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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 276   277   278   279   280 
Awareness of Medico Legal Aspects of Clinical Practise and Common Medico Legal Issues among Medical Graduates Padmakumar.K 1 , Ajith Paleakkara2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13408

Abstract

Background: Medical practitioner is expected to have skills and knowledge in his field along with legalaspects of practise of Medicine, various medico legal issues and management of such issues. The study willhelp us to know the areas of weakness with regard to handling of medico legal issues among the medicalgraduates and can suggest remedial measures to improve the learning process.Method: Data will be collected by giving a printed questionnaire which consists of seventeen questionsrelated to basic knowledge of medico legal issues and its management. This will be done only after takingconsent. The participants are required to answer by agreeing or disagreeing the statements given or by givingsimple answers to the questions. Data will be analysed using Microsoft excel & SPSS Software and resultswill be presented with frequency and percentage and will be illustrated within charts and tables.120 medicalgraduates participated in the study and study showed an existence of gap in the learning and practicalknowledge about medical legal issues and its practise.Conclusion: Regular training to update the knowledge of medico-legal issues is necessary to ensurecontinuous improvement of the quality of health care delivery and better administration of justice.
Effectiveness of Education and Information Technology on Menopausal Syndrome among Rural and Urban Premenopausal Women Parimala.L1 , Kaviya.S2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13409

Abstract

Background: Menopause is defined as the point in time when menstrual cycles permanently cease dueto the natural depletion of ovarian oocytes from aging. The diagnosis is typically made retrospectively afterthe woman has missed menses for 12 consecutive months. Pre-menopause is a biological stage in a woman’slife when she is no longer fertile and is marked by the cessation of menstruation. The study aimed to assessthe effectiveness of education and information technology on menopausal syndrome among rural and urbanpremenopausal women.Methods: Pre experimental research design was used with 50 rural premenopausal women and 50 urbanpremenopausal women samples who matched the inclusion criteria were selected by simple random samplingtechnique. Demographic variables were collected by self structured questionnaires. The results of the studyare in rural, 31(62%) women had adequate knowledge in pre test and 40(80%) in post test, 15(30%) womenhad moderate knowledge in pre test and 10(20%) in post test, 4(8%) women had adequate knowledge in pretest. In urban 42(8%) women had adequate knowledge in pre test and 39(78%) in post test, 7(14%) womenhad moderate knowledge in pre test and 11(22%) in post test, 1(2%) women had adequate knowledge in pretest on menopausal syndrome among rural and urban premenopausal women.Conclusion: The study concludes that majority of the women had a negative outlook towards premenopausalsyndrome and their management. After providing information regarding premenopausal syndrome andmanagement women had a positive outlook.
Clinical Study of Combined Endoscopic And Percutaneous Management of a Late Complication Following Tension-free Vaginal Tape (TVT) Anchored Stone for Female Stress Urinary Incontinence Patel Mikir1 , Nahar Gaurav1 , Pavan Kumar Tungala2 , Patel Harsh2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13410

Abstract

TVT is a simple and less-invasive variation of the suburethral sling with higher success rates1. It has beenrapidly gaining popularity worldwide but it has also lead to increasing number of patients presenting withassociated complications. Bladder erosion through the bladder wall occuring predominantly within the first2 years the placement of TVT is producing tension or in the close proximity of the bladder..Formation of acalculus in the urinary bladder secondary to an intravesical mesh erosion is relatively infrequent rare anddelayed complication.Owing to the scarcity of the data on mesh erosion there is no consensus regarding theideal approach to remove the mesh Combined endoscopic and percutaneous approach should be opted as thepreferred approach .Open surgery should be opted only if minimal invasive approach fails.
Medicolegal Evaluation of Burn Injuries- An Autopsy Based Study Pradeep Kumar Nayak1 , Bibhuti Bhusana Panda2 , Sudhansu Sekhar Sethi3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13411

Abstract

Even before the primitive man learnt to use fire, he has been a victim of it. Our study was carried out overa period of 2 years starting from 1st September 2012 to 31st August 2014 at SCB Medical College, Cuttack,Odisha on burn deaths. Aim and objective of the study was to know demographic pattern, cause of death andrelation of body surface involved.The rate of burn death was 16.7% of the total autopsy. Female victims outnumbered male victims with afemale to male ratio approximately 3.2 : 1. Majority of the cases belong to adolescent and young adult (11-40 years) age group. Maximum no. of victims were married. In most of the cases fatal period was within24 hours. Most of the deaths occurred when >40% of TBSA is involved. Most of the victims died within1 week. More than 80% of TBSA are involved in majority of cases of shock, whereas a wide range ofTBSA(30-100%) is involved in cases of septicaemia. Major cause of death in burn was septicaemia.
Eating Attitudes Test Students Using EAT-26 Questionnaire Among Physiotherapy Undergraduate Students Prasad B. Risaldar1 , Akshata Raut1 , Arti Sahu2 , Waqar M. Naqvi3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13412

