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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Imprints of miRNA- An Update Priya N S; Ramakant Nayak; Vijayalakshmi K; Kishore Bhat
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15335

Abstract

Introduction: Micro Ribonucleic acid (miRNA) is the novel fraction of non-coding RNA, which is considered as the biological measure of genetic state of a cell. It plays a mantle regulatory role post transcriptionally, involving both biological and pathologic cellular processes. miRNAs possess unique properties like, abundant tissue expression which allows for reproducible isolation and quantification. Methods: Literature search was carried out by using different combinations of keywords on Pub Med and Cochrane database to retrieve the data for the literature review. Discussion: Distinct expression profiles of miRNA in OSCC (Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma) offers the use of specific miRNAs signature for early-stage diagnosis, prediction and prognosis. It plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of cancer functioning either as an oncogene or as tumor suppressor. At present, it has a huge impact on understanding the aberrant gene modifications in OSCC and its future effects on prognosis and therapeutic relevance needs to be looked upon.Conclusion: Distinct phases of miRNA from its origin, properties, functionality, detection, cancer association to future trends are updated in this review.
A Prospective Observational Study Ondemographic Profile and Clinical Outcomes of Acutepoisoning Cases in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India Priyadarshini Varadaraj; Aiswarya M Nair; Vaasanthi Rajendran; Lakshmi Marappa; Santhosh Kumar P; Senthil Narayanasamy
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15336

Abstract

Background: The profile of acute poisoning cases is fast changing in last few years, due to advancements in agriculture, construction, sanitation, cosmetic industry and not the least in pharmacology. The advancements and invention of new chemical agents in these industries have increased the access to wide range of materials with quite varied chemical nature, which is reflected in the profile of acute poisonings.Methods: The study is a prospective observational study for a period of 18 months .The study population included all the patients presenting to the emergency department with history of acute poisoning excluding accidental non-self- poisoning.Conclusion: In the current study, highest proportion of subjects in the overall study group was between 26 to 40 years. The proportion of males and females were almost equal whereas in OPC poisoning group the proportion of males was much higher than females. Majority of the affected population were married, living in urban areas, educated ,belonged to lower class. Highest proportion was constituted by housewives and students .Organophosphorous poisoning was the most common poisoning reported followed by benzodiazepines and rat killer in thestudy.The overall mortality rate in the study was 10.53%.Mortality was highest when the subjects were presented beyond 6 hours. Among the type of poisons OPC poisoning had highest mortality.
An Autopsy based Study on the Relationship of Cystic Artery with Respect to Common Bile Duct, Common Hepatic Duct and Calot’s Triangle in Light of Hepato-Biliary Surgery Puloma Chakraborty; Sayak Sovan Dutta; Sandip Mukhopadhyay
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15337

Abstract

Background: The arterial system of human body is often subjected to a good number of variations. Therefore, trying to find out variations in relationship of cystic artery with CBD, CHD and Calot’s triangle will surely be a useful endeavor for an Anatomist and Autopsy Surgeon, moreover such an effort will help the surgeons in planning and operating upon the hepatobiliary system. Method: The present work was carried out in the Department of FMT, NRSMCH, Kolkata in collaboration with the Department of Anatomy, Medical College, Kolkata over a period of one year to find out relationship of Cystic artery with CBD and CHD and also to check whether Cystic artery was present within Calot’s triangle. Fifty cadavers of both sexes were subjected to detail dissection method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Adult human cadavers above 18 yrs of age were included in this study whereas paediatric cadavers below 18 yrs of age, cadavers above 18 years where dissection cannot be done because of pathology in and around porta hepatis, decomposed dead bodies and dead bodies came for autopsy with gross abdominal injury involving hepato-billiary system were excluded from the study. The study was prospective, cross sectional, observational, autopsy based study. The cystic artery was lying posterior to CHD or CBD in 90% cases where as it was placed anteriorly in 10% of specimens. The cystic artery was lying anterior to CHD in 6% cases whereas and anterior to the CBD in 4% cases. In these 4 % cases CA was also inferior in position with respect to the cystic duct. In 96% of specimens the cystic artery was lying inside the Calot’s triangle whereas the 4% cases showed presence of cystic arteries outside the Calot’s triangle. Conclusion: Because variations are very common in hepatic and Cystic arteries, sound knowledge will allow the surgeons to practice safe laparoscopic or open Cholecystectomy, liver resections and vascular recombination in transplantation and there by avoid errors and patient morbidity. A good knowledge of Calot’s triangle is important for conventional and laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.
An Integrated Autopsy based Study on Variations in Origin of Right and Left Hepatic Arteries & Cystic Artery in Light of Hepato-Biliary Surgery Puloma Chakraborty; Sayak Sovan Dutta; Sandip Mukhopadhyay
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15338

