 participants consisting of age group between 18 to 25 years were included. Responses were obtained from the study participants through open and close ended questionnaires. Results: More than half (60%) of medical students and (56%) of engineering students disagree that in modern India women are enjoying equal rights to men. Three forth (77% male, 82% female) of students believe and disagree that it is alright for a man to beat his wife in order to make her obedient. Two forth (61%) of medical students and (63%) of engineering students agree that throwing acid on a woman to cause disfiguration is an example of gender based violence. Conclusion: The perception of medical and engineering students regarding gender based violence is quite similar. This study brought out issues of increased violence against women. A significant number still felt that dressing of a woman may be a factor for sexual assault. Women are still facing gender inequality and are not getting equal rights to men. Even though incidence of harassment, domestic violence are on the rise, women are not ready to report about their suffering because of social and family pressure. There is also need for awareness to be bought in gender mainstreaming for educating all sectors of the society.]]>
<![CDATA[Legal & Intellectual Property Dimension of Health & Access to Medicines in India ]]>
<![CDATA[M.Z.M. Nomani1, Alaa K.K.Alhalboosi2, Mohammad Rauf3]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.25
<![CDATA[Trade- Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement, 1995 established synergy with human rights laws in realization of right to health, access to medicine and sustainable development. The Doha Declaration on Public Health, 2001; Sustainable Development Goals, 2015-2030 and United Nations Secretary- General’s High- Level Panel on Access to Medicines Report, 2016 promote innovation of health technologies in developing countries. It is estimated that 75 per cent of the world’s population is health deficient and medicine starved due to patenting requirement of pharmaceutical industries. India passed Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005 dealing with exclusive marketing right, product patent and process patent to protect the interest of the generic drugs in compliance of TRIPS Agreement, 1995 under public interest. In post Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005 phase India faced formidable challenge of the Swiss drug maker Novartis’ patent application for Gleevec in Madras High Court, 2006; Intellectual Property Appellate Board (IPAB) in 2009 and Supreme Court in 2013. The judicial exuberance struck a balance between patent right, health right and access to medicine in Indian socio-economic context. It is followed by spelling out of the National Intellectual Property Right (IPR) Policy, 2016 focused on enhancing access to healthcare as human right.]]>
<![CDATA[Assessment of the Awareness of Knowledge of Dental Records in Forensic Dentistry among Undergraduate Dental Students ]]>
<![CDATA[Shyam Sundar Behura1, Shirsha Mukherjee2, Roquaiya Nishat3, Lipsa Bhuyan4, N Aravindha Babu5]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.26
<![CDATA[Aim & Objectives: To assess the awareness of patient’s dental record maintenance among BDS students and to evaluate their knowledge regarding the potential use of their maintained records in forensic identification.Materials and Method: Data was collected by means of a self administered questionnaire consisting of 24 closed ended questions, addressed on the awareness about patient’s dental record maintenance and its importance in forensic needs among 3rd, 4th year BDS students and interns of a private dental college.Results: 73.1% of the respondents were aware that dentists were legally bound to maintain records in India and 83.5% were aware that these could contribute towards forensic investigations. Most of the students were aware of how to maintain dental records in an institution. 67.4% of the study population felt the need to store records for a minimum of 5 years. 65-70% had knowledge regarding denture markers and role of implants in forensic identification. The most perceived barrier to good dental record keeping was lack of time according to most of the students.Conclusion: The survey revealed awareness on the importance of dental records in forensic identification among BDS students. Few areas showed inadequate knowledge, thus mandating an utmost need to train dental students in this field. Newer methods like denture marking and Aadhar number in corpoartion in prostheses should be given importance.]]>
<![CDATA[A Study to Compare the Stress Patterns in the Edentulous Mandibular Bone around the Two Implant Retained Over Denture and the Prosthesis Restored with All-On-Four Concept Using the Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Puneeth Hegde1, Satish Shenoy2, Shobha Rodrigues3, Thilak Shetty4, Umesh Pai1, Sharon Saldhana1, Mah]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.27
<![CDATA[When we consider the rehabilitation of patients with the mandibular implant supported over denture, the influence of the implant number and the cantilever design on the stress distribution on the bone needs to be assessed precisely.Purpose: The purpose of the simulation study was to compare the biomechanical behavior of the two implant supported over denture design with the All-On-Four Concept using the three dimensional finite element method thereby evaluating the Von Misses stresses induced on the implant under different loading simulations.Materials & Method: Three dimensional models representing mandible restored with two implant supported prosthesis was compared with the models that were restored based on the ‘All-On-Four’ concept. The models were then subjected to four different loading simulations (full mouth biting, canine disclusion, load on cantilever, and load in the absence of cantilever). The maximum von Mises stresses were localized and quantified for comparison.1Results: Among the models, under all loading simulations, the maximum stress concentrations were along the neck of the implant. The stress levels for full mouth loading simulation was highest for two implant supported overdenture design and the least for All-On-Four overdenture design. In all the designs, the least stress was when the implants were loaded in a lateral direction. The stress levels for cantilever and non-cantilevered designs were nearly the same for all the simulated designs.Conclusion: When tested under different loading simulations, both models showed similar location and distribution of stress patterns. Thus from the study it can be concluded that the All-On-Four Concept is a clinically applicable treatment option for the atrophic edentulous ridges and induces least amount of stresses on the edentulous ridges. Therefore the overall longevity of the prosthesis is greatly enhanced.]]>
<![CDATA[Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Patient with Mixed Connective Tissue Disease Using Glove Type Silicone Finger and Toe Prosthesis ]]>