Abstract

Introduction: Increased number of high BMI individuals eventually leads them to low self-esteem, low selfevaluation which can lead to self-destructive behaviours such as uncontrollable dieting or overeating.thus,in order to evaluate the eating attitudes a study is conducted among the undergraduate students. Incidenceof fast food is increasing rapidly day by day especially in the young individuals, with improper food eatinghabits at irregular intervals which includes increased intake of carbonated soft drinks in young individuals,due to which there is increased risk of various health hazards out of which the most commonest healthhazard is increased risk of obesity in young population especially of urban region obesity also affects theindividuals in different aspects such as lethargy, psychological disturbances and physical inactivity leadingto increased risk of cardiovascular complications. EAT -26 questionnaire is a screening measure whichhelps in determining whether you might have an eating disorder that needs professional attention. Thisquestionnaire is a screening measure and is not designed to make a diagnosis of an eating disorder or toreplace the place of a professional consultation.Objective: The objective of the study was to get the number of individuals at risk and to analyse the changein the food habits.Study design: The design of the study is Observational with 1 month study duration.Result: 44 students were having inappropriate eating disorder whereas 156 students were having normaleating habits.Conclusion: 22% of students are at risk of eating disorder tested by EAT 26 questionnaire .
Effectiveness of Active Release Technique verses Conventional Physiotherapy in Management of Upper Cross Syndrome Prasad Risalda1 , Pratik Phansopkar2 , Waqar M. Naqvi3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13413

Abstract

Background: In upper cross syndrome (UCS), weaker neck flexors, anterior and middle serratus and lowertrapezius along with rhomboids usually develop, and tightness of the levator scapulae, pectoralis major andupper trapezius are biomechanically adapted. Active Release Technique (ART) helps to reduce discomfortand improve the range of movement. Also, Active Release Technique (ART) is a manual procedure which isalso being used for other soft tissue rehabilitation as well as for the management of the scar tissues. UCS andneck pain is common with uncomfortable job postures as well as in stress and anxiety, due to which muscledysfunction starts which can further followed by altered posture around the neck.Aim and Objective: To evaluate the effects of Active Release Technique verses conventional physiotherapyin management of upper cross syndrome physiotherapy.Materials and Method: 35 patients will be grouped in two groups. Both groups will be treated for sixsessions. Group A will be treated with active release technique and static stretching along with hydrocollatorpack. The patients coming under Group B, conventional physiotherapy would be given which include uppertrapezoid stretching, levator scapulae and pectoralis major as well as rhomboid strengthening, deep neckflexors, lower trapezius along with the hydrocollator pack.Result: The parameters of outcome measures in interval of pre and post treatment will be analysed using thestatistical test namely students paired T test.Conclusion: Based on the previous data of ART we assume it will be beneficial in relieving the symptomsinvolved in UCS.
Significance of Measuring Dimensions of Lumbar Lamina and Spinal Canal – A Cadaveric Study Priyanka N. Sharma1 , Manoj Kulkarni2, A. R. Gandotra3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13414

Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of lumbar nerve root compression and surgeries for its treatment likelaminectomy, laminotomies are increasing. Similarly, intralaminar screw insertion and use of laminar hooksfor stabilization is also gaining popularity. The dimensions of lumbar lamina are of importance for designingof lumbar spinal implants used. Method: The present study was under taken to measure vertical height oflumbar lamina and width of lumbar vertebral canal in cadavers. Lumbar spine was exposed from posteriormidline approach in 20 formalin preserved cadavers. The dimensions of lumbar lamina L1 to L5 wererecorded with the help of Digital Vernier Caliper after removal of soft tissue from the vertebrae. The datawas analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Result: Range of transverse width of vertebral canal ofL1 and L2 was 14-23 mm. It gradually reduces in L3, L4 and L5 (12-21 mm). There was no significantdifference in width of vertebral canal between Male and female. Mean height of lamina at junction withtransverse process at L2 was (25.7±2.8mm) which reduced from L3, L4 and was lowest in L5 (20.8±2).Mean height of lamina at junction with Spinous process increased from L1 to L2 (27.55±3.3) and decreasedfrom L3, L4 and L5 being smallest (24.3±2.7). The gender, right and left differences for the dimensions oflumbar vertebral lamina were statistically insignificant. In 35 percent cases the spinous processes were fusedwhich was an accidental finding. Conclusion: The data so collected will be of great significance for spinalsurgeons and for designing of implant around this region.
Screening for Lower Cross Syndrome in Asymptomatic Individuals- A Study Protocol Priyanka Sahu1 , Pratik Phansopkar2 , Kiran Kumar3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13415