Abstract

Background: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is widely accepted as the gold standard in the treatment of cholelithiasis and this new technique was initially associated with a significant increase in morbidity, and in particular, in iatrogenic biliary injury and arterial haemorrhage, perhaps due to a lack of knowledge of the laparoscopic anatomy of the gallbladder pedicle.The arterial system of human body is often subjected to a good number of variations. Therefore, trying to find out variations in origin of right and left hepatic arteries and also cystic artery will surely be a useful endeavor for an Anatomist and Autopsy Surgeon, moreover such an effort will help the surgeons in planning and operating upon the hepatobiliary system. Method:The present work was carried out in the Department of FMT, NRSMCH, Kolkata in collaboration with the Department of Anatomy, Medical College, Kolkata over a period of one year to find out variations ion origin of right and left hepatic arteries and cystic artery. Fifty cadavers of both sexes were subjected to detail dissection method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was prospective, cross sectional, observational, autopsy based study.Conclusion:In 92% cases total number of branches from the HAP were three, four branches were arising from it in 6% cases, whereas >four branches from the HAP in remaining 2% cases.The branching pattern of the HAP at the porta hepatis showed bifurcation in 96 % cases, whereas HAP showed trifurcation pattern at porta hepatis in 4% cases.Any source of origin of the RHA and LHA other than the HAP was recorded as 0%. The percentage of occurrence of accessory or replaced RHA was 0%.This was also the case with LHA.The present study revealed the RHA (92%) being the commonest source of origin of cystic artery. In 8% cases cystic artery represented variant origin. Variant origins of CA were represented by the HAP (6%) and GDA (2%).In 96% of cases, the cystic artery was single. Remaining 4% of cadavers showed presence of more than one cystic artery, the number being two.Most significant finding in this present study according to the researcher is the presence of double cystic arteries.
Clinical Pattern, Morphology and Treatment Modality of Basal Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck Region: Analysis of 10 Cases Parveen Mendiratta; Vandana Mendiratta; Roopak Aggarwal; Shailendra Pal Singh
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15339

Abstract

Basal cell carcinoma is most common type of non-melanotic skin cancer. Causative agents are UV and ionizing radiation and chemicals. Nodular, pigmented, superficial, cystic and infiltrative are major subtypes. It is mainly treated by excision surgery in the form of wide local excision and reconstruction is done by various flaps. In our study 10 patients were included and found that carcinoma is commoner in old age female patients and mainly near right canthus of eyeball; treated with surgery which is well tolerated by all the patients.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Protocol Regarding Infection Control in Labour Room in Terms of Knowledge Gain among B. Sc Nursing III Year Students of Govt. College of Nursing Indore Pragati Das; C. Chouhan; Asha Ram
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15341

Abstract

Dental Amalgam- Anthropogenic Aspects Pragya Pandey; Kirti Srivastava; Himanshu Reddy; Diksha Singh
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15342

Abstract

Mercury is released in the environment by various natural and anthropogenic activities. As mercury is toxic, presence of high levels of mercury in the environment is a major concern. One source of mercury in humans is dental amalgam fillings. Dental amalgam has been used for ages in dental clinics and dental hospitals for restoring defective and decayed teeth. This raises concern regarding the use of dental amalgam and its disposal. The purpose of this article is to sensitize people about the hazards of mercury, make them cognizant with guidelines regarding the use of mercury in dental clinics and enforce the use of alternatives to mercury when possible.
Morphometric Study of Dry Human Patella with Its Clinical Correlation Pratima Baisakh; Lopamudra Nayak; B Shanta Kumari; Saurjya Ranjan Das
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15343