<![CDATA[Thilak Shetty1, Abhinav Sharma2, Shobha J Rodrigues3, Vidya K Shenoy4, Umesh Pai5, Sharon Saldanha5,]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.28
<![CDATA[The hand is a powerful tool and its loss causes a severe psychological and physical drawback. A considerable number of people each year suffer finger or partial finger amputations as a result of malignant disease, trauma, and congenital deformity.Prosthetic restoration is usually considered difficult for the whole or a part of the finger and it worsens if multiple fingers are involved. Additionally in patients with mixed connective tissue disorders with overlapping clinical features of scleroderma and arthritis any undue pressure from the artificial rings or vacuum fit of the prosthesis might cause further vasoconstriction that could worsen blood flow to extremities. This clinical report describes a simple and economical method for prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with mixed connective tissue disease following digital loss using a custom made prosthesis with medical grade tissue adhesive as retentive aid.]]>
<![CDATA[Perception of Students Regarding Gender based Violence ]]>
<![CDATA[Muzaffar A1, Shenoy VK2, Vaswani VR3, Badiadika KK4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.29
<![CDATA[Objectives: The study is undertaken to explore perception of students regarding violence against women with specific reference to domestic violence and sexual violence.Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire based exploratory study conducted in Mangalore, Karnataka, India. 220 participants consisting of age group between 18 to 25 years were included. Responses were obtained from the study participants through open and close ended questionnaires. Results: More than half (60%) of medical students and (56%) of engineering students disagree that in modern India women are enjoying equal rights to men. Three forth (77% male, 82% female) of students believe and disagree that it is alright for a man to beat his wife in order to make her obedient. Two forth (61%) of medical students and (63%) of engineering students agree that throwing acid on a woman to cause disfiguration is an example of gender based violence. Conclusion: The perception of medical and engineering students regarding gender based violence is quite similar. This study brought out issues of increased violence against women. A significant number still felt that dressing of a woman may be a factor for sexual assault. Women are still facing gender inequality and are not getting equal rights to men. Even though incidence of harassment, domestic violence are on the rise, women are not ready to report about their suffering because of social and family pressure. There is also need for awareness to be bought in gender mainstreaming for educating all sectors of the society.]]>
<![CDATA[Evaluation for Correlation of Cheiloscopy and Dermatoglyphics in Gender Determination ]]>
<![CDATA[Tim Peter Thermadam1, Laxmikanth Chatra2, Auswaf Ahsan3]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.30
<![CDATA[Background: Identification of the suspect, living or dead with the help of physical charachteristics play a vital role in forensic science. Improved methods of gender determination and personal identification are important in solving criminal cases. Cheiloscopy and dactyloscopy have been proved to be of use in personal identification. The present study aims to evaluate correlation of Cheiloscopy and Dermatoglyphics in gender determinationMaterials and Method: The study was carried out from January 2017 to January 2019 on 2112 individuals (1056 males and 1056 females) aged from 15 to 60 years in KMCT Dental College, Calicut. For lip print analysis Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification was followed. For finger print analysis impression of all the fingers were taken. For analysis, the images were cropped and abode photoshop software was used.Results: Type 1 and 1’ lip groove patterns were found to be predominant among males.Type 4 and Type 5 lip groove patterns were found to be predominant among females. Loop finger print patterns were found to be predominant among males.Whorl finger print patterns were found to be predominant among females. Positive correlation (+0.80) was found between loop finger print pattern and Type 1’ lip print pattern in males which is statistically significant (p=0.003).Positive correlation (+0.75) was found between whorl finger print pattern and Type IV lip groove pattern in females which is statistically significant. (p=0.005)Conclusion: There was definite correlation of Cheiloscopy and Dermatoglyphics in gender determination]]>
<![CDATA[A Study to Compare the Stress Patterns in the Edenulous Mandibalur Bone Around the Two Implant Retained Over Denture and the Prosthesis Restored with All-On-Four Concept Using the Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Puneeth Hegde1, Satish Shenoy2, Shobha Rodrigues3, Thilak Shetty4, Umesh Pai1, Sharon Saldhana1, Mah]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.31
<![CDATA[When we consider the rehabilitation of patients with the mandibular implant supported over denture, the influence of the implant number and the cantilever design on the stress distribution on the bone needs to be assessed precisely.Purpose: The purpose of the simulation study was to compare the biomechanical behavior of the two implant supported over denture design with the All-On-Four Concept using the three dimensional finite element method thereby evaluating the Von Misses stresses induced on the implant under different loading simulations.Materials & Method: Three dimensional models representing mandible restored with two implant supported prosthesis was compared with the models that were restored based on the ‘All-On-Four’ concept. The models were then subjected to four different loading simulations (full mouth biting, canine disclusion, load on cantilever, and load in the absence of cantilever). The maximum von Mises stresses were localized and quantified for comparison.1Results: Among the models, under all loading simulations, the maximum stress concentrations were along the neck of the implant. The stress levels for full mouth loading simulation was highest for two implant supported overdenture design and the least for All-On-Four overdenture design. In all the designs, the least stress was when the implants were loaded in a lateral direction. The stress levels for cantilever and non-cantilevered designs were nearly the same for all the simulated designs.Conclusion: When tested under different loading simulations, both models showed similar location and distribution of stress patterns. Thus from the study it can be concluded that the All-On-Four Concept is a clinically applicable treatment option for the atrophic edentulous ridges and induces least amount of stresses on the edentulous ridges. Therefore the overall longevity of the prosthesis is greatly enhanced.]]>