Abstract

Background: lower cross syndrome results from muscle strength imbalance in the lower segment. It ischaracterized by specific pattern of muscle weakness and tightness that cross between the dorsal and ventralsides of the body. In lower-crossed syndrome, the patient typically has anterior pelvic turn, elevated lumbarlordosis (swayback), and weak abdominal muscles. Inaction may also have a detrimental effect on themechanics of the body, such as immobilization, disuse or excessive postural discomfort, such as sitting atthe workstation for long periods of time and poor posture .It also involves tightness of the iliopsoas, rectusfemoris, fascia lata tensor, adductor group, gastrocnemius, and soleus. Pressure biofeedback device is usedfor the purpose of measuring and treating the transverse abdominis muscle. This study is needed becauseover time due to prolonged daily activities and lack of regular exercises in young people, this leads to muscleimbalance which leads to low back pain in this population. The goal of the study is to screen for lower crosssyndrome in asymptomatic individual.Aim and objective: To screen for lower cross syndrome in asymptomatic individual. Materials andMethods: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 300 individuals will be included in the study andthe respective evaluation procedure for lower cross syndrome will be carried out.Result: The expected results would include the data about whether lower cross syndrome would be detectedin the asymptomatic individuals. Data will be analyzed using paired T-test.Conclusion: based on the previous data of test and assessment we assume it will be beneficial in relievingthe symptoms of lower cross syndrome.
Unnatural Deaths in the Paediatric Age Group in a Tertiary Hospital at Bangalore: An Autopsy Study R K Varma1 , P Shruthi2 , S R Jagannath 3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13416

Abstract

Background and Aim: During transition from childhood to adulthood, people are exposed to varioushazards having potentiality lead to unnatural deaths by distorting physical, mental and social wellbeing.Studying pattern of unnatural deaths helps stakeholders to formulate policies for prevention of loss ofimportant human resource.Materials and Methods: A descriptive study with purposive sampling was conducted at KIMS Hospital andResearch Centre, Bangalore from 2013 to 2015 wherein the data using pre-tested structured proforma wascollected from autopsies of unnatural deaths among pediatric age group (0-18 years). The details pertainingto the Socio demographic characteristics, pattern of injuries and cause of death was ascertained from thepolice reports, reliable attendants of the deceased, histopathological /hospital records and postmortemreports.The data obtained from this study was analyzed statistically by presenting the data in the form ofappropriate tables and graphs, computing the descriptive statistics like mean, median, standard deviationand percentages.Results: Out of 832 cases, 703 (84.5%) were unnatural deaths, amongst which 8.8% cases were of paediatricsof age group. In that (82.2%) 51 cases belonged to 12-18 years, followed by 5-12 years and preschool age(3-5years) each with 4 cases (6.5%), 3 cases (4.8%) are of toddlers (1-3) years and no cases were reportedamong infants. Male preponderance was seen 35 cases (56%). Maximum number of deaths occurred duringevening times i.e., 30 cases (48.39%).In the present study, maximum number of victims were from socialclass II i.e., 38 cases and least among social class I with only 1 case. Out of 62 cases , 37 cases (60%) wereintentional deaths (1 case (3%) is homicidal and 36 cases (97%) were suicidal )and 25 cases (40%)wereunintentional deaths. In the present study out of 36 suicidal cases, Hanging was the most preferred methodused to commit suicide with 26 cases (42%), followed by burns and drowning with 1 (8%) case each. Out 62cases, only 12 (19%) cases were treated before death and remaining 50 (81%) were not treated prior to death.Conclusion: This study indicates that there is an immense responsibility for the parents and caregivers insupervising their children .The public health burden of all unnatural deaths needs to be estimated to providea rational basis for policy decisions to implement necessary interventions.
Estimation of Time Since Death from Na+ Ion Concentration in CSF Rajesh S. Chintalwar1 , Anurag Kesarwani2 , Shailendra G. Dhawane3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13417

Abstract

In the present study 100 medico legal cases examined for Na+ ion concentration in CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)at different postmortem interval in the department of Forensic Medicine Indira Gandhi Medical College,Nagpur. Analysis revealed that there is decrease in sodium ion concentration with PMI, and shows negativecoefficient correlation r= -0.721. (p<0.001), the least square regression equation is found to be y = -1.027x+ 138.7, where y= sodium ion concentration (independent variable) and x= time since death (dependentvariable). The sodium ion concentration in CSF decreases after death and it is statistically significantbut individual variation is such that we can’t accurately calculate postmortem interval from sodium ionconcentration.

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