Abstract

Background- Patella is the largest sesamoid bone and forms the femuro-patellar component of the knee joint. Dimensions and classification of patellae are important anthropologically as well as clinically.Aims & Objectives- Morphometry of patella has a definite role in implant design and reconstructive surgeries of knee joint. The present study aims to find out different dimensions of patella and its facets on both sides and compared.Material & Methods- The morphometric study comprised of sixty (30 left and 30 right) dry human patella collected from department museum by using sliding digital calliper. The different parameters studied are height, width, thickness of patella, length and width of medial and lateral facets. Classification of patella was done by using the measurements of its articular facets.Observations- The mean height, width, thickness of patella of left side were found to be 37.79mm, 38.26mm, 19.35mm and that of right side were 35.72mm, 34.91mm, 17.64mm respectively. The mean width of medial and lateral articular facet of left side were 19.42mm, 21.21mm and that of right side were 18.33mm,20.97mm respectively. Width of lateral articular facet is significantly larger than that of medial articular facet of same side(p<0.05) and 85% of patella belongs to Wiberg typeB.The mean patellar thickness on left and right side is 19.35mm & 17.64mm respectively,left side being significantly more than(P<0.05) that of right side.Conclusion- These dimensions of patella may be helpful for different patellofemoral operations like knee arthroplasty, ligament repair, proximal tibial osteotomy, implant design for knee replacement and for forensic measurements.
Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding the Secondary Growth and Developmental Changes in Early Adolescent Period (10-14yrs) Raveena; Sarika Yadav; Khushbu
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15345

Abstract

Background : The stage of adolescences is passing through the different level and period of growth, so it is very important and outstanding because the changes that occur during adolescence affect the family as well as the society1. The pubertal or physiological changes during this period include the adolescent’s growth spurt, gonadal growth, growth of secondary sexual organs and characteristics, changes in body composition and growth of respiratory, circulatory and muscular systems2. Objectives: The objectives of the study have drawn to fulfill the research reflecting on the effectiveness of planned teaching programme regarding secondary growth and developmental changes in early adolescent period (10-14yrs) among students studying in the selected Govt. school of Haryana. Material and method : The study was conducted at Govt. Sr. Sec. School, Nuna Majra ( Jhajjar) Haryana.100 students was selected for the study by using nonProbability convenient Sampling Technique. Knowledge of the children was assessed through the structured questionnaire and after that planned teaching programme was delivered to samples and after 7 days post test was conducted to the gained knowledge of children regarding secondary growth and developmental changes in early adolescent period. Result : The mean of pre-test skill score 9.88 and post-test skill score 24.63 having a significant difference with t- value for skill 30.90 at level of significant p<0.05. Post-test mean knowledge score was more than pre-test knowledge score with mean difference of 14.75. Paired t- test was performed to find the difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge score. Therefore, it was concluded that there was a significant difference in pre-test and post-test knowledge score to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme in terms of gain in knowledge score among children in early adolescent period (10-14yrs).
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Breastfeeding among Mothers Having Children Below 1 Year Ramandeep Kaur; Manjit Kaur; Jyoti
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15346

Abstract

A study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding breastfeeding among the mothers having children below 1 year. The objectives of the study are to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practices regarding breastfeeding in mothers having children 1 year, to find out the relationship between knowledge attitude and practices with selected demographic data/variables and to determine correlation between knowledge, attitude and practices. Quantitative research approach and descriptive research design were used. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the 60 subjects. Permission of data collection was taken from head of the department of paediatrics, GMCH Sec-32 Chandigarh. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results of the studies were presented in the form of figures and tables. The study findings revealed that 83.33% mothers had average knowledge regarding breastfeeding, 13.3% mothers had good knowledge and 3.3% mothers had poor knowledge. The study also shows that 88.3 % mothers had positive attitude and 11.7% mothers had negative attitude regarding breastfeeding. The practices were adequate in 91.7% mothers and 8.3% had inadequate practices of breastfeeding. Among all socio-demographic variables, only occupation and parity has significant relationship with attitude score. Only type of family has significant relationship with practice score. The findings revealed non-significant correlation (r=0.058, p=0.636) between knowledge and attitude, statistically significant positive correlation (r=0.290, p=0.038) between knowledge and practices, non-significant correlation (r=0.110, p=0.396) between attitude and practices. This project was carried out by students of final year of B.Sc.(N) Ashish, Ashu, Balraj, Dency, Gaganjot, Harsimran at GMCH-32.

